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The following list of disasters in Great Britain and Ireland is a list of major disasters (excluding acts of war) which relate to the United Kingdom, Ireland or the Isle of Man, or to the states that preceded them, or that involved their citizens, in a definable incident or accident such as a shipwreck, where the loss of life was forty or more.

Deaths inItalics indicate an estimated figure Event Year Notes 3,500,000 Black Death pandemic 1347–1350 See discussion of death toll estimates at the death toll section 1,000,000 to 1,500,000 Great Irish Famine 1845–1849 See discussion of death toll estimates at the death toll section 300,000 to 480,000 Great Irish Famine of 1740–41 (The Great Frost) 1740–1741 Some estimates indicate a death toll as high as 500,000 from starvation and disease. 250,000 1918 influenza pandemic 1918 (Sep–Nov) An estimated 200,000 people died in England and Wales. Although the official number of deaths in Scotland due to the pandemic is 17,575, a modern estimate of total pandemic mortality in Scotland is between 27,641 and 33,771. About 20,000 died in Ireland. (estimate for UK only)COVID 19 pandemic in the United Kingdom and COVID 19 pandemic in the Republic of Ireland2020–presentThe COVID 19 pandemic caused a worldwide death toll of 6.9 million people. 200,000+ 1557 influenza pandemic 1557–1561 From 1557 to 1559 the population contracted by 2%. 150,000+ Seven ill years 1695–99 The last major famine to occur in Scotland. Marked by large scale migration, especially to Ireland 125,000 1889–1890 flu pandemic 1889–1893 Influenza pandemic originating from St Petersburg, Russia. 100,000+ Sweating sickness (sudor anglicus) 1485 ff. Mysterious disease which killed tens of thousands of people in each of its five outbreaks before disappearing. 80,000 Hong Kong flu pandemic 1968–1970 Influenza pandemic. Figure for UK deaths only. 78,319+ Third cholera pandemic 1848–1854 First cases in Edinburgh in October 1848. Major outbreaks across Britain, including the famous 1854 Broad Street cholera outbreak, where John Snow was able to identify contaminated water as being the source of the disease. Estimate is for deaths in Great Britain only. 75,000+ Great Plague of London 1665–1666 The last major epidemic of the bubonic plague to occur in England. 65,000 Year Without a Summer 1816 Famine and typhoid fever in Ireland and food riots in England and France, caused by the 1815 eruption of Mount Tambora affecting the weather. 60,000 1847–48 influenza pandemic 1847–1848 Worldwide influenza outbreak. 52,627 1870–1875 Europe smallpox epidemic 1870–1875 Mortality figure for England and Scotland only. The epidemic started during the Franco Prussian War, and spread throughout Europe. 41,644+ 1837–1840 smallpox epidemic 1837–1840 Especially severe smallpox epidemic. 40,000 1603 London plague epidemic 1603 Bubonic plague epidemic in London. 40,000 1775–1776 England Influenza outbreak 1775–1776 Unusually deadly influenza epidemic. 35,417 1625 London plague epidemic 1625 Bubonic plague epidemic in London. 33,000 "Laki haze" 1783–1784 (Jun–Feb) Eruption of a volcano in Iceland sent a huge toxic gas cloud across Britain, killing thousands. 20,000 1235 famine 1235 London badly affected; many resort to eating tree bark for survival. 19,900+ 1592–93 London plague 1592–1593 Bubonic plague epidemic in London. 17,000+ 1257 Samalas eruption 1258 Crop failures and famines caused by the 1257 Samalas eruption in Indonesia affecting the weather; around 15,000 die in London. 