Ирактағы ежелгі Опис қаласының орны

Iraqi archaeological site

Opis (Akkadian Upî or Upija; Ὦπις) was an ancient Near East city near the Tigris, not far from modern Baghdad. The equivalence of Opis and Upi are now usually assumed but not yet proven. Early on it was thought that the ideogram for Upi might refer to Kesh or Akshak. Its location is not yet known with certainty though Tall al Mujailāt has been proposed. That site has also been suggested as the location of the ancient city of Akshak.

Akkadian and Greek texts indicate that it was located on the east side of the Tigris, near the Diyala River. The precise site of the city has been uncertain for a long time, though at one point thought to be near or under the city of Seleucia. The site of Tel Abir was also proposed as the location of Opis. Recent geographical surveys of ancient Mesopotamia tentatively identify Opis with the mound called Tall al Mujailāt (also Tulūl al Mujaili` or Tulūl Mujaili` or el Mjel'aat), 20 miles southeast of the modern city of Baghdad, 15 kilometers north of ancient Ctesiphon, and 47 miles northeast of ancient Babylon. The site has an extent of 500 meters by 200 meters with a maximum height of 6.5 meters above the plain. Surface material showed occupation from the Early Dynastic through the Neo Babylonian periods. A Kudurru dated to the 13th year of Second Dynasty of Isin ruler Marduk nadin ahhe (c. 1095–1078 BC) was found at Tulūl al Mujaili`. It was recorded at "the city Opis". The land in question was part of the city of Dur Sharrkin "Fortress of Sargon" (location unknown). Not to be confused with the much later Neo Assyrian fortress.