Введение
Британский медиевист (род. 1943) Томас Алан Шиппи (род. 9 сентября 1943) Подобно Дж. Р. Р. Толкину, Шиппи полюбил древнеанглийский, древнескандинавский, немецкий и латинский языки, а также регби.
Thomas Alan Shippey (born 9 September 1943)
Like J. R. R. Tolkien, Shippey became fond of Old English, Old Norse, German and Latin, and of playing rugby.
Средневековый
Шиппи стал младшим преподавателем в Бирмингемском университете, а затем членом колледжа Святого Иоанна в Оксфорде, где преподавал древнеанглийский и среднеанглийский языки. В 1996 году, после 14 лет работы в Лидсе, Шиппи был назначен на должность профессора гуманитарных наук имени Уолтера Дж. Онга в Колледже искусств и наук Университета Сент-Луиса, где он преподавал, проводил исследования и писал книги. Он опубликовал более 160 книг и статей (см. tomshippey.com для полного списка, многие из которых доступны онлайн), а также редактировал или был соредактором научных сборников, таких как "Беовульф: Критическое наследие" (1998) и "Теневые странники: Мифология чудовищного" Якоба Гримма (2005). Среди нескольких влиятельных статей о староанглийской поэме "Беовульф" – анализ ее принципов ведения беседы, широко цитируемое обсуждение "упорного парадокса" "Эпизода Модтрито" (Беовульф 1931b–1962), который, кажется, описывает жестокую иррациональную королеву, впоследствии ставшую образцовой женой, и анализ "Имена в англосаксонском языке и в "Беовульфе"", с особым вниманием к тем, которые не встречаются больше нигде. Он также писал о легендах об Артуре, включая их переосмысления в средневековой и современной литературе. Его средневековые исследования распространились вплоть до написания книги о жизни и смерти великих викингов "как воинов, захватчиков и грабителей", исследуя их "героическое мировоззрение" и особое внимание уделяя распространенному скандинавскому отсутствию чувства юмора. После выхода на пенсию и возвращения в Англию он продолжил свои исследования, см. uppsalabooks.com, где также перечислены многочисленные видеовыступления в социальных сетях, дополняющие те, что указаны на tomeshippey.com. Его выход на пенсию в 2008 году был отмечен фестшрифтом "Конструирование наций, Реконструкция мифа" под редакцией Эндрю Уэйна, Грэма Джонсона и Джона Уолтера, с участием бывших студентов и коллег. Его коллеги-толкинисты, включая Джанет Бреннан Крофт, Джона Д. Рэтелиффа, Верлина Флайера, Дэвида Братмана, Марджори Бернс и Ричарда К. Уэста, отметили его 70-летие еще одним фестшрифтом "Толкин в новом веке".
Since his retirement and his return to England, he has continued his research, see further uppsalabooks. com, which also lists a number of video appearances on social media, to add to those listed at tomeshippey. com. His retirement in 2008 was marked by a festschrift, Constructing Nations, Reconstructing Myth, edited by Andrew Wawn, Graham Johnson and John Walter, with contributions from former students and former colleagues. His Tolkien scholar colleagues including Janet Brennan Croft, John D. Rateliff, Verlyn Flieger, David Bratman, Marjorie Burns, and Richard C. West marked his 70th birthday with a further festschrift, Tolkien in the New Century,
Under the pseudonym of "John Holm", he was the co author, with Harry Harrison, of The Hammer and the Cross trilogy of alternate history novels, consisting of The Hammer and the Cross (1993), One King's Way (1995), and King and Emperor (1996). Shippey has edited both The Oxford Book of Science Fiction Stories, and The Oxford Book of Fantasy Stories. and still contributes literary reviews to the London Review of Books. He has given many invited lectures on Tolkien and other topics. Shippey comments on his interest in Tolkien that
Purely by accident, I followed in Tolkien's footsteps in several respects: as a schoolboy (we both went to King Edward's School, Birmingham), as rugby player (we both played for Old Edwardians), as a teacher at Oxford (I taught Old English for seven years at St. John's College, just overlapping with Tolkien's last years of retirement), and as Professor of English Language at Leeds (where I inherited Tolkien's chair and syllabus)." [[File:Tower, spires, chimneys, Woodhouse Lane, Leeds (Taken by Flickr user 28th January 2013). jpg|thumb|Both Shippey and J. R. R. Tolkien were professors at Leeds University, with offices near Woodhouse Lane (pictured), a placename that Shippey thought Tolkien would have taken as a trace of the woodwoses, the wild men of the woods. Shippey and Tolkien met later in 1972 when Shippey was invited for dinner by Norman Davis, who had succeeded Tolkien as the Merton Professor of English Language. When he became a Fellow of St. John's College that same year, Shippey taught Old and Middle English using Tolkien's syllabus. His first Tolkien book, The Road to Middle earth, was published in 1982. In this he attempted to set Tolkien in the tradition of comparative philology, a discipline founded by Jacob Grimm, which he regarded as the major source of Tolkien's inspiration. In 2000, however, he published Tolkien: Author of the Century, in which he attempted also to set Tolkien in the context of his own time: "writing fantasy, but voicing in that fantasy the most pressing and most immediately relevant issues of the whole monstrous twentieth century – questions of industrialised warfare, the origin of evil, the nature of humanity". This would include writers affected by war like Kurt Vonnegut, William Golding, and George Orwell. Road rigorously refutes what was then the long running literary hostility to Tolkien, and explains to instinctive lovers of Lord of the Rings why they are right to like it. It has been described as "the single best thing written on Tolkien", and "the seminal monograph". The book has received over 900 scholarly citations. Both Road and Author have been often reprinted and translated. As an acknowledged expert on Tolkien, Shippey served for a while on the editorial board of Tolkien Studies: An Annual Scholarly Review.
