Доменико Гримани: Венециандық ақсүйек, теолог және кардинал

Italian nobleman, theologian and cardinal

Domenico Grimani (22 February 1461 – 27 August 1523) was an Italian nobleman, theologian and cardinal. Like most noble churchman of his era Grimani was an ecclesiastical pluralist, holding numerous posts and benefices. Desiderius Erasmus dedicated his Musica to Grimani.

Born in Venice, he was the eldest of five sons of Antonio Grimani, Doge of Venice from 1521 to 1523, and his wife Catarina Loredan. He exhibited an early predilection for humanist studies, which was encouraged by teachers in his native Venice. Subsequently, in the ambit of the Medicean academy in Florence, he moved in the circle of Lorenzo de' Medici, among scholars like Pico della Mirandola and Poliziano. He obtained a doctorate in canon law at the University of Padua on 23 October 1487, and was elected a Senator of Venice that same year. Grimani was ordained a priest in 1498. In 1503, he became Cardinal priest of San Marco Evangelista al Campidoglio, Rome. After a period as apostolic administrator in Nicosia, starting from 1497 he was Patriarch of Aquileia, a position he abandoned in favour of his nephew Marino (later also cardinal) in 1517. In 1508 he was named cardinal bishop of Albano, and was also the administrator of the diocese of Urbino (from 1514) and bishop of Ceneda (1517 1520). Grimani was already ill in the 1521 conclave, and died a year and a half later; he was buried in the church of Santi Giovanni e Paolo, Rome, but later his remains were moved to San Francesco della Vigna.

Grimani was a noted art collector, owning works by artists such as Leonardo da Vinci, Giorgione, Titian, Hans Memling, Hieronymus Bosch, Raphael and others: his collection now forms part of the Museo d'Antichità in the Doge's Palace in Venice, while several of his codexes are in the Archbishop's Library at Udine. The Grimani Breviary, now in the Biblioteca Marciana of Venice, is a key work in the late history of Flemish illuminated manuscripts. It was produced in Ghent and Bruges ca 1515 1520 and by 1520 owned, though possibly not originally commissioned, by Domenico Grimani. Several leading artists, including Simon Bening and Gerard David contributed some of their finest work to it. The cardinal left his collection of Hebrew, Greek, and Latin manuscripts to the religious community at S. Antonio di Castello. Many ancient sculptures were found on land the family had purchased on the Quirinal Hill, once site of an ancient Roman bath and garden. Grimani also wrote several theological treatises, and translated John Chrysostom's homilies.