15,785 to 16,447 HIV/AIDS pandemic 1979–present Approximately 12,105 had died in the UK by 1996. Between 1997 and 2012, 2,450 died of AIDS related illness in England and Wales. Between 2013 and 2018, approximately 832–1,494 died because of HIV/AIDS in the UK. About 398 died in Ireland by 2005. 15,548+ Fourth cholera pandemic 1865–1873 Major outbreaks in 1865 and 1866. Smaller outbreaks in Scotland in 1873. 8,000 Great Storm of 1703 1703 (26 November) Atlantic hurricane across southern England and the English Channel, deaths chiefly at sea, including 1083 in naval ships wrecked on Goodwin Sands 7,600 Winter of 1894–95 1894–1895 (December–February) An 8 week period of severe cold weather with a weekly death rate of around 950. 6,500+ 1729 Influenza epidemic 1729 (September–December) Influenza outbreak with very high mortality rates. 5,000+ 1836–37 influenza pandemic 1836–1837 Influenza outbreak with high mortality rates. 5,000+ Great Famine (14th century) 1315–1317 4,000 to 12,000 Great Smog of London 1952 (December) 4,000 1911 United Kingdom heat wave 1911 (July–September) Newspapers ran "deaths from heat" columns. 3,500+ 1782 Central Atlantic hurricane 1782 (16–17 Sep) Loss of HMS Ramillies, HMS Centaur; storeships Dutton and British Queen; captured French prize ships Ville de Paris, Glorieux, Hector and Caton; plus other merchantmen. 3,200+ The encephalitis lethargica pandemic of 1915–1926 1917–1924 Some victims were left in a statue like condition, and many of those who survived never returned to their pre existing "aliveness"; it is thought that the Spanish flu pandemic, which coincided with the encephalitis pandemic, contributed to the seriousness of the disease 3,000+ Tainted blood scandal 1970s–1980s (deaths up to decades later) Importing and use of blood products known to be contaminated with HIV, Hepatitis B, C & E. People continue to die up to the present time. 3,000 1212 Great Fire of London 1212 (10 July) Source for fatalities is the Guinness Book of Records but historical evidence unclear 3,000 1976 British Isles heat wave 1976 (23 June – 27 August) At the time the hottest summer in central England in 250 years 2,985 2022 European heatwave 2022 saw five distinct extreme heat periods between 16 June and 25 August The summer of 2022 saw the highest ever recorded temperature in England at 40.3C 2,323 2006 European heat wave 2006 (26 June – 30 July) 2,234  2003 European heat wave 2003 (4–13 August) 2,200 1880 London coal smog 1880 2,000+ 1540 European drought, 1540–1541 great heat and drought, 1540 also known as the 'Big Sun Year' 1540–1541 Heat and drought caused freshwater from the Thames to shrink to such an unprecedented extent that seawater flowed on the tide past London Bridge, polluting the water supply. The resulting dysentery and cholera killed 'thousands'. 2,000 Bristol Channel floods 1607 (30 January) 1,900+ Christmas Eve storm 1811 (24 December) Wrecks , and off Thorsminde, Jutland; and and the transport Archimedes off Texel, Netherlands 1,550+ Scilly naval disaster 1707 (22 October) HMS Association, , and 1,500+ Peasants' Revolt 1381 (30 May–November) Peasants protest against poll taxes, serfdom and the socio economic tensions generated by the Black Death pandemic. Some march on London demanding reform, and after initial successes are brutally suppressed. 1,500+ RMS Titanic 1912 (15 April) Estimates vary but most official sources and historians put the death toll at upwards of 1500. 1,200 Strait of Gibraltar storm 1694 (1 March) Storm off Winterton Ness 1692 200 colliers wrecked off the Norfolk coast 1,000 1956 London smog 1956 (December) 1,000 1867 San Narciso hurricane 1867 (29 October) Up to 50 UK vessels driven ashore on Saint Thomas, Danish West Indies, including and RMS Wye (180 deaths between these) 1,000 Great Hurricane of 1780 in the Caribbean 1780 (10 October) Royal Navy ships lost included HMS Stirling Castle, HMS Laurel, HMS Andromeda, HMS Thunderer and HMS Phoenix