Под псевдонимом "Джон Холм" он был соавтором вместе с Гарри Харрисоном трилогии альтернативно-исторических романов "Молот и крест", состоящей из "Молота и креста" (1993), "Путем одного короля" (1995) и "Король и император" (1996). Шиппи редактировал как "Оксфордскую книгу научно-фантастических рассказов", так и "Оксфордскую книгу фэнтези". Он также продолжает писать литературные рецензии для "London Review of Books". Он читал множество приглашенных лекций о Толкине и других темах. Шиппи комментирует свой интерес к Толкину:
Since his retirement and his return to England, he has continued his research, see further uppsalabooks. com, which also lists a number of video appearances on social media, to add to those listed at tomeshippey. com. His retirement in 2008 was marked by a festschrift, Constructing Nations, Reconstructing Myth, edited by Andrew Wawn, Graham Johnson and John Walter, with contributions from former students and former colleagues. His Tolkien scholar colleagues including Janet Brennan Croft, John D. Rateliff, Verlyn Flieger, David Bratman, Marjorie Burns, and Richard C. West marked his 70th birthday with a further festschrift, Tolkien in the New Century,
Under the pseudonym of "John Holm", he was the co author, with Harry Harrison, of The Hammer and the Cross trilogy of alternate history novels, consisting of The Hammer and the Cross (1993), One King's Way (1995), and King and Emperor (1996). Shippey has edited both The Oxford Book of Science Fiction Stories, and The Oxford Book of Fantasy Stories. and still contributes literary reviews to the London Review of Books. He has given many invited lectures on Tolkien and other topics. Shippey comments on his interest in Tolkien that
Purely by accident, I followed in Tolkien's footsteps in several respects: as a schoolboy (we both went to King Edward's School, Birmingham), as rugby player (we both played for Old Edwardians), as a teacher at Oxford (I taught Old English for seven years at St. John's College, just overlapping with Tolkien's last years of retirement), and as Professor of English Language at Leeds (where I inherited Tolkien's chair and syllabus)." [[File:Tower, spires, chimneys, Woodhouse Lane, Leeds (Taken by Flickr user 28th January 2013). jpg|thumb|Both Shippey and J. R. R. Tolkien were professors at Leeds University, with offices near Woodhouse Lane (pictured), a placename that Shippey thought Tolkien would have taken as a trace of the woodwoses, the wild men of the woods. Shippey and Tolkien met later in 1972 when Shippey was invited for dinner by Norman Davis, who had succeeded Tolkien as the Merton Professor of English Language. When he became a Fellow of St. John's College that same year, Shippey taught Old and Middle English using Tolkien's syllabus. His first Tolkien book, The Road to Middle earth, was published in 1982. In this he attempted to set Tolkien in the tradition of comparative philology, a discipline founded by Jacob Grimm, which he regarded as the major source of Tolkien's inspiration. In 2000, however, he published Tolkien: Author of the Century, in which he attempted also to set Tolkien in the context of his own time: "writing fantasy, but voicing in that fantasy the most pressing and most immediately relevant issues of the whole monstrous twentieth century – questions of industrialised warfare, the origin of evil, the nature of humanity". This would include writers affected by war like Kurt Vonnegut, William Golding, and George Orwell. Road rigorously refutes what was then the long running literary hostility to Tolkien, and explains to instinctive lovers of Lord of the Rings why they are right to like it. It has been described as "the single best thing written on Tolkien", and "the seminal monograph". The book has received over 900 scholarly citations. Both Road and Author have been often reprinted and translated. As an acknowledged expert on Tolkien, Shippey served for a while on the editorial board of Tolkien Studies: An Annual Scholarly Review.
