Введение
Ранняя мормонка и впоследствии критик полигамии Энн Элиза Янг (13 сентября 1844 года – 7 декабря 1917 года), также известная как Энн Элиза Уэбб Ди Янг Деннинг, была одной из пятидесяти пяти жён Бригама Янга и позже стала критиком полигамии. Её автобиография, «Жена № 19», описывает, что Чонси Г. Уэбб был 32-летним изготовителем экипажей, а Элиза Джейн – 29-летней учительницей, когда родилась Энн Элиза. В 1846 году семья Уэбб вместе с мормонскими пионерами переехала в долину Солт-Лейк. У них было два сына: Эдвард Уэсли и Леонард "Луис" Лоренцо. По словам её биографа, Ирвинга Уоллеса, «всю оставшуюся жизнь Энн Элиза всегда называла Джеймса Ди человеком, который ‘испортил’ её жизнь».
Ann Eliza Young (September 13, 1844 – December 7, 1917) also known as Ann Eliza Webb Dee Young Denning was one of Brigham Young's fifty five wives and later a critic of polygamy. Her autobiography, Wife No. 19, Chauncey G. Webb was a 32 year old carriage maker, and Eliza Jane a 29 year old schoolteacher at the time of Ann Eliza's birth. In 1846, the Webb family moved to the Salt Lake Valley with the Mormon pioneers. They had two sons together, Edward Wesley and Leonard "Louis" Lorenzo, According to her biographer, Irving Wallace, "for the rest of her days Ann Eliza would always refer to James Dee as the man who 'blighted' her life." Polygamous marriage to Brigham Young
On the advice of her family, Ann Eliza married Brigham Young, the second president of the LDS Church, when he was 67 years old and she was a 24 year old divorcee. The discrepancies may be due, in part, to difficulties in defining what constitutes a "wife" in early Mormon polygamous practices. A book published in the 1890s and endorsed by church leaders entitled Pictures and Biographies of Brigham Young and His Wives provides brief descriptions of 26 wives, including Ann Eliza. On Ann Eliza's legal counsel was Judge Hagan who also believed that Stratton was primarily to blame for Ann Eliza's separation from Young. In a statement, Stratton denied having any influence on Ann Eliza's decision, claiming instead that he had encouraged her to stay in her situation with Young. He indicated, however, that Ann Eliza was "a person of womanly instincts" whose "present position [was] exceedingly distasteful to her". Reverend Stratton was invited to be listed as Ann Eliza's "next friend" in the divorce case. Judge Hagan believed that Stratton's background as a Methodist minister would validate the indictments against Young and the LDS Church. Stratton refused, however, due to other high profile legal circumstances, which had forced him to leave his previous ministry in Portland, Oregon. He did not want the additional publicity of Ann Eliza's court case. The divorce was granted in January 1875, and Young was ordered to pay a $500 per month allowance as well as $3,000 in court fees. In a biographical entry on Brigham Young in American National Biography, Leonard Arrington stated that Ann Eliza's lectures against Young were "influential in the federal antipolygamy legislation of 1882 and 1887". Wife No. 19
In 1876, Ann Eliza published an autobiography titled Wife No. 19. In it, she wrote that she had "a desire to impress upon the world what Mormonism really is; to show the pitiable condition of its women, held in a system of bondage that is more cruel than African slavery ever was, since it claims to hold body and soul alike". The autobiography was the basis for Irving Wallace's 1961 biography The Twenty Seventh Wife and for David Ebershoff's 2008 novel The 19th Wife''.
По совету семьи Энн Элиза вышла замуж за Бригама Янга, второго президента Церкви Иисуса Христа Святых последних дней, когда ему было 67 лет, а ей – 24 года и она была разведена. Несоответствия могут быть частично связаны с трудностями в определении того, кого считать «женой» в ранних мормонских полигамных практиках. В книге, опубликованной в 1890-х годах и одобренной церковными лидерами под названием «Портреты и биографии Бригама Янга и его жён», содержатся краткие описания 26 жён, включая Энн Элизу. Юридическим консультантом Энн Элизы был судья Хаган, который также считал, что Страттон в первую очередь виноват в разлуке Энн Элизы с Янгом. В своём заявлении Страттон отрицал какое-либо влияние на решение Энн Элизы, утверждая, что, напротив, он поощрял её оставаться в отношениях с Янгом. Однако он отметил, что Энн Элиза была «женщиной с женскими инстинктами», чьё «текущее положение крайне неприятно для неё». Преподобному Страттону предложили выступить в качестве «ближайшего друга» Энн Элизы в деле о разводе. Судья Хаган полагал, что прошлое Страттона как методистского пастора укрепит обвинения против Янга и Церкви. Однако Страттон отказался из-за других громких юридических дел, которые вынудили его покинуть предыдущее служение в Портленде, штат Орегон. Он не хотел дополнительной огласки вокруг судебного процесса Энн Элизы. Развод был оформлен в январе 1875 года, и Янг был обязан выплачивать 500 долларов в месяц в качестве алиментов, а также 3000 долларов в качестве судебных издержек. В биографической статье о Бригаме Янг в «Американской национальной биографии» Леонард Аррингтон заявил, что лекции Энн Элизы против Янга «оказали влияние на принятие федеральных законов против полигамии в 1882 и 1887 годах».
