Квебек: 1791–1840 годы

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This section of the Timeline of Quebec history concerns the events in British North America relating to what is the present day province of Quebec, Canada between the time of the Constitutional Act of 1791 and the Act of Union 1840.

1790 – The Dechristianisation of France during the French Revolution marks the beginning of a sharp tightening of the powers and influence of the Roman Catholic Church in Quebec that would last until 1960. 1791 The Constitutional Act is enacted by the British Parliament on June 10. 1792 The first elections of Lower Canada are held on June 11. 1792 The first session of the Parliament of Lower Canada opens on December 17. 1792 On December 18, Jean Antoine Panet is elected Speaker of the Legislative Assembly. 1792 Opening of the first post office in Montreal on December 20. 1793 Language debate at the Legislative Assembly of Quebec on January 21. 1793 On January 27, Lower Canada born Jean Basset presents a memoir to the National Convention in Revolutionary France in which he pleads for a reconquest of Canada. 1793 France declares war on England on February 8. 1793 Prorogation of the first session of the Parliament on May 9. 1793 On September 23, governor Dorchester demands that the Assembly punishes foreigners threatening the British government in Canada or any seditious citizen. 1793 In October, there are rumours that a French fleet is coming to retake Canada. 1793 The second session of the Parliament opens on November 11. 1795 Introduction of the first property tax in Lower Canada. 1796 The first county of the Eastern Townships, Dunham, is created. 1797 Robert Prescott becomes Governor General on April 27. 1798 Beginning of Irish immigration to Canada.

1800 Member of Parliament and Judge Pierre Amable de Bonne presents a draft bill to create the Royal Institute on February 7. 1803 Napoleon sells the Louisiana territory to the United States. (See the Louisiana Purchase). 1804 The taking down of Montreal's fortifications begin and last until 1809. 1804 The legislative assembly of Lower Canada votes to abolish slavery. 1805 Foundation of The Quebec Mercury (newspaper) by Thomas Cary, supporter of the British Tories. 1805 Joseph Octave Plessis becomes Bishop of Quebec. 1806 Pierre Stanislas Bédard and François Blanchet, members of the Parti Canadien, found the newspaper Le Canadien. 1807 Election of Ezekiel Hart in Trois Rivières during a by election on April 11. 1807 On August 29, James Henry Craig becomes governor of the British American colonies. 1808 On February 1, the Legislative Assembly of Quebec criticizes the swearing in of Ezekiel Hart because he is a Jew. 1808 The Legislative Assembly votes the expulsion of Ezekiel Hart on February 20. 1808 Louis Joseph Papineau and Denis Benjamin Viger are elected for the first time on April 27. They join the Parti Canadien. 1808 On June 14, the owners of the newspaper Le Canadien were demoted from their functions in the government. 1809 On April 18, the Legislative Assembly votes a resolution on the ineligibility of judges during elections. 1809 Governor Craig dissolves the Parliament on May 15. 1809 Elections on November 24.

1810 On February 13, the Legislative Assembly passes three addresses: one for the King, one for the House of Lords and one for the House of Commons to request control over the budget. 1810 On February 23, the Legislative Assembly of Quebec votes to expel the Member of Parliament and Judge Pierre Amable de Bonne. 1810 On March 10, Jonathan Sewell and Pierre Amable de Bonne found the newspaper Le Vrai Canadien which defends the policies of the government. 1810 On March 17, Governor James Craig stops the press of Le Canadien and arrests its owners on charges of treasonous writings 1810 On May 1, Governor Craig recommends to the British Parliament to unite Upper and Lower Canada. 1810 On September 10, New Spain (México) declares its Independence from Spain. 1811 Pierre Stanislas Bédard is released from prison in March after having been held for twelve months pending trial. 1811 On May 31, George Prevost becomes governor of Lower Canada. 1811 – The Parti Canadien chooses James Stuart to succeed Pierre Stanislas Bédard as party leader. 1811 Founding of the newspaper the Montreal Herald by William Grey. 1812 War of 1812: Second American invasion of Canada. 1815 On January 21, Louis Joseph Papineau is elected speaker of the Legislative Assembly. 1817 Founding of the Bank of Montreal. 1818 The frontier between British North America and the United States is established at the 49th northern parallel.

1820 A Union project is again discussed by London and the government of Lower Canada. 1821 McGill University obtains its royal charter. 1822 Lower Canadian British merchants and bureaucrats petition for the Union of Upper and Lower Canada into a single colony before the British Parliament in London. 1823 On May 10, Louis Joseph Papineau and John Neilson are in London to present a petition of 60,000 signatures against the Union project. 1824 Alexander Wolff (soldier) and his men arrive in Halifax to establish themselves on a land grant from England in CFB Valcartier where he became commander of the 11th Battalion of the Quebec Militia. 1825 Opening of the Lachine Canal. 1826 Ludger Duvernay, Auguste Norbert Morin, and Jacques Viger found the newspaper La Minerve. 1827 The Parti Canadien becomes the Parti patriote. 1827 The Parti Patriote sends a delegation of three Members of Parliament John Neilson, Denis Benjamin Viger and Augustin Cuvillier—to London with a petition of 87,000 names and a series of resolution passed by the Legislative Assembly. 1828 London appoints James Kempt to replace Dalhousie. 1828 On December 12, Daniel Tracey founds the newspaper The Irish Vindicator and Canada General Advertiser, which became The Montreal Vindicator soon after. 1829 McGill University begins instruction in 1829 with the Faculty of Medicine.

