Введение
Хасидская династия – это династия, возглавляемая хасидскими еврейскими духовными лидерами, известными как ребе, и обычно характеризуется следующими признаками:
A Hasidic dynasty or Chassidic dynasty is a dynasty led by Hasidic Jewish spiritual leaders known as rebbes, and usually has some or all of the following characteristics:
Each leader of the dynasty is referred to as an ADMOR (abbreviation for ADoneinu MOreinu VeRabeinu – "our master, our teacher, and our rabbi"), or simply as Rebbe (or "the Rebbe"), and at times called the "Rav" ("rabbi"), and sometimes referred to in English as a "Grand Rabbi";
The dynasty continues beyond the initial leader's lifetime by succession (usually by a family descendant);
The dynasty is usually named after a key town in Eastern Europe where the founder may have been born or lived, and sometimes, such as in the case of the Bostoner Chassidim, where the group began to grow and flourish or where a significantly influential Jewish teacher founds a court or yeshiva where students go to learn from, or consult with, that Rebbe;
The dynasty has (or once had) followers who, through time, continue following successive leaders (rebbes), or may even continue as a group without a leader by following the precepts of a deceased leader. Distinguished from a dynasty, a Hasidic group or Chassidic group has the following characteristics:
It was founded by a leader who did not appoint or leave a successor;
It may be named after a key town in Eastern Europe where the founder may have been born or lived, or where the group began to grow and flourish, or it may be named after the founder himself;
It has followers who continue as a group under the direction of rabbis who expound and interpret the precepts of the deceased founder.
Каждый лидер династии именуется ADMOR (аббревиатура от ADoneinu MOreinu VeRabeinu – "наш господин, наш учитель и наш раввин"), или просто Ребе (или "Ребе"), иногда – "Рав" ("рабби"), а также иногда на английском языке – "Гранд Раввин";
A Hasidic dynasty or Chassidic dynasty is a dynasty led by Hasidic Jewish spiritual leaders known as rebbes, and usually has some or all of the following characteristics:
Each leader of the dynasty is referred to as an ADMOR (abbreviation for ADoneinu MOreinu VeRabeinu – "our master, our teacher, and our rabbi"), or simply as Rebbe (or "the Rebbe"), and at times called the "Rav" ("rabbi"), and sometimes referred to in English as a "Grand Rabbi";
The dynasty continues beyond the initial leader's lifetime by succession (usually by a family descendant);
The dynasty is usually named after a key town in Eastern Europe where the founder may have been born or lived, and sometimes, such as in the case of the Bostoner Chassidim, where the group began to grow and flourish or where a significantly influential Jewish teacher founds a court or yeshiva where students go to learn from, or consult with, that Rebbe;
The dynasty has (or once had) followers who, through time, continue following successive leaders (rebbes), or may even continue as a group without a leader by following the precepts of a deceased leader. Distinguished from a dynasty, a Hasidic group or Chassidic group has the following characteristics:
It was founded by a leader who did not appoint or leave a successor;
It may be named after a key town in Eastern Europe where the founder may have been born or lived, or where the group began to grow and flourish, or it may be named after the founder himself;
It has followers who continue as a group under the direction of rabbis who expound and interpret the precepts of the deceased founder.
Династия продолжается после смерти основателя посредством преемственности (обычно по семейной линии);
A Hasidic dynasty or Chassidic dynasty is a dynasty led by Hasidic Jewish spiritual leaders known as rebbes, and usually has some or all of the following characteristics:
Each leader of the dynasty is referred to as an ADMOR (abbreviation for ADoneinu MOreinu VeRabeinu – "our master, our teacher, and our rabbi"), or simply as Rebbe (or "the Rebbe"), and at times called the "Rav" ("rabbi"), and sometimes referred to in English as a "Grand Rabbi";
The dynasty continues beyond the initial leader's lifetime by succession (usually by a family descendant);
The dynasty is usually named after a key town in Eastern Europe where the founder may have been born or lived, and sometimes, such as in the case of the Bostoner Chassidim, where the group began to grow and flourish or where a significantly influential Jewish teacher founds a court or yeshiva where students go to learn from, or consult with, that Rebbe;
The dynasty has (or once had) followers who, through time, continue following successive leaders (rebbes), or may even continue as a group without a leader by following the precepts of a deceased leader. Distinguished from a dynasty, a Hasidic group or Chassidic group has the following characteristics:
It was founded by a leader who did not appoint or leave a successor;
It may be named after a key town in Eastern Europe where the founder may have been born or lived, or where the group began to grow and flourish, or it may be named after the founder himself;
It has followers who continue as a group under the direction of rabbis who expound and interpret the precepts of the deceased founder.