Deaths inItalics indicate an estimated figure Event Year Notes 908 2016 heat wave 2016 (September) Included the hottest September day in the UK since 1911 and HMS Harwich killing 600 + 300 respectively 900 HMS Victory (1737) 1744 (3 October) Wrecked on the Casquets in the Channel Islands 892 2019 European heatwaves 2019 (July–August) Temperatures were as high as 38.7C in Cambridge, the highest temperature ever recorded in the UK at the time 890+ Quebec Expedition disaster 1711 (22 August) Seven transport ships and one storeship wrecked in thick fog on the Saint Lawrence River, Canada 863 779 1892 London smog 1892 (December) Excess deaths from air pollution 778 1948 London smog 1948 (26 November – 1 December) Excess deaths from air pollution 699 HMS Ramillies 1760 (15 February) Ran aground off Bolt Head, Devon 690 HMS Queen Charlotte fire 1800 (17 March) Exploded in the Tuscan Archipelago 646 SS Mendi 1917 (21 February) Rammed by SS Darro off the Isle of Wight 640 disaster 1878 (3 September) Collision with the Bywell Castle in the River Thames near Woolwich (Estimates vary, but most historians put the death toll as between 600 and 700) 635 SS Norge shipwreck 1904 (28 June) Danish ship ran aground off Rockall 619 1995 Great Britain and Ireland heat wave 1995 (28 June – 22 August) The hottest August on record in England and Wales since 1659 612 Tramore storm 1816 (30 January) Wrecks the ships Sea Horse, Boadicea and Lord Melville 600+ an unidentified troop ship 1796 (23 January) Shipwreck possibly one of Admiral Christian's West Indies convoy wrecked on Loe Bar, Cornwall 564 SS Utopia disaster 1891 (17 March) British ship carrying (mostly) Italian migrants in collision with HMS Anson off Gibraltar 546 1873 (1 April) White Star liner struck rocks off Nova Scotia 540 to 760 2013 Great Britain and Ireland heat wave 2013 (July) Estimate for UK deaths only 531+ 1623–24 famine 1623–1624 East Lancashire badly affected; said to be the last peace time famine in England. 531 1953 North Sea storm and flood 1953 (31 Jan1 Feb) Included the ferry MV Princess Victoria 520 HMS Namur 1749 (14 April) Wrecked in a storm near Fort St. David, India 500 HMS Minotaur 1810 (22 December) Wrecked on Haak Bank near Texel, Netherlands 500 "Black Monday" 1209 (Easter Monday) Massacre of English settlers by Irish clans, near Ranelagh, Dublin 491 HMS York 1804 (Jan) Struck the Inchcape rock and sank with the loss of her entire crew 481 HMS Captain 1870 (7 September) Sank off Cape Finisterre, Spain, due to design flaws 480 SS City of Glasgow 1854 (March) Disappeared after leaving Liverpool for Philadelphia 473 Cospatrick 1874 (18 November) Caught fire in the South Atlantic 464 HMS Courageux 1796 (18 December) Shipwrecked at Apes' Hill, Barbary Coast (now Monte Hacho, Ceuta, Africa) 457 2009 swine flu pandemic 2009–2010 Global influenza pandemic, the second involving the influenza A virus subtype H1N1 after the Spanish flu 454 Vryheid 1802 (23 November) Formerly Melville Castle, shipwrecked in a gale off the Kent coast between Hythe and Dymchurch; 18 of 472 on board survived 450 HMS Birkenhead 1852 (25 February) Shipwrecked near Cape Town 450 Royal Charter (ship) 1859 (26 October) Wrecked off Dulas Bay, Anglesey 439 Senghenydd colliery disaster 1913 (14 October) Gas explosion at the Universal Colliery, Senghenydd, Caerphilly, Glamorganshire, Britain's worst mining accident 431 HMS Otranto 1918 (6 October) Shipwrecked off Islay. 