Введение
Немецкий художник Питер Муг (1871–1930) был немецким художником-аутсайдером, страдавшим шизофренией, и одним из "мастеров шизофрении", описанных Хансом Принцхорном в его основополагающей работе "Искусство душевнобольных".
Peter Moog (1871–1930) was a German outsider artist with schizophrenia, and one of the "schizophrenic masters" profiled by Hans Prinzhorn in his field defining work Artistry of the Mentally Ill.
Moog became a waiter and later a tavern owner, getting married in 1900 to a woman with whom he had three children. Throughout his life, he had been prone to a "loose life style, alcoholism, and sexual excess" (Prinzhorn 1972, p. 144) and had gonorrhea. He had his first schizophrenic episode in 1908, shortly after his wife's death in 1907. His episode convinced him to become a poet, and he drifted from town to town attempting to give lectures and start his own printing press. Six weeks afterward, his relatives finally committed him to an asylum. In the asylum he wrote lewd poetry, starting to paint in 1912. In a surprising contrast to his verses, all of his paintings were of saints and religious images. The style of his paintings is reminiscent of a stained glass window. Figures are composed of many narrow strips, each decorated with its own ornamental pattern and each of a different color. Moog displays the common outsider horror vacui, filling every space with decoration. He painted saints in order to atone for his earlier sins, and renounced his earlier lifestyle, equating sexuality with sin and renouncing tobacco and alcohol during his years in the asylum.
Муг работал официантом, а затем стал владельцем таверны, женившись в 1900 году на женщине, от которой у него было трое детей. На протяжении всей жизни он был склонен к "расточительному образу жизни, алкоголизму и распущенности" (Prinzhorn 1972, с. 144) и страдал гонореей. Первый психотический эпизод у него случился в 1908 году, вскоре после смерти жены в 1907 году. Этот эпизод побудил его стать поэтом, и он переезжал из города в город, пытаясь читать лекции и открыть собственную типографию. Через шесть недель родственники, наконец, поместили его в психиатрическую больницу. Там он писал непристойные стихи и начал рисовать в 1912 году. В поразительном контрасте с его стихами, все его картины изображали святых и религиозные сюжеты. Стиль его живописи напоминает витражное искусство. Фигуры состоят из множества узких полос, каждая из которых украшена собственным орнаментом и выполнена в разном цвете. Муг проявляет типичный для аутсайдеров страх пустоты, заполняя все пространство декоративными элементами. Он писал святых, чтобы искупить свои прошлые грехи, и отказался от прежнего образа жизни, отождествляя сексуальность с грехом и отказавшись от табака и алкоголя во время пребывания в больнице.
Peter Moog (1871–1930) was a German outsider artist with schizophrenia, and one of the "schizophrenic masters" profiled by Hans Prinzhorn in his field defining work Artistry of the Mentally Ill.
Moog became a waiter and later a tavern owner, getting married in 1900 to a woman with whom he had three children. Throughout his life, he had been prone to a "loose life style, alcoholism, and sexual excess" (Prinzhorn 1972, p. 144) and had gonorrhea. He had his first schizophrenic episode in 1908, shortly after his wife's death in 1907. His episode convinced him to become a poet, and he drifted from town to town attempting to give lectures and start his own printing press. Six weeks afterward, his relatives finally committed him to an asylum. In the asylum he wrote lewd poetry, starting to paint in 1912. In a surprising contrast to his verses, all of his paintings were of saints and religious images. The style of his paintings is reminiscent of a stained glass window. Figures are composed of many narrow strips, each decorated with its own ornamental pattern and each of a different color. Moog displays the common outsider horror vacui, filling every space with decoration. He painted saints in order to atone for his earlier sins, and renounced his earlier lifestyle, equating sexuality with sin and renouncing tobacco and alcohol during his years in the asylum.
Ресурсы
Принцхорн, Ханс. Искусство душевнобольных: вклад в психологию и психопатологию композиции. Перевод Эрика фон Брокдорфа. Нью-Йорк, штат Нью-Йорк: Springer Verlag, 1972.