Гайидегі Хинш қаласының тарихы мен мәдениеті

Hinche (ɛ̃ʃ; ; lang es) is a commune in the Centre department of Haiti. It has a population of about 50,000. It is the capital of the Centre department. Hinche is the hometown of Charlemagne Péralte, the Haitian nationalist leader who resisted the United States occupation of Haiti that lasted between 1915–1934.

The island of Hispaniola was discovered by the navigator Christopher Columbus in 1492. The original population of the island, the Tainos, were gradually destroyed by the Spanish conquistadors. The village of Hincha was founded in 1704, by Spanish settlers from the Canary Islands. In 1739 its population was about 500, which by 1760 had grown to 3,092 people, of whom 1,443 were slaves. By 1783 its population had dropped to 2,993, due to the founding of San Rafael de La Angostura and San Miguel de la Atalaya

Its economy primarily focused on exporting beef to the incipient French colony of Saint Domingue, where the meat was 750% more expensive. In 1776, the governors of Saint Domingue and Santo Domingo agreed in San Miguel de la Atalaya to the creation of a joint commission that would draw the border between the two colonies. The following year, Spain and France signed the Treaty of Aranjuez (1777), and the border between the Spanish and French colonies was plotted.

On 1 December 1821 it was declared in Santo Domingo the independence of the Republic of Spanish Haiti by José Núñez de Cáceres. After this Jean Pierre Boyer invaded the Spanish side of the island. Haiti ruled this whole island for 22 years. In 1844 the former Spanish Haiti declared its independence and became the Dominican Republic. Hinche is the native town of Pedro Santana, first President of the Dominican Republic, as well of José de Guzmán, 1st Viscount of San Rafael de la Angostura, and Charlemagne Péralte, Haitian nationalist leader of Dominican origin who resisted the occupation of Haiti by the United States (1915–1934).

On 18 March 2016, at least 7 people were killed and 30 injured in Henche when a fuel truck exploded while delivering fuel to a Total station in the city. Four homes and 22 vehicles were also destroyed in the accident.

The official religion is Roman Catholicism, but the constitution allows the free choice of religion. There are also many non Catholic Christian churches in the city and the surrounding communities. Groups, like the Haiti Endowment Fund (HEF) of Southern California send medical missionaries several times a year to provide medicines and basic healthcare. HEF has also helped build community churches. Some of the people also practice vodou.

The cuisine is Créole, French, or a mixture of both. Créole cuisine is like other Caribbean cuisines, but more peppery. Specialties include griot (deep fried pieces of pork), lambi (conch, considered an aphrodisiac), tassot (jerked beef) and rice with djon djon (tiny, dark mushrooms). As elsewhere in the Caribbean, lobster is well known here. A wide range of microclimates produces a large assortment of fruits and vegetables. Vegetarians will have a difficult time here, because pig fat is often used in food preparation, so even beans are to be avoided. The people enjoy a strong, sweet coffee—Rebo is one brand. The Barbancourt rum is also popular. Interesting cuisine related features of Hinche, include a market and the "Foyer d’Accueil", an unmarked guesthouse above a school that is behind a blue and white church on the eastside of the main square.

In the wake of 12 January 2010, while no casualties or serious damage were reported in Hinche, thousands of refugees began pouring into the town.

Hinche can be accessed by road or plane. It has one of the major Haitian airports which has a dirt runway that will allow a small Cessna and single engine planes to land. Usually, these flights are chartered from Port au Prince. Mission Aviation Fellowship offers charter flights to Hinche. East of Hinche, Bassin Zim is a 20 m waterfall in a lush setting, a 30 minute drive from town. In the city you will also find the Cathédrale de Sacré Coeur.

Route Nationale 3, the 128 km semi dirt road northeast from Port au Prince to Hinche requires a four wheel drive and takes at least two hours (much longer by public transport). 100 percent of this road is now paved. It starts by crossing the Cul de Sac plain via Croix des Bouquets. Here, Route Nationale 8, a newly improved road, branches off southeast through a parched, barren region, skirting Lake Saumâtre before reaching the Dominican border at Malpasse. Mission Aviation Fellowship charters flights to the airport in town Hinche Airport. Before a flight comes in livestock and people must be cleared from the airstrip. The airport is located right near center city and right across the street is the hospital. The RN3 heads north out of Mirebalais on to the Central Plateau, where the military crackdown was especially harsh after the 1991 Haitian coup d'état because peasant movements had been pressing for change here for years. After skirting the Peligre Hydroelectric Dam, now silted up and almost useless, the road passes Thomonde and reaches this city.