351 United States troops and 80 crew perished 424 Pomona 1859 (30 April) American ship carrying, mainly Irish, emigrants from Liverpool to New York, wrecked on a sandbank at Ballyconigar, off Wexford, Ireland 421 HMS Natal 1915 (30 December) Magazine explosion. Precise number of deaths disputed; 421 is highest estimate 400+ Sinking of Rochdale and Prince of Wales 1807 (20 November) Ships carrying troops leaving Dublin for the Napoleonic Wars 400+ HMS Invincible 1801 (16 March) Sank off Norfolk while en route to the Battle of Copenhagen 400 HMS Winchester 1695 (1 September) Shipwrecked on a reef off Key Largo, Florida 400 Cataraqui 1845 (4 August) Shipwrecked off King Island (Tasmania) 384 Annie Jane 1853 (28 September) Emigrant ship out of Liverpool, wrecked on Vatersay in the Outer Hebrides of Scotland 361 The Oaks explosion 1866 (12 December) Colliery disaster, Barnsley, Yorkshire (383 claimed but not verified) 380 Mary Rose 1545 (18 July) Warship sank in action off Portsmouth 379 1943 (27 March) Aircraft carrier: accidental fuel explosion in Firth of Clyde 374 Driver 1856 (February) American clipper ship carrying migrants to the US out of Liverpool, disappeared while crossing the Atlantic Ocean 372 Arniston 1815 (30 May) Wrecked at Waenhuiskrans, South Africa 369 Queen 1814 (14 Jan) Wrecked in Carrick Roads, Cornwall 360+ Elizabeth 1810 (27 December) Chartered East Indiaman wrecked off Dunkirk 358 HMS Victoria 1893 (22 June) Rammed by HMS Camperdown in the Mediterranean Sea 352 HMS Princess Irene 1915 (27 May) Explosion while on the River Medway, Sheerness 349 HMS Sceptre 1799 (5 November) Wrecked during a storm in Table Bay, near the Cape of Good Hope 347 1806 (20 October) Wrecked off Tunisia; 100 survivors crammed into the ship's launch 344 Pretoria Pit Disaster 1910 (21 December) Underground explosion at the Hulton Bank Colliery, Westhoughton, Lancashire 340 Aeneas 1805 (23 October) Troopship wrecked on the Îles aux Mortes along the Canadian coastline while carrying troops to Quebec 338 HMS Curaçao 1942 (2 October) Light cruiser run down and cut in two by north of Ireland 335 1875 (7 May) German liner wrecked off the Isles of Scilly 329 Air India Flight 182 1985 (23 June) Act of terror: destroyed by a bomb, crashed into the Atlantic Ocean while in Irish airspace 317 1878 (22 March) Sank off the Isle of Wight; commemorated by Gerard Manley Hopkins in the poem "The Loss of the Eurydice" 316+ Sybelle 1834 (11 September) Emigrant ship out of Cromarty wrecked off St. Paul Island (Nova Scotia) 303 Kapunda 1887 (20 January) Emigrant ship out of London, collided with the barque Ada Melmore off Brazil 300 to 400 285 Gordon Riots 1780 (2–13 June) Rioters shot by troops 281 HMS Atalanta 1880 (31 January) HMS Eurydice's sister ship, disappeared after leaving Bermuda bound for Falmouth, Cornwall 276 VOC Hollandia 1743 (13 June) Shipwrecked off Annet, Isles of Scilly 270 Great Sheffield Flood 1864 (11 March) Caused by collapse of Dale Dike Reservoir during its first filling 270 Pan Am Flight 103 1988 (21 December) Blown apart at 31,000 ft over Lockerbie, Scotland, by terrorist bomb in hold 268 Abercarn colliery disaster 1878 (11 September) Mining disaster at Abercarn, Monmouthshire 266 Gresford Disaster 1934 (22 September) Mining accident near Wrexham, North Wales 260 Earl of Abergavenny 1805 (5 February) East Indiaman shipwrecked off Portland Bill 253 HMS Saldanha 1811 (4 December) Shipwrecked during gale off Lough Swilly, Donegal, Ireland 250+ Night of the Big Wind 1839 (6–7 January) A severe windstorm sweeps across Ireland causing flooding and other damage 250+ RMS Royal Adelaide 1850 (30 March) Irish paddle steamer shipwrecked on Tongue Sands off Margate, Kent 247 East Indiaman Doddington 1755 (17 July) Shipwrecked in Algoa Bay, South Africa 246 HMS Avenger 1847 (20 