Введение
Жилой небоскреб в Манхэттене, Нью-Йорк.
Здание стоит на отсыпанной земле вдоль берега реки Норт (архаичное название самой южной части реки Гудзон). Земля под зданием Даунтаун-клуба была отсыпана только в 1835 году, когда там выгрузили обломки после Великого пожара в Нью-Йорке. Ранее на месте Даунтаун Атлетик Клуба располагались небольшие земельные участки, принадлежавшие домовладельцам, построившим здесь жилые дома. По мере застройки Финансового района эти домовладельцы переехали в северные районы города, а их земли были застроены более крупными коммерческими зданиями. Два здания были возведены для разных целей и, соответственно, имеют разный облик: фасад Даунтаун Атлетик Клуба темнее, чем у дома 21 West Street. С учетом мансардных этажей, в Даунтаун-клубе 39 надземных этажей и высота 158 метров. Изначально здание Даунтаун-клуба было спроектировано с различными помещениями и жилыми пространствами на каждом этаже: нижние этажи предназначались в основном для спортивных сооружений, а верхние – для спален.
Форма
Здание клуба в центре города занимает весь квартал между Уэст-стрит и Вашингтон-стрит. Хотя здание Downtown Club было спроектировано первым, Starrett & van Vleck изучили, как дизайн Downtown Club и 21 West Street влияют на окружающий район и друг на друга. Фасад здания Downtown Club облицован кирпичом немного более темного оттенка, с более глубокими отступами как на Уэст-стрит, так и на Вашингтон-стрит, по сравнению с 21 West Street. Downtown Club – самое высокое здание на этом квартале. В здании предусмотрены отступы, как того требует градостроительное законодательство 1916 года; расположение этих отступов обусловлено первоначальным назначением помещений внутри здания.
Фасад
Фасад здания Атлетического клуба в центре города облицован фактурным, пестрым оранжевым кирпичом, используемым для создания текстуры. Его цвет контрастирует с многоцветными кирпичными узорами соседнего дома №21 по Западной улице. Вертикальные кирпичные элементы разделяют фасад на секции, а кирпичная кладка особенно выделяется вокруг окон, консолей над входом и парапетов на крыше. К другим элементам относятся каменные подоконники и завершения парапетов, а также пояса из цинка и свинца, расположенные в виде шеврона. Дизайн фасада также отражает функциональное назначение помещений внутри здания. На гостиничных этажах выше 20-го этажа окна были меньше, а на этажах с спортивными залами, с 4-го по 19-й, – больше.
Башня
На западной стороне улицы здание отступает назад, начиная с четвертого этажа. Северный (левый) проём имеет отдельную конфигурацию окон: одно окно на 4-м этаже и два небольших окна на каждом этаже с 5-го по 15-й. Фасады центрального и южного (правого) проёмов объединены и содержат углубленные окна, с различным расположением и оформлением подоконных панелей над окнами на каждом этаже. На центральном и южном проёмах каждый этаж с 7-го по 15-й этажи содержит пять окон; на 5-м этаже установлены пять оконных решёток; а на 4-м и 6-м этажах окон нет вовсе. Над 16-м этажом на каждом этаже по четыре окна. Дальнейшие отступы расположены над 16-м этажом центрального и южного проёмов, и над 17-м этажом северного проёма, с небольшими отступами на южной стороне 18-го этажа и северной стороне 20-го этажа. Ещё один отступ на 26-м этаже завершается парапетом, облицованным известняком.
Интерьер
Нижние этажи были посвящены в основном отдыху и демонстрации Трофея Хейсмана. На третьем этаже располагались бильярдные столы и карточные комнаты, а на пятом – боулинг. На четвертом и шестом этажах были корты для ракеточного мяча, гандбола, тенниса и сквоша, на седьмом – площадка для мини-гольфа, на восьмом – тренажерный зал. На десятом этаже находились медицинские кабинеты, а с тринадцатого по девятнадцатый этажи – обеденные залы и гостиные. Кухни располагались на тринадцатом–пятнадцатом этажах, на пятнадцатом этаже был балкон с теплицей, а на шестнадцатом–девятнадцатом – хозяйственные помещения. Водяной бак и механическое оборудование занимали три верхних этажа. Вдоль северо-восточного угла здания также проходила лестница.