Ann Eliza Young (September 13, 1844 – December 7, 1917) also known as Ann Eliza Webb Dee Young Denning was one of Brigham Young's fifty five wives and later a critic of polygamy. Her autobiography, Wife No. 19, Chauncey G. Webb was a 32 year old carriage maker, and Eliza Jane a 29 year old schoolteacher at the time of Ann Eliza's birth. In 1846, the Webb family moved to the Salt Lake Valley with the Mormon pioneers. They had two sons together, Edward Wesley and Leonard "Louis" Lorenzo, According to her biographer, Irving Wallace, "for the rest of her days Ann Eliza would always refer to James Dee as the man who 'blighted' her life." Polygamous marriage to Brigham Young
On the advice of her family, Ann Eliza married Brigham Young, the second president of the LDS Church, when he was 67 years old and she was a 24 year old divorcee. The discrepancies may be due, in part, to difficulties in defining what constitutes a "wife" in early Mormon polygamous practices. A book published in the 1890s and endorsed by church leaders entitled Pictures and Biographies of Brigham Young and His Wives provides brief descriptions of 26 wives, including Ann Eliza. On Ann Eliza's legal counsel was Judge Hagan who also believed that Stratton was primarily to blame for Ann Eliza's separation from Young. In a statement, Stratton denied having any influence on Ann Eliza's decision, claiming instead that he had encouraged her to stay in her situation with Young. He indicated, however, that Ann Eliza was "a person of womanly instincts" whose "present position [was] exceedingly distasteful to her". Reverend Stratton was invited to be listed as Ann Eliza's "next friend" in the divorce case. Judge Hagan believed that Stratton's background as a Methodist minister would validate the indictments against Young and the LDS Church. Stratton refused, however, due to other high profile legal circumstances, which had forced him to leave his previous ministry in Portland, Oregon. He did not want the additional publicity of Ann Eliza's court case. The divorce was granted in January 1875, and Young was ordered to pay a $500 per month allowance as well as $3,000 in court fees. In a biographical entry on Brigham Young in American National Biography, Leonard Arrington stated that Ann Eliza's lectures against Young were "influential in the federal antipolygamy legislation of 1882 and 1887". Wife No. 19
In 1876, Ann Eliza published an autobiography titled Wife No. 19. In it, she wrote that she had "a desire to impress upon the world what Mormonism really is; to show the pitiable condition of its women, held in a system of bondage that is more cruel than African slavery ever was, since it claims to hold body and soul alike". The autobiography was the basis for Irving Wallace's 1961 biography The Twenty Seventh Wife and for David Ebershoff's 2008 novel The 19th Wife''.
«Жена № 19»
Ann Eliza Young (September 13, 1844 – December 7, 1917) also known as Ann Eliza Webb Dee Young Denning was one of Brigham Young's fifty five wives and later a critic of polygamy. Her autobiography, Wife No. 19, Chauncey G. Webb was a 32 year old carriage maker, and Eliza Jane a 29 year old schoolteacher at the time of Ann Eliza's birth. In 1846, the Webb family moved to the Salt Lake Valley with the Mormon pioneers. They had two sons together, Edward Wesley and Leonard "Louis" Lorenzo, According to her biographer, Irving Wallace, "for the rest of her days Ann Eliza would always refer to James Dee as the man who 'blighted' her life." Polygamous marriage to Brigham Young
On the advice of her family, Ann Eliza married Brigham Young, the second president of the LDS Church, when he was 67 years old and she was a 24 year old divorcee. The discrepancies may be due, in part, to difficulties in defining what constitutes a "wife" in early Mormon polygamous practices. A book published in the 1890s and endorsed by church leaders entitled Pictures and Biographies of Brigham Young and His Wives provides brief descriptions of 26 wives, including Ann Eliza. On Ann Eliza's legal counsel was Judge Hagan who also believed that Stratton was primarily to blame for Ann Eliza's separation from Young. In a statement, Stratton denied having any influence on Ann Eliza's decision, claiming instead that he had encouraged her to stay in her situation with Young. He indicated, however, that Ann Eliza was "a person of womanly instincts" whose "present position [was] exceedingly distasteful to her". Reverend Stratton was invited to be listed as Ann Eliza's "next friend" in the divorce case. Judge Hagan believed that Stratton's background as a Methodist minister would validate the indictments against Young and the LDS Church. Stratton refused, however, due to other high profile legal circumstances, which had forced him to leave his previous ministry in Portland, Oregon. He did not want the additional publicity of Ann Eliza's court case. The divorce was granted in January 1875, and Young was ordered to pay a $500 per month allowance as well as $3,000 in court fees. In a biographical entry on Brigham Young in American National Biography, Leonard Arrington stated that Ann Eliza's lectures against Young were "influential in the federal antipolygamy legislation of 1882 and 1887". Wife No. 19
In 1876, Ann Eliza published an autobiography titled Wife No. 19. In it, she wrote that she had "a desire to impress upon the world what Mormonism really is; to show the pitiable condition of its women, held in a system of bondage that is more cruel than African slavery ever was, since it claims to hold body and soul alike". The autobiography was the basis for Irving Wallace's 1961 biography The Twenty Seventh Wife and for David Ebershoff's 2008 novel The 19th Wife''.