December) Wrecked off the Galite Islands, Tunisia 241 Exmouth 1847 (28 April) Shipwrecked off Islay 240 HMS Lutine 1799 (9 October) Shipwrecked off Vlieland 238 MV Dara 1961 (8 April) British India Steam Navigation Company passenger liner evacuated in the Persian Gulf off Dubai following explosion and fire 237 SS Anglo Saxon 1863 (27 April) Canadian ship wrecked in dense fog off Cape Race, Newfoundland, Canada on passage from Liverpool 228 HMS Tribune 1797 (16 November) Wrecked during a storm off Halifax, Nova Scotia, Canada 226 Quintinshill rail crash 1915 (22 May) Three train collision in Dumfries and Galloway, Scotland, Britain's worst railway accident 224 Neva 1835 (13 May) Convict ship out of Cork wrecked on reefs off King Island, Tasmania 220 SS London 1866 (11 January) Sank during gale in the Bay of Biscay 220 Great Blizzard of 1891 1891 (9–13 March) Strong winds and snow across southern England lead to deaths on land and at sea 220 Hartley Colliery disaster 1862 (16 January) Caused by steam engine metal fatigue, in Northumberland 215 Lady of the Lake 1833 (11 May) Struck iceberg in the North Atlantic and sank 212 Sovereign 1814 (18 October) Wrecked off St. Paul Island (Nova Scotia) 210 SS Rinaldo 1878 (18 December) Collision with French steamship Byzantin (which sustains most casualties) in the Dardanelles 201 HMY Iolaire 1919 (1 January) Admiralty yacht returning soldiers to the Isle of Lewis after World War I sank off Holm near Stornoway in the Outer Hebrides

Deaths inItalics indicate an estimated figure Event Year Notes 193 MS Herald of Free Enterprise 1987 (6 March) Ferry capsized off Zeebrugge in under one minute after its RORO bow doors were left open. Unlawful killing verdict. 192 Transport ship Dispatch and Brig of War HMS Primrose 1809 (22 January) Both ships sank after hitting The Manacles. 191 (Inman Line) 1870 (after 28 January) Ship out of New York City and Halifax, Nova Scotia, bound for Liverpool disappeared in the Atlantic Ocean, possibly struck an iceberg 189 Lundhill Colliery explosion 1857 (19 February) Colliery disaster, Wombwell, Yorkshire. 189 Wood Pit Colliery explosion 1878 (7 June) Colliery disaster, Haydock, Lancashire. The total fatalities, which included one man and all of his five sons, may have been 204 or more. 189 HMS Orpheus 1863 (7 February) Sank off Auckland due to outdated nautical charts and shortcuts. 189 Eyemouth Disaster 1881 (14 October) Local fishing fleet sank during a European windstorm that struck the southeast coast of Scotland. 186 Exeter Theatre Royal fire 1887 (5 September) Fire at the Theatre Royal, Exeter caused by gas lights. 186 PS Pacific 1856 (after 23 January) American ship lost at sea out of Liverpool [sister ship of SS Arctic] 183 Victoria Hall disaster 1883 (16 June) Crowd crush at Sunderland after a children's Variety show to get prizes and gifts resulted in compressive asphyxia and trampling. 179 SS Cambria 1870 (19 October) Shipwrecked at Inishtrahull 178 United Kingdom BSE outbreak 1996–2001 Variant Creutzfeldt–Jakob disease outbreak in the UK. Known colloquially as "mad cow disease", victims contracted the disease through eating infected beef. 178 First Ferndale Colliery disaster 1867 (8 November) Mining disaster in the Rhondda Valley, Glamorganshire, caused by gas accumulation and miners tampering with safety lamps 178 Ocean Monarch 1848 (24 August) Shipwreck and fire off Great Orme, Llandudno caused by steerage passengers' smoking materials 178 Clifton Hall Colliery explosion 1885 (18 June) Explosion of firedamp gas in a colliery at Salford 176 Turkish Airlines Flight 981 1974 (3 March) Crashed in the Ermenonville Forest, France due to cargo door design flaw. The flight