Interior designers Barnet Phillips and Duncan Hunter were responsible for the interior design. Christopher Gray of The New York Times said that "the scale and sophistication of the work made it one of the most developed Art Deco interiors in New York." by a group of lawyers led by Schuyler Van Vechten Hoffman. The Downtown Athletic Club had been organized as a men only club and would remain that way for the next 51 years. At the time, the club planned to build a 20 story structure. The Downtown Athletic Club already had 1,000 members when it formally announced plans for a clubhouse in February 1928. and Starrett & van Vleck were selected as the new clubhouse's architects. The limited amount of available space in Lower Manhattan required that the new clubhouse be a skyscraper. By November 1928 the plans called for a 17 story clubhouse; contracts for clearing the site of the future clubhouse were awarded the same month. By mid 1930, the building was almost completed and 3,500 people had submitted applications for membership. The new clubhouse opened in September 1930, with a special 3 day preview period before the building was turned over to the club. At this point, the club had 3,826 members, and he founded a touchdown club at the Downtown Athletic Club, which ultimately became popular. In 1935 club member Willard Prince suggested that the Downtown Athletic Club issue annual trophies for most outstanding college football player, and the first such trophy was awarded that year. the Downtown Athletic Club Trophy became the Heisman Trophy. Because of the Downtown Athletic Club's wide offerings, it needed at least 5,000 members to remain profitable, and most of its members worked in the financial or law industries or in lower Manhattan. In the aftermath of the Wall Street Crash of 1929, many people in that demographic could no longer pay for the cost of membership. In August 1936, the club mortgaged its property to pay $260,000 of back taxes. Subsequently, the building was sold to a third party in 1947. Full control of the building was not reestablished until 1963. The club's members voted to change the club's bylaws in December 1977, allowing women to become members for the first time. The move was largely for economic reasons: to stay solvent, the club needed 3,500 "resident members"—defined as due paying members over 30 years old who lived or worked in a 35 mile (56 km) radius—but only had 2,000 such members at the time. The building was four blocks south of the World Trade Center, which had been destroyed in the attacks. The Downtown Athletic Club building was not damaged, but the building was part of an exclusion zone that the public could not enter for an extended period after the attacks. By November 2001, club officials were still hoping to reopen the club in January 2002, although there was an $8.3 million mortgage due to be paid that August. Furthermore, the building needed another $20–30 million for renovation, yet few club members were able to provide funds, and the club was accumulating debt quickly, losing $100,000 a month. The structure's amenities included a fitness center, lounge with pool table, and outdoor terrace. A preschool academy called the Learning Experience was also established in the ground floor.
Дизайнерами интерьера были Барнет Филлипс и Дункан Хантер. Кристофер Грей из The New York Times отметил, что «масштаб и изысканность работы сделали его одним из наиболее развитых интерьеров в стиле ар-деко в Нью-Йорке». Клуб был организован группой юристов во главе с Шейлером Ван Вехтен Хоффманом как клуб исключительно для мужчин и оставался таковым в течение следующих 51 лет. В то время планировалось построить 20-этажное здание. В феврале 1928 года, когда в клубе уже было 1000 членов, были официально объявлены планы строительства, а архитекторами нового здания были выбраны Старретт и ван Влек. Ограниченность доступного пространства в Нижнем Манхэттене требовала, чтобы новый клубный дом был небоскребом. К ноябрю 1928 года планы предусматривали строительство 17-этажного здания, и в том же месяце были заключены контракты на расчистку участка. К середине 1930 года строительство было почти завершено, и 3500 человек подали заявки на членство. Новый клубный дом открылся в сентябре 1930 года со специальным трехдневным предварительным просмотром перед передачей здания клубу. На тот момент в клубе было 3826 членов, и был основан клуб любителей американского футбола, который впоследствии стал популярным. В 1935 году член клуба Уиллард Принс предложил ежегодно вручать трофей лучшему игроку в студенческий футбол, и в том же году был вручен первый такой трофей. Трофей Атлетического клуба Даунтаун стал Трофеем Хейсмана.