Династия обычно названа в честь ключевого города в Восточной Европе, где основатель мог родиться или жить, а иногда, как в случае с хасидами из Бостона, где группа начала расти и процветать, или где влиятельный еврейский наставник основал свой двор или ешиву, куда ученики приходили учиться и советоваться с Ребе;
A Hasidic dynasty or Chassidic dynasty is a dynasty led by Hasidic Jewish spiritual leaders known as rebbes, and usually has some or all of the following characteristics:
Each leader of the dynasty is referred to as an ADMOR (abbreviation for ADoneinu MOreinu VeRabeinu – "our master, our teacher, and our rabbi"), or simply as Rebbe (or "the Rebbe"), and at times called the "Rav" ("rabbi"), and sometimes referred to in English as a "Grand Rabbi";
The dynasty continues beyond the initial leader's lifetime by succession (usually by a family descendant);
The dynasty is usually named after a key town in Eastern Europe where the founder may have been born or lived, and sometimes, such as in the case of the Bostoner Chassidim, where the group began to grow and flourish or where a significantly influential Jewish teacher founds a court or yeshiva where students go to learn from, or consult with, that Rebbe;
The dynasty has (or once had) followers who, through time, continue following successive leaders (rebbes), or may even continue as a group without a leader by following the precepts of a deceased leader. Distinguished from a dynasty, a Hasidic group or Chassidic group has the following characteristics:
It was founded by a leader who did not appoint or leave a successor;
It may be named after a key town in Eastern Europe where the founder may have been born or lived, or where the group began to grow and flourish, or it may be named after the founder himself;
It has followers who continue as a group under the direction of rabbis who expound and interpret the precepts of the deceased founder.
Династия имеет (или когда-то имела) последователей, которые со временем продолжают следовать за последовательными лидерами (ребе), или могут продолжать существовать как группа без лидера, следуя наставлениям ушедшего из жизни ребе.
A Hasidic dynasty or Chassidic dynasty is a dynasty led by Hasidic Jewish spiritual leaders known as rebbes, and usually has some or all of the following characteristics:
Each leader of the dynasty is referred to as an ADMOR (abbreviation for ADoneinu MOreinu VeRabeinu – "our master, our teacher, and our rabbi"), or simply as Rebbe (or "the Rebbe"), and at times called the "Rav" ("rabbi"), and sometimes referred to in English as a "Grand Rabbi";
The dynasty continues beyond the initial leader's lifetime by succession (usually by a family descendant);
The dynasty is usually named after a key town in Eastern Europe where the founder may have been born or lived, and sometimes, such as in the case of the Bostoner Chassidim, where the group began to grow and flourish or where a significantly influential Jewish teacher founds a court or yeshiva where students go to learn from, or consult with, that Rebbe;
The dynasty has (or once had) followers who, through time, continue following successive leaders (rebbes), or may even continue as a group without a leader by following the precepts of a deceased leader. Distinguished from a dynasty, a Hasidic group or Chassidic group has the following characteristics:
It was founded by a leader who did not appoint or leave a successor;
It may be named after a key town in Eastern Europe where the founder may have been born or lived, or where the group began to grow and flourish, or it may be named after the founder himself;
It has followers who continue as a group under the direction of rabbis who expound and interpret the precepts of the deceased founder.
В отличие от династии, хасидская группа характеризуется следующим:
A Hasidic dynasty or Chassidic dynasty is a dynasty led by Hasidic Jewish spiritual leaders known as rebbes, and usually has some or all of the following characteristics:
Each leader of the dynasty is referred to as an ADMOR (abbreviation for ADoneinu MOreinu VeRabeinu – "our master, our teacher, and our rabbi"), or simply as Rebbe (or "the Rebbe"), and at times called the "Rav" ("rabbi"), and sometimes referred to in English as a "Grand Rabbi";
The dynasty continues beyond the initial leader's lifetime by succession (usually by a family descendant);
The dynasty is usually named after a key town in Eastern Europe where the founder may have been born or lived, and sometimes, such as in the case of the Bostoner Chassidim, where the group began to grow and flourish or where a significantly influential Jewish teacher founds a court or yeshiva where students go to learn from, or consult with, that Rebbe;
The dynasty has (or once had) followers who, through time, continue following successive leaders (rebbes), or may even continue as a group without a leader by following the precepts of a deceased leader. Distinguished from a dynasty, a Hasidic group or Chassidic group has the following characteristics:
It was founded by a leader who did not appoint or leave a successor;
It may be named after a key town in Eastern Europe where the founder may have been born or lived, or where the group began to grow and flourish, or it may be named after the founder himself;
It has followers who continue as a group under the direction of rabbis who expound and interpret the precepts of the deceased founder.