was headed to London Heathrow and most of the passengers were British 176 Llannerch, Cwmnantddu 1890 (6 February) Colliery gas explosion near Pontypool, Monmouthshire after the mine refused safety lamps by its MD two months earlier 173 Bethnal Green tube station panic 1943 (3 March) Crowd crush caused by British anti aircraft battery salvo 172 HMS Serpent 1890 (9 November) Royal Navy torpedo cruiser launched in 1887 shipwrecked off Camariñas, Galicia 168 Burns Pit Disaster 1909 (16 February) Mining disaster at Stanley, County Durham 167 Piper Alpha 1988 (6 July) Oil platform gas leak, explosion and fire 30m above cold seas in the North Sea 164 Seaham Colliery accident 1880 (8 September) Mining accident at Seaham, County Durham 163 The John Bodkin Adams murders 1946–1956 Though controversially acquitted in court of the murder of a patient in 1957, Doctor John Bodkin Adams is widely suspected to have murdered around 163 of his patients over 10 years 157 Deutschland 1875 (6 December) Shipwrecked during a blizzard on Kentish Knock sandbank, Thames Estuary. Tugboat rescue delayed until the next day, most died of hypothermia 155 Minnie Pit disaster 1918 (12 January) Mining disaster at Podmore Hall, Halmer End, Staffordshire 150 Clifford's Tower fire massacre 1190 (16 March) Massacre of Jews in York by a mob 146 Risca Blackvein Disaster 1860 (1 December) Coal mining disaster at Risca, Monmouthshire caused by a gas explosion 146 Dan Air Flight 1008 1980 (25 April) Air traffic control instructed the plane to fly an unpublished holding pattern, which led the plane into the dangerously high terrain of Mount Esperanza, Tenerife 146 Aberfan disaster 1966 (21 October) Coal waste spoil tip collapsed onto a junior school, Glamorganshire 143 Swaithe Main Colliery disaster 1875 (6 December) Mining disaster at Worsbrough, Yorkshire 141 SS Berlin 1907 (21 February) Great Eastern Railway steamship out of Harwich wrecked off Hook of Holland 140 HMS Condor 1901 (3 December) Ship lost with all hands in a gale off Vancouver Island 140 2004 Indian Ocean earthquake and tsunami 2004 (26 December) UK victims only; see Countries affected by the 2004 Indian Ocean earthquake 139 George III 1835 (12 April) Convict ship wrecked in D'Entrecasteaux Channel, Tasmania 139 Combs Pit disaster 1893 (4 July) Mining disaster at Thornhill, Yorkshire 137 National Shell Filling Factory explosion 1918 (1 July) Munitions explosion at Chilwell in Nottinghamshire. Eight tons of TNT exploded 136 Wellington Pit disaster 1910 (11 May) Coal mining disaster at Whitehaven, Cumberland 135 Fifth cholera pandemic 1893 The last outbreak of cholera in Britain took place in 1893 112 Dan Air Flight 1903 1970 (3 July) De Havilland Comet crashed into a mountain in Catalonia, Spain 111 Caledonian Airways Flight 153 1962 (4 March) Crashed after take off from Douala, Cameroon 110 1852 (4 January) Steam engine of a wooden mail paddle steamer caught fire in the Bay of Biscay 109 Faversham gunpowder mill explosion 1916 (2 April) 108 Invicta International Airlines Flight 435 1973 (10 April) Crashed into a forested, snowy hillside near Hochwald, Switzerland 106 SS Mohegan 1898 (14 October) Shipwrecked off The Manacles, Cornwall 104 William Pit disaster 1947 (15 August) Coal mining disaster at Whitehaven, Cumberland 104 HMS Brazen 1800 (26 January) Shipwrecked off Newhaven, Sussex. 102 Pelican 1793 (20 March) Sank in the River Mersey. 102 HMS Feversham 1711 (7 October) Shipwrecked off Scatarie Island, Louisbourg, Nova Scotia. 102 Wallsend Colliery explosion 1835 (18 June) Colliery explosion, Wallsend, Northumberland. 101 Naval Steam Colliery explosion 1880 (10 December) Colliery explosion, Tonypandy, Rhondda Valley. 4 bodies unidentified. 100+ 1748 (27 February) Wrecked on the Seven Stones reef. 100 to 240 Windscale fire 1957 (10 October) (deaths up to decades later) One of the world's worst nuclear accidents. Radioactive material released, causing many local cancer deaths in the long term. Number of deaths disputed. Avalanche 1877 (11 September) Ship out of London for Wellington, New Zealand, collided with American Forest Queen off Isle of Portland, English Channel, both sinking, with a further 20+ casualties from the Forest Queen