1830 Lord Matthew Aylmer is appointed Governor. 1830 The Port of Montreal is officially created. 1831 Alexis de Tocqueville, French aristocrat conservative political thinker and author of Democracy in America, spends a few days in the summer of 1831 in Lower Canada. 1831 Ludger Duvernay and Daniel Tracey are arrested and charged with sedition. 1831 Henry Musgrave Blaiklock designs the Marine and Emigrant Hospital of Quebec, a prime example of neoclassical architecture in Lower Canada. 1832 Daniel Tracey spends 35 days in prison in January for writing an editorial that encouraged physical attacks on members of the colonial government. 1832 During a by election in Montreal on May 21, rioting erupted and British soldiers opened fire on the crowd and killed three people. 1832 A first cholera epidemic kills 6,000 people. 1832 Following the 1808 expulsion of the Ezekiel Hart, a Jew, from the Legislative Assembly of Quebec, the assembly passes a law giving full political rights to the Jewish citizens of Lower Canada (the 1832 Emancipation Act), a first in the British Empire and some 27 years before Great Britain itself. 1833 Foundation of the Club des femmes patriotes (Patriot Women's Club). 1834 Foundation of the Saint Jean Baptiste Society on June 24. 1834 Foundation of the monarchist Quebec Constitutional Association. 1834 The Parti patriote is elected with a strong majority of the registered vote, taking 77 of 88 seats in the Legislative Assembly of Quebec. (L’élection générale de 1834 permet à la population bas canadienne de faire choix de quatre vingt huit députés, répartis sur un total de quarante six circonscriptions. /The general election of 1834 allowed voters of Lower Canada to choose 88 deputies, spread over a total of 46 constituencies.) 1834 The Legislative Assembly presents the Ninety Two Resolutions, a document requesting democratic reforms in Lower Canada. 1835 Founding of the monarchist Montreal Constitutional Association in January. 1835 Creation of the Union patriotique. 1835 Louis Michel Viger and Jacob De Witt found La Banque du Peuple. It becomes a chartered bank in 1844. 1836 Founding of the Doric Club, a reincarnation of the banned British Rifle Corp.
1836 The laws establishing the normal schools of the country are passed. They would have been the first secular, public, and free schools of Lower Canada. 1837 On March 6, the British Parliament resolutions arrive in Lower Canada, rejecting the major demands of the colonists, Prime Minister Russell believing it was impossible for a governor to be responsible to the sovereign and a local legislature at the same time. 1837 Foundation of the Comité central et permanent in April. 1837 Founded in August, the Société des Fils de la Liberté holds its first public assembly on September 5. 1837 Town Hall meetings are held throughout Lower Canada between May and November. 1837, November 6 The Doric Club members attack the Fils de la liberté, members of the Doric Club destroy the office of Thomas Storrow Brown at the Vindicator newspaper. 1837 On November 8, General John Colborne begins to recruit volunteers for militias which are placed under the command of lieutenant colonel Dyer. 1837 On November 16, Lord Gosford orders the arrest of 26 patriots leaders on charges of high treason. 1837 On November 23 British courier is killed in Saint Denis sur Richelieu in an attack by the Fils de la Liberté. 1837 Battle of Saint Denis on November 23. 1837 Battle of Saint Charles on November 25. 1837 Patriots take control of Saint Eustache on November 30. 1837 Proclamation of martial law in the district of Montreal on December 5. 1837 80 Patriots are forced to retreat at Moore's Corner near the American border on December 6. 1837 On December 13, General John Colborne, Lord Seaton, leaves Montreal for Saint Eustache leading 1,300 men. 1837 Battle of Saint Eustache on December 14. 1837 The British troops sacked and burned the villages of Saint Benoît and Saint Eustache. 1838 February 26, Robert Nelson, General of the Patriots, gathers between 600 and 700 volunteers, the Frères Chasseurs and American sympathisers launch an attack on the British in Lower Canada. 1838 Robert Nelson proclaims the independence of Lower Canada in Week's House on February 28. See the Déclaration d'indépendance du Bas Canada. 1838 The Constitutional Act is suspended on March 27. A Special Council is formed by London. 1838 The envoy of the British government, John George Lambton, Lord of Durham, arrives in Quebec City on May 27. 1838 Proclamation of amnesty for all prisoners, except eight who are exiled to Bermuda, on June 28. 1838 The Frères Chasseurs take positions in Beauharnois, Sainte Martine and Saint Mathias sur Richelieu on November 3. 1838 New proclamation of martial law on November 4. 1838 Battle of Lacolle on November 7. 1838 Battle of Odelltown on November 9. End of the Lower Canada Rebellion. 1838 Creation of a military court to judge 108 men. 1839 Publishing of the report of Lord Durham on February 11. 1839 Following a trial for treason and murder, 12 Patriots were hung at the Pied du Courant Prison on February 15. 1839 Charles Poulett Thomson, Lord Sydenham, succeeds Lord Durham as governor general of the Canadas.

1840 The Act of Union receives royal assent on July 23.