Interior designers Barnet Phillips and Duncan Hunter were responsible for the interior design. Christopher Gray of The New York Times said that "the scale and sophistication of the work made it one of the most developed Art Deco interiors in New York." by a group of lawyers led by Schuyler Van Vechten Hoffman. The Downtown Athletic Club had been organized as a men only club and would remain that way for the next 51 years. At the time, the club planned to build a 20 story structure. The Downtown Athletic Club already had 1,000 members when it formally announced plans for a clubhouse in February 1928. and Starrett & van Vleck were selected as the new clubhouse's architects. The limited amount of available space in Lower Manhattan required that the new clubhouse be a skyscraper. By November 1928 the plans called for a 17 story clubhouse; contracts for clearing the site of the future clubhouse were awarded the same month. By mid 1930, the building was almost completed and 3,500 people had submitted applications for membership. The new clubhouse opened in September 1930, with a special 3 day preview period before the building was turned over to the club. At this point, the club had 3,826 members, and he founded a touchdown club at the Downtown Athletic Club, which ultimately became popular. In 1935 club member Willard Prince suggested that the Downtown Athletic Club issue annual trophies for most outstanding college football player, and the first such trophy was awarded that year. the Downtown Athletic Club Trophy became the Heisman Trophy. Because of the Downtown Athletic Club's wide offerings, it needed at least 5,000 members to remain profitable, and most of its members worked in the financial or law industries or in lower Manhattan. In the aftermath of the Wall Street Crash of 1929, many people in that demographic could no longer pay for the cost of membership. In August 1936, the club mortgaged its property to pay $260,000 of back taxes. Subsequently, the building was sold to a third party in 1947. Full control of the building was not reestablished until 1963. The club's members voted to change the club's bylaws in December 1977, allowing women to become members for the first time. The move was largely for economic reasons: to stay solvent, the club needed 3,500 "resident members"—defined as due paying members over 30 years old who lived or worked in a 35 mile (56 km) radius—but only had 2,000 such members at the time. The building was four blocks south of the World Trade Center, which had been destroyed in the attacks. The Downtown Athletic Club building was not damaged, but the building was part of an exclusion zone that the public could not enter for an extended period after the attacks. By November 2001, club officials were still hoping to reopen the club in January 2002, although there was an $8.3 million mortgage due to be paid that August. Furthermore, the building needed another $20–30 million for renovation, yet few club members were able to provide funds, and the club was accumulating debt quickly, losing $100,000 a month. The structure's amenities included a fitness center, lounge with pool table, and outdoor terrace. A preschool academy called the Learning Experience was also established in the ground floor.
Благодаря широкому спектру услуг, предлагаемых клубом, для поддержания прибыльности требовалось не менее 5000 членов, и большинство из них работали в финансовой или юридической сфере или в Нижнем Манхэттене. После краха Уолл-стрит в 1929 году многие представители этой демографической группы больше не могли позволить себе оплачивать членство. В августе 1936 года клуб заложил свою собственность, чтобы выплатить 260 000 долларов просроченной задолженности по налогам. Впоследствии в 1947 году здание было продано третьей стороне. Полный контроль над зданием был восстановлен только в 1963 году. В декабре 1977 года члены клуба проголосовали за изменение устава, впервые разрешив женщинам стать членами. Этот шаг был в основном обусловлен экономическими причинами: для поддержания платежеспособности клубу требовалось 3500 «действующих членов» – то есть членов старше 30 лет, которые платили взносы и жили или работали в радиусе 56 км, – но на тот момент их было всего 2000.
Interior designers Barnet Phillips and Duncan Hunter were responsible for the interior design. Christopher Gray of The New York Times said that "the scale and sophistication of the work made it one of the most developed Art Deco interiors in New York." by a group of lawyers led by Schuyler Van Vechten Hoffman. The Downtown Athletic Club had been organized as a men only club and would remain that way for the next 51 years. At the time, the club planned to build a 20 story structure. The Downtown Athletic Club already had 1,000 members when it formally announced plans for a clubhouse in February 1928. and Starrett & van Vleck were selected as the new clubhouse's architects. The limited amount of available space in Lower Manhattan required that the new clubhouse be a skyscraper. By November 1928 the plans called for a 17 story clubhouse; contracts for clearing the site of the future clubhouse were awarded the same month. By mid 1930, the building was almost completed and 3,500 people had submitted applications for membership. The new clubhouse opened in September 1930, with a special 3 day preview period before the building was turned over to the club. At this point, the club had 3,826 members, and he founded a touchdown club at the Downtown Athletic Club, which ultimately became popular. In 1935 club member Willard Prince suggested that the Downtown Athletic Club issue annual trophies for most outstanding college football player, and the first such trophy was awarded that year. the Downtown Athletic Club Trophy became the Heisman Trophy. Because of the Downtown Athletic Club's wide offerings, it needed at least 5,000 members to remain profitable, and most of its members worked in the financial or law industries or in lower Manhattan. In the aftermath of the Wall Street Crash of 1929, many people in that demographic could no longer pay for the cost of membership. In August 1936, the club mortgaged its property to pay $260,000 of back taxes. Subsequently, the building was sold to a third party in 1947. Full control of the building was not reestablished until 1963. The club's members voted to change the club's bylaws in December 1977, allowing women to become members for the first time. The move was largely for economic reasons: to stay solvent, the club needed 3,500 "resident members"—defined as due paying members over 30 years old who lived or worked in a 35 mile (56 km) radius—but only had 2,000 such members at the time. The building was four blocks south of the World Trade Center, which had been destroyed in the attacks. The Downtown Athletic Club building was not damaged, but the building was part of an exclusion zone that the public could not enter for an extended period after the attacks. By November 2001, club officials were still hoping to reopen the club in January 2002, although there was an $8.3 million mortgage due to be paid that August. Furthermore, the building needed another $20–30 million for renovation, yet few club members were able to provide funds, and the club was accumulating debt quickly, losing $100,000 a month. The structure's amenities included a fitness center, lounge with pool table, and outdoor terrace. A preschool academy called the Learning Experience was also established in the ground floor.