Deaths Italics indicate anestimated figure Event Year Notes 99 Meikle Ferry disaster 1809 (16 August) Over laden ferryboat sank in Dornoch Firth, Scotland 99 HMS Thetis submarine disaster 1939 (1 June) Flooded through torpedo tube during pre war sea trials, Liverpool Bay, salvaged but sunk by depth charges with all hands in 1943 98 Edmond 1850 (19 November) A chartered passenger sailing vessel sunk at Edmond Point in Kilkee, County Clare with 216 on board 98 Britannia Airways Flight 105 1966 (1 September) Britannia Airways Bristol Britannia G ANBB from Luton Airport, aircrash at Ljubljana 97 Hillsborough Stadium Disaster 1989 (15 April) 97 people died after being crushed against perimeter fencing after thousands of people tried to enter the stadium through a narrow tunnel 95 Haswell Colliery explosion 1844 (28 September) County Durham 95 "Fatal Vespers" 1623 (26 October) Floor collapse at house in Blackfriars, London, being used as a chapel 94 Carlingford Lough disaster 1916 (3 November) and a coalship SS Retriever collided and sank, Carlingford Lough, County Down 93 St Scholastica Day riot, Oxford 1355 (10–12 February) A "town and gown" dispute over beer escalates over three days 92 Felling mine disaster, County Durham 1812 (25 May) Firedamp explosion, ushers in safety lamps by George Stephenson and Humphry Davy 91 Carrick on Suir disaster 1799 (9 February) Barge capsize under bridge, in Ireland 91 Cadeby Main pit disaster 1912 (9 July) Two underground coal mine explosions at Cadeby, South Yorkshire 90 Lewisham rail crash 1957 (4 December) Railway signals missed in the rush hour fog 88 Armagh rail disaster 1889 (12 June) 10 runaway railway passenger cars on a Sunday School day trip 88 1967 Air Ferry DC 4 accident, 1967 (3 June) Douglas C 54 G APYK, from Kent International Airport, Mont Canigou, France 87 Morfa Mine, Port Talbot 1890 (10 March) Glamorganshire, Colliery gas explosion 86 SS Egypt 1922 (20 May) Shipwreck, off Ushant, Brittany 85 Rohilla 1914 (30 October) Ran aground off Whitby, with a survivor of the sinking of the two years earlier rescued again 84 British Eagle 1964 (29 February) International Airlines aircrash Bristol Britannia G AOVO from Heathrow Airport, Innsbruck, Austria, 84 Paisley canal disaster 1810 (10 November) Canal pleasure boat capsize, Paisley, Scotland 83 East Side pit, Senghenydd 1901 (24 May) Glamorganshire, Colliery gas explosion, precursor to the 1913 disaster 81 Mardy Colliery, Rhondda Valley 1885 (23 December) Glamorganshire, mining disaster 81 Easington Colliery 1951 (29 May) County Durham, coal mine explosion, 81 Holmfirth Flood 1852 (5 February) Bilberry Reservoir collapsed, Holme Valley, West Yorkshire 80+ PS Queen Victoria 1853 (15 February) Wrecked below a lighthouse in a night time snowstorm, off Howth Head, Dublin 80 Llandow air disaster 1950 (12 March) Fairflight Avro Tudor G AKBY, Sigginstone, Glamorganshire, with returning Welsh Rugby Union supporters on board (highest confirmed death toll of any civil aviation disaster up to that date) 80 Creswell Colliery 1950 (26 September) Mining accident caused by smoke inhalation, Creswell, Derbyshire 79 Great Yarmouth Suspension