"Чисто случайно я во многом последовал по стопам Толкина: как школьник (мы оба учились в школе короля Эдуарда в Бирмингеме), как регбист (мы оба играли за "Старых Эдуардианцев"), как преподаватель в Оксфорде (я преподавал древнеанглийский в течение семи лет в колледже Святого Иоанна, частично перекрываясь с последними годами пребывания Толкина на пенсии), и как профессор английского языка в Лидсе (где я унаследовал его кафедру и учебный план)." [[Файл:Tower, spires, chimneys, Woodhouse Lane, Leeds (Taken by Flickr user 28th January 2013). jpg|thumb|И Шиппи, и Дж. Р. Р. Толкин были профессорами в Лидском университете, с кабинетами недалеко от Вудхаус-Лейн (на фотографии), название места, которое Шиппи считал, что Толкин воспринял бы как след от вудвозов, диких лесных людей. Шиппи и Толкин встретились позже в 1972 году, когда Шиппи был приглашен на ужин Норманом Дэвисом, который сменил Толкина на посту профессора английского языка в Мертоне. Когда в том же году он стал членом колледжа Святого Иоанна, Шиппи преподавал древнеанглийский и среднеанглийский, используя учебный план Толкина. Его первая книга о Толкине, "Дорога в Средиземье", была опубликована в 1982 году. В ней он попытался поместить Толкина в традицию сравнительной филологии, дисциплины, основанной Якобом Гриммом, которую он считал основным источником вдохновения Толкина. Однако в 2000 году он опубликовал "Толкин: Автор века", в котором также попытался рассмотреть Толкина в контексте своего времени: "писать фэнтези, но выражать в этом фэнтези самые острые и наиболее актуальные вопросы всего чудовищного двадцатого века – вопросы индустриализированной войны, происхождения зла, природы человечества". Это включает в себя писателей, пострадавших от войны, таких как Курт Воннегут, Уильям Голдинг и Джордж Оруэлл. "Дорога" решительно опровергает давнюю литературную враждебность к Толкину и объясняет инстинктивным поклонникам "Властелина колец", почему они правы, любя его. Она была описана как "лучшая вещь, написанная о Толкине", и "фундаментальная монография". Книга получила более 900 научных цитирований. И "Дорога", и "Автор" неоднократно переиздавались и переводились. Как признанный эксперт по Толкину, Шиппи некоторое время был членом редколлегии "Tolkien Studies: An Annual Scholarly Review".
Since his retirement and his return to England, he has continued his research, see further uppsalabooks. com, which also lists a number of video appearances on social media, to add to those listed at tomeshippey. com. His retirement in 2008 was marked by a festschrift, Constructing Nations, Reconstructing Myth, edited by Andrew Wawn, Graham Johnson and John Walter, with contributions from former students and former colleagues. His Tolkien scholar colleagues including Janet Brennan Croft, John D. Rateliff, Verlyn Flieger, David Bratman, Marjorie Burns, and Richard C. West marked his 70th birthday with a further festschrift, Tolkien in the New Century,
Under the pseudonym of "John Holm", he was the co author, with Harry Harrison, of The Hammer and the Cross trilogy of alternate history novels, consisting of The Hammer and the Cross (1993), One King's Way (1995), and King and Emperor (1996). Shippey has edited both The Oxford Book of Science Fiction Stories, and The Oxford Book of Fantasy Stories. and still contributes literary reviews to the London Review of Books. He has given many invited lectures on Tolkien and other topics. Shippey comments on his interest in Tolkien that
Purely by accident, I followed in Tolkien's footsteps in several respects: as a schoolboy (we both went to King Edward's School, Birmingham), as rugby player (we both played for Old Edwardians), as a teacher at Oxford (I taught Old English for seven years at St. John's College, just overlapping with Tolkien's last years of retirement), and as Professor of English Language at Leeds (where I inherited Tolkien's chair and syllabus)." [[File:Tower, spires, chimneys, Woodhouse Lane, Leeds (Taken by Flickr user 28th January 2013). jpg|thumb|Both Shippey and J. R. R. Tolkien were professors at Leeds University, with offices near Woodhouse Lane (pictured), a placename that Shippey thought Tolkien would have taken as a trace of the woodwoses, the wild men of the woods. Shippey and Tolkien met later in 1972 when Shippey was invited for dinner by Norman Davis, who had succeeded Tolkien as the Merton Professor of English Language. When he became a Fellow of St. John's College that same year, Shippey taught Old and Middle English using Tolkien's syllabus. His first Tolkien book, The Road to Middle earth, was published in 1982. In this he attempted to set Tolkien in the tradition of comparative philology, a discipline founded by Jacob Grimm, which he regarded as the major source of Tolkien's inspiration. In 2000, however, he published Tolkien: Author of the Century, in which he attempted also to set Tolkien in the context of his own time: "writing fantasy, but voicing in that fantasy the most pressing and most immediately relevant issues of the whole monstrous twentieth century – questions of industrialised warfare, the origin of evil, the nature of humanity". This would include writers affected by war like Kurt Vonnegut, William Golding, and George Orwell. Road rigorously refutes what was then the long running literary hostility to Tolkien, and explains to instinctive lovers of Lord of the Rings why they are right to like it. It has been described as "the single best thing written on Tolkien", and "the seminal monograph". The book has received over 900 scholarly citations. Both Road and Author have been often reprinted and translated. As an acknowledged expert on Tolkien, Shippey served for a while on the editorial board of Tolkien Studies: An Annual Scholarly Review.
Семейная жизнь
Шиппи женился на Сьюзан Вил в 1966 году; после развода он женился на Кэтрин Элизабет Бартон в 1993 году. У него трое детей.