Здание находилось в четырех кварталах к югу от Всемирного торгового центра, который был разрушен в результате терактов. Здание Атлетического клуба не пострадало, но оказалось в зоне отчуждения, куда общественности был закрыт доступ на длительный период после терактов. К ноябрю 2001 года представители клуба все еще надеялись вновь открыть его в январе 2002 года, хотя в августе должен был быть погашен ипотечный кредит в размере 8,3 миллиона долларов. Кроме того, для ремонта здания требовалось еще 20–30 миллионов долларов, но лишь немногие члены клуба могли предоставить средства, и клуб быстро накапливал долги, теряя 100 000 долларов в месяц. Инфраструктура здания включала фитнес-центр, лаунж с бильярдным столом и открытую террасу. На первом этаже также была открыта дошкольная академия под названием Learning Experience.
Interior designers Barnet Phillips and Duncan Hunter were responsible for the interior design. Christopher Gray of The New York Times said that "the scale and sophistication of the work made it one of the most developed Art Deco interiors in New York." by a group of lawyers led by Schuyler Van Vechten Hoffman. The Downtown Athletic Club had been organized as a men only club and would remain that way for the next 51 years. At the time, the club planned to build a 20 story structure. The Downtown Athletic Club already had 1,000 members when it formally announced plans for a clubhouse in February 1928. and Starrett & van Vleck were selected as the new clubhouse's architects. The limited amount of available space in Lower Manhattan required that the new clubhouse be a skyscraper. By November 1928 the plans called for a 17 story clubhouse; contracts for clearing the site of the future clubhouse were awarded the same month. By mid 1930, the building was almost completed and 3,500 people had submitted applications for membership. The new clubhouse opened in September 1930, with a special 3 day preview period before the building was turned over to the club. At this point, the club had 3,826 members, and he founded a touchdown club at the Downtown Athletic Club, which ultimately became popular. In 1935 club member Willard Prince suggested that the Downtown Athletic Club issue annual trophies for most outstanding college football player, and the first such trophy was awarded that year. the Downtown Athletic Club Trophy became the Heisman Trophy. Because of the Downtown Athletic Club's wide offerings, it needed at least 5,000 members to remain profitable, and most of its members worked in the financial or law industries or in lower Manhattan. In the aftermath of the Wall Street Crash of 1929, many people in that demographic could no longer pay for the cost of membership. In August 1936, the club mortgaged its property to pay $260,000 of back taxes. Subsequently, the building was sold to a third party in 1947. Full control of the building was not reestablished until 1963. The club's members voted to change the club's bylaws in December 1977, allowing women to become members for the first time. The move was largely for economic reasons: to stay solvent, the club needed 3,500 "resident members"—defined as due paying members over 30 years old who lived or worked in a 35 mile (56 km) radius—but only had 2,000 such members at the time. The building was four blocks south of the World Trade Center, which had been destroyed in the attacks. The Downtown Athletic Club building was not damaged, but the building was part of an exclusion zone that the public could not enter for an extended period after the attacks. By November 2001, club officials were still hoping to reopen the club in January 2002, although there was an $8.3 million mortgage due to be paid that August. Furthermore, the building needed another $20–30 million for renovation, yet few club members were able to provide funds, and the club was accumulating debt quickly, losing $100,000 a month. The structure's amenities included a fitness center, lounge with pool table, and outdoor terrace. A preschool academy called the Learning Experience was also established in the ground floor.
Трофей Хейсмана
Ранее клуб «Донтаун Атлетик» вручал «Трофей Хейсмана» – ежегодное мероприятие, отмечающее лучшего игрока студенческого футбола Национальной студенческой спортивной ассоциации (NCAA). «Трофей Хейсмана» впервые был вручен в 1935 году и назван в честь бывшего спортивного директора Хейсмана. После закрытия района вокруг клуба после терактов 11 сентября и последовавшего за этим банкротства клуба, церемония вручения «Трофея Хейсмана» перемещалась в различные места, включая Йейлский клуб города Нью-Йорк и отель Hilton New York, прежде чем в 2005 году она была перенесена в Palladium Times Square. С момента банкротства клуба, распределением трофея занимается Heisman Trust.