Күчхи тілі: тарихы, таралуы және ерекшеліктері

Indo Aryan language spoken in India and Pakistan

Kutchi ('/k//ʌ//tʃ//i/; કચ્છી, , ڪڇّي) or Kachhi is an Indo Aryan language spoken in the Kutch region of India and Sindh region of Pakistan.

Some scholars have considered Kutchi to be a dialect of Sindhi, but the two languages are quite distinct from one another. Over time, it has borrowed vocabulary from Gujarati. The variety of Kutchi spoken in Sindh and in the Banni region of Kutch is more similar to the Lari dialect of Sindhi, whereas the Kutchi spoken in the eastern parts of Kutch has more Gujarati influence, and is slowly becoming more similar to Gujarati. Most Kutchis living in India are bilingual or trilingual, due to exposure to closely related neighbouring languages such as Gujarati. Many Pakistani Kutchis are also bilingual or trilingual; many residents of Karachi speak Kutchi. Its differences from neighbouring languages are more pronounced in its spoken varieties, but it has many loans from Gujarati, Marwari (a major western Rajasthani language) and Hindi Urdu as well. Major Kutchi speaking communities include Charans, Jadeja, Bhanushalis, Lohanas, Brahmins (Rajgor), Meghwals, Visa Oswal and Dasa Osval (Oshwal) Jains, followers of Satpanth, Bhatias, Rabaris and various Muslim communities in the region, including the Muslim Kutchi Khatris, the Muslim Khojas, the Muslim Rajput Rayma and Kutchi Memons. By way of emigration during the British reign, many members of the Kutchi communities left India / Pakistan and settled in regions of East Africa such as Kenya, Somalia, Tanzania, Uganda, Zaire/Congo, and even as far south as South Africa. The landing point of entry into Africa was in Zanzibar which was a trading post of goods between India and East Africa in the late 1800s. Asians in this region of Africa often adopted Swahili words and phrases into their language, producing a creole language called Kutchi Swahili.

Kutchi is normally written using a modified version of the Gujarati script. There are examples of the Kutchi script in the Kutch Museum, though the script is believed to be now extinct.