Она была основана лидером, который не назначил и не оставил преемника;
A Hasidic dynasty or Chassidic dynasty is a dynasty led by Hasidic Jewish spiritual leaders known as rebbes, and usually has some or all of the following characteristics:
Each leader of the dynasty is referred to as an ADMOR (abbreviation for ADoneinu MOreinu VeRabeinu – "our master, our teacher, and our rabbi"), or simply as Rebbe (or "the Rebbe"), and at times called the "Rav" ("rabbi"), and sometimes referred to in English as a "Grand Rabbi";
The dynasty continues beyond the initial leader's lifetime by succession (usually by a family descendant);
The dynasty is usually named after a key town in Eastern Europe where the founder may have been born or lived, and sometimes, such as in the case of the Bostoner Chassidim, where the group began to grow and flourish or where a significantly influential Jewish teacher founds a court or yeshiva where students go to learn from, or consult with, that Rebbe;
The dynasty has (or once had) followers who, through time, continue following successive leaders (rebbes), or may even continue as a group without a leader by following the precepts of a deceased leader. Distinguished from a dynasty, a Hasidic group or Chassidic group has the following characteristics:
It was founded by a leader who did not appoint or leave a successor;
It may be named after a key town in Eastern Europe where the founder may have been born or lived, or where the group began to grow and flourish, or it may be named after the founder himself;
It has followers who continue as a group under the direction of rabbis who expound and interpret the precepts of the deceased founder.
Она может быть названа в честь ключевого города в Восточной Европе, где основатель мог родиться или жить, или где группа начала расти и процветать, либо в честь самого основателя;
A Hasidic dynasty or Chassidic dynasty is a dynasty led by Hasidic Jewish spiritual leaders known as rebbes, and usually has some or all of the following characteristics:
Each leader of the dynasty is referred to as an ADMOR (abbreviation for ADoneinu MOreinu VeRabeinu – "our master, our teacher, and our rabbi"), or simply as Rebbe (or "the Rebbe"), and at times called the "Rav" ("rabbi"), and sometimes referred to in English as a "Grand Rabbi";
The dynasty continues beyond the initial leader's lifetime by succession (usually by a family descendant);
The dynasty is usually named after a key town in Eastern Europe where the founder may have been born or lived, and sometimes, such as in the case of the Bostoner Chassidim, where the group began to grow and flourish or where a significantly influential Jewish teacher founds a court or yeshiva where students go to learn from, or consult with, that Rebbe;
The dynasty has (or once had) followers who, through time, continue following successive leaders (rebbes), or may even continue as a group without a leader by following the precepts of a deceased leader. Distinguished from a dynasty, a Hasidic group or Chassidic group has the following characteristics:
It was founded by a leader who did not appoint or leave a successor;
It may be named after a key town in Eastern Europe where the founder may have been born or lived, or where the group began to grow and flourish, or it may be named after the founder himself;
It has followers who continue as a group under the direction of rabbis who expound and interpret the precepts of the deceased founder.
Она имеет последователей, которые продолжают существовать как группа под руководством раввинов, разъясняющих и интерпретирующих наставления ушедшего из жизни основателя.
A Hasidic dynasty or Chassidic dynasty is a dynasty led by Hasidic Jewish spiritual leaders known as rebbes, and usually has some or all of the following characteristics:
Each leader of the dynasty is referred to as an ADMOR (abbreviation for ADoneinu MOreinu VeRabeinu – "our master, our teacher, and our rabbi"), or simply as Rebbe (or "the Rebbe"), and at times called the "Rav" ("rabbi"), and sometimes referred to in English as a "Grand Rabbi";
The dynasty continues beyond the initial leader's lifetime by succession (usually by a family descendant);
The dynasty is usually named after a key town in Eastern Europe where the founder may have been born or lived, and sometimes, such as in the case of the Bostoner Chassidim, where the group began to grow and flourish or where a significantly influential Jewish teacher founds a court or yeshiva where students go to learn from, or consult with, that Rebbe;
The dynasty has (or once had) followers who, through time, continue following successive leaders (rebbes), or may even continue as a group without a leader by following the precepts of a deceased leader. Distinguished from a dynasty, a Hasidic group or Chassidic group has the following characteristics:
It was founded by a leader who did not appoint or leave a successor;
It may be named after a key town in Eastern Europe where the founder may have been born or lived, or where the group began to grow and flourish, or it may be named after the founder himself;
It has followers who continue as a group under the direction of rabbis who expound and interpret the precepts of the deceased founder.
Хасидские группы (нединастические)
ИмяОсновательШтаб-квартираМесто происхождения БресловНахман Бресловский (1772–1810)Иерусалим, ИзраильБратслав, Украина МалахимХайм Авраам Дов Бер Левин хаКоэн (1860–1938)Уильямсбург, БруклинБруклин, Нью-Йорк ПешишаЯков Ицхак Рабинович "Йид Хакудош" (1766–1813)Пшисуха, Польша РыбницаХайм Занвл Абрамовиц (ум. 1995)Монси, Нью-ЙоркРибница, Молдова / Транснистрия ВенУильямсбург, БруклинВена, Австрия
Другие династии
Многие из этих династий в настоящее время насчитывают мало или совсем не имеют последователей, поскольку большинство хасидских групп были уничтожены во время Холокоста в 1939–1945 годах. Другие общины процветают и имеют растущие хасидские течения. Существует множество династий, число последователей которых колеблется от пяти до пятнадцати человек, и они здесь не указаны.