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Введение
Древняя столица Венгерского королевства
Ancient capital of the Kingdom of Hungary
Буда была исторической столицей Венгерского королевства и с 1873 года является западной частью венгерской столицы Будапешта, расположенной на западном берегу Дуная. Буда занимает треть территории всего Будапешта и преимущественно покрыта лесами. К достопримечательностям относятся Будайская крепость, Цитадель и резиденция президента Венгрии – дворец Шандор.
Buda was the historic capital of the Kingdom of Hungary and, since 1873, has been the western part of the Hungarian capital Budapest, on the west bank of the Danube. Buda comprises a third of Budapest's total territory and is mostly wooded. Landmarks include Buda Castle, the Citadella, and the president of Hungary's residence, Sándor Palace.
Этимология
Согласно легенде, зафиксированной в средневековых хрониках, название "Буда" происходит от имени Бледы (Буда), брата гуннского правителя Аттилы. Аттила прибыл в город Сикамбрию в Паннонии, где убил своего брата Буду и бросил его тело в Дунай. Ибо, пока Аттила находился на западе, его брат нарушил границы его владений, назвав Сикамбрию в честь себя – Замком Буды. И хотя король Аттила запретил гуннам и другим народам называть этот город Замком Буды, предпочитая ему название Столица Аттилы, немцы, опасаясь запрета, назвали город Эцильбургом, что означает Замок Аттилы, однако венгры проигнорировали запрет и назвали его Обудой [Старой Будой] и продолжают называть так и по сей день. Марк Кальтон: Chronicon Pictum.
According to a legend recorded in chronicles from the Middle Ages, the name "Buda" comes from the name of Bleda (Buda), brother of Hunnic ruler Attila. Attila went in the city of Sicambria in Pannonia, where he killed Buda, his brother, and he threw his corpse into the Danube. For while Attila was in the west, his brother crossed the boundaries in his reign, because he named Sicambria after his own name Buda's Castle. And though King Attila forbade the Huns and the other peoples to call that city Buda's Castle, but he called it Attila's Capital, the Germans who were terrified by the prohibition named the city as Eccylburg, which means Attila Castle, however, the Hungarians did not care about the ban and call it Óbuda [Old Buda] and call it to this day.|Mark of Kalt: Chronicon PictumThe Scythians are certainly an ancient people and the strength of Scythia lies in the east, as we said above. And the first king of Scythia was Magog, son of Japhet, and his people were called Magyars [Hungarians] after their King Magog, from whose royal line the most renowned and mighty King Attila descended, who, in the 451st year of Our Lord’s birth, coming down from Scythia, entered Pannonia with a mighty force and, putting the Romans to flight, took the realm and made a royal residence for himself beside the Danube above the hot springs, and he ordered all the old buildings that he found there to be restored and he built them in a circular and very strong wall that in the Hungarian language is now called Budavár [Buda Castle] and by the Germans Etzelburg [Attila Castle]|Anonymus: Gesta Hungarorum
Скифы – несомненно, древний народ, и сила Скифии сосредоточена на востоке, как мы уже говорили. Первым царем Скифии был Магог, сын Яфета, и его народ назывался мадьярами [венграми] в честь их царя Магога, от царского рода которого произошел самый знаменитый и могущественный король Аттила, который в 451 году от Рождества Христова, спустившись из Скифии, вторгся в Паннонию с могучей армией, обратил римлян в бегство, захватил земли и основал себе королевскую резиденцию у Дуная, над горячими источниками. Он приказал восстановить все старые постройки, которые там были, и окружил их круглой и прочной стеной, которую на венгерском языке теперь называют Будавар [Будайская крепость], а немцы – Этцельбургом [Замок Аттилы]. Аноним: Gesta Hungarorum.
According to a legend recorded in chronicles from the Middle Ages, the name "Buda" comes from the name of Bleda (Buda), brother of Hunnic ruler Attila. Attila went in the city of Sicambria in Pannonia, where he killed Buda, his brother, and he threw his corpse into the Danube. For while Attila was in the west, his brother crossed the boundaries in his reign, because he named Sicambria after his own name Buda's Castle. And though King Attila forbade the Huns and the other peoples to call that city Buda's Castle, but he called it Attila's Capital, the Germans who were terrified by the prohibition named the city as Eccylburg, which means Attila Castle, however, the Hungarians did not care about the ban and call it Óbuda [Old Buda] and call it to this day.|Mark of Kalt: Chronicon PictumThe Scythians are certainly an ancient people and the strength of Scythia lies in the east, as we said above. And the first king of Scythia was Magog, son of Japhet, and his people were called Magyars [Hungarians] after their King Magog, from whose royal line the most renowned and mighty King Attila descended, who, in the 451st year of Our Lord’s birth, coming down from Scythia, entered Pannonia with a mighty force and, putting the Romans to flight, took the realm and made a royal residence for himself beside the Danube above the hot springs, and he ordered all the old buildings that he found there to be restored and he built them in a circular and very strong wall that in the Hungarian language is now called Budavár [Buda Castle] and by the Germans Etzelburg [Attila Castle]|Anonymus: Gesta Hungarorum