В 1876 году Энн Элиза опубликовала автобиографию под названием «Жена № 19». В ней она написала, что стремится «произвести впечатление на мир, показав, что такое мормонизм на самом деле; показать жалкое положение его женщин, содержащихся в системе рабства, которая более жестока, чем африканское рабство, поскольку она претендует на власть как над телом, так и над душой». Автобиография послужила основой для биографии Ирвинга Уоллеса 1961 года «Двадцать седьмая жена» и романа Дэвида Эберсхоффа 2008 года «Девятнадцатая жена».
Ann Eliza Young (September 13, 1844 – December 7, 1917) also known as Ann Eliza Webb Dee Young Denning was one of Brigham Young's fifty five wives and later a critic of polygamy. Her autobiography, Wife No. 19, Chauncey G. Webb was a 32 year old carriage maker, and Eliza Jane a 29 year old schoolteacher at the time of Ann Eliza's birth. In 1846, the Webb family moved to the Salt Lake Valley with the Mormon pioneers. They had two sons together, Edward Wesley and Leonard "Louis" Lorenzo, According to her biographer, Irving Wallace, "for the rest of her days Ann Eliza would always refer to James Dee as the man who 'blighted' her life." Polygamous marriage to Brigham Young
On the advice of her family, Ann Eliza married Brigham Young, the second president of the LDS Church, when he was 67 years old and she was a 24 year old divorcee. The discrepancies may be due, in part, to difficulties in defining what constitutes a "wife" in early Mormon polygamous practices. A book published in the 1890s and endorsed by church leaders entitled Pictures and Biographies of Brigham Young and His Wives provides brief descriptions of 26 wives, including Ann Eliza. On Ann Eliza's legal counsel was Judge Hagan who also believed that Stratton was primarily to blame for Ann Eliza's separation from Young. In a statement, Stratton denied having any influence on Ann Eliza's decision, claiming instead that he had encouraged her to stay in her situation with Young. He indicated, however, that Ann Eliza was "a person of womanly instincts" whose "present position [was] exceedingly distasteful to her". Reverend Stratton was invited to be listed as Ann Eliza's "next friend" in the divorce case. Judge Hagan believed that Stratton's background as a Methodist minister would validate the indictments against Young and the LDS Church. Stratton refused, however, due to other high profile legal circumstances, which had forced him to leave his previous ministry in Portland, Oregon. He did not want the additional publicity of Ann Eliza's court case. The divorce was granted in January 1875, and Young was ordered to pay a $500 per month allowance as well as $3,000 in court fees. In a biographical entry on Brigham Young in American National Biography, Leonard Arrington stated that Ann Eliza's lectures against Young were "influential in the federal antipolygamy legislation of 1882 and 1887". Wife No. 19
In 1876, Ann Eliza published an autobiography titled Wife No. 19. In it, she wrote that she had "a desire to impress upon the world what Mormonism really is; to show the pitiable condition of its women, held in a system of bondage that is more cruel than African slavery ever was, since it claims to hold body and soul alike". The autobiography was the basis for Irving Wallace's 1961 biography The Twenty Seventh Wife and for David Ebershoff's 2008 novel The 19th Wife''.
Третий брак
После развода с Бригамом Янгом в 1875 году Энн Элиза вышла замуж за 53-летнего Мозеса Р. Деннинга из Манисти, штат Мичиган. За два года до замужества с Деннингом, который к тому времени был женат и имел детей, Энн Элиза некоторое время проживала в его доме.
Развод с Дэннинг
В 1907 году в статье, посвященной 30-й годовщине смерти Бригама Янга, сообщалось о его вдовах, остававшихся в живых на тот момент, и упоминалось, что Энн Элиза развелась в третий раз и проживала в Лансинге, штат Мичиган. Перепись населения США 1900 года указывала, что она жила в Брекенридже, округ Саммит, штат Колорадо. В конечном итоге Энн Элиза вернулась в Юту, чтобы получить наследство в размере 2000 долларов от своего первого мужа, Джеймса Ди. Со временем она отдалилась от своей семьи, включая детей. Один из её внуков рассказал Уоллесу, что ни один из её сыновей не поддерживал с ней связь после достижения совершеннолетия. В 1930 году её старший внук сказал Уоллесу: «Надеюсь, я больше никогда её не увижу». Она умерла у себя дома в Спаркс от пневмонии, вызванной преклонным возрастом, и была похоронена 9 декабря 1917 года на кладбище Маунтин-Вью в Рино, штат Невада.