bridge 1846 (2 May) Collapse above a river, killing children watching a clown 79 British Admiral out of Liverpool wrecked off Tasmania 1874 (23 May) 79 HMS Glatton 1918 (16 September) Wrecked by accidental explosion, Dover harbour 79 Markham Colliery disaster 1938 (10 May) Underground explosion Derbyshire 78 Burwell, Cambridgeshire Barn fire 1727 (8 September) Occurred during a puppet show with the doors nailed shut 77 Ocean Home 1856 (5 September) American ship sinks after collision with Cherubim off Lizard Point, Cornwall 77 Diglake Colliery Disaster 1895 (14 January) Inrush of water into Diglake Colliery, North Staffordshire 76 Third plague pandemic 1896–1926 Series of outbreaks across Britain and Ireland as part of a pandemic, with Glasgow and Suffolk being particularly badly affected (the last death of plague in Britain occurred in 1926) 76 Maypole Colliery disaster 1908 (18 August) Underground explosion at Abram, Lancashire 75 Tay Bridge disaster 1879 (28 December) Cast iron bridge collapse with a train crossing during an evening storm, Dundee 75 HMS Affray 1951 (17 April) Mysterious submarine disaster in English Channel 75 STV Royston Grange 1972 (11 May) A Houlder Line cargo liner, destroyed by fire after a collision with Liberian registered tanker Tien Chee in the Rio de la Plata 74 1893 (19 February) Lost at sea, possibly due to iceberg strike off Nova Scotia, out of Liverpool, with no Wireless Telegraph to make a distress call 73 Udston mining disaster 1887 (28 May) Hamilton, Scotland, firedamp explosion 73 Silvertown explosion 1917 (19 January) Explosion in a TNT factory in West Ham 72 Stockport Air Disaster 1967 (4 June) British Midland Airways Argonaut G ALHG, an unrecognised flaw in the fuel system made the plane returning from Majorca uncontrollable. 72 Grenfell Tower fire 2017 (14 June) Residential tower block in North Kensington, London 71 Glen Cinema Disaster 1929 (31 December) Paisley, Scotland 70+ 1900 English beer poisoning 1900 6,000 people poisoned by consuming arsenic tainted beer, with Manchester being the worst affected area 70 Great Gale of 1871 1871 (10 February) Bridlington 100 shipwrecks, incl. Royal National Lifeboat Harbinger, plus other losses at sea, estimated total of 70 marine fatalities 70 RAF Fauld 1944 (27 November) Munitions explosion during World War II, Staffordshire 69 HMS M1 1925 (12 November) Submarine wreck in collision with Swedish surface vessel off Plymouth 69 Trimdon Grange colliery disaster 1882 (16 February) Underground explosion in County Durham 67 September 11, 2001 attacks 2001 (11 September) [UK victims only] 66 BEA Comet G ARCO bombing 1967 (12 October) Off Rhodes [all nationalities] 66 Ibrox disaster 1971 (2 January) Compressive asphyxia spectator crush on stairway at Ibrox Park football stadium, Glasgow 65 Theatre Royal, Dunlop Street, Glasgow 1849 (17 February) Panic ensuing from a false fire alarm 65 Cherokee class brig sloop HMS Jasper 1817 (20 January) Wrecked in hurricane force winds on either Rame Head, Cornwall or Bear's Head, Mount Batten, Devon 64 Middle Duffryn Mine1852 (14 May) Colliery explosion near Aberdare, Glamorganshire 64 Masbrough boat disaster 1841 (5 July) John and William overturns on launch near Rotherham 64 HMS Truculent 1950 (12 January) Submarine collision on the surface, Thames Estuary, survivors died of hypothermia on mid winter mudbanks 63 British Airways Flight 576 1976 (10 September) Mid air collision with Inex Adria Aviopromet Flight 550 above Zagreb, caused by ATC error 63 Peckfield Colliery Disaster 1896 (30 April) Micklefield, Yorkshire 63 Victoria coal pit, Nitshill near Glasgow 1851 (15 March) Explosion 63 Great Western Mine 1893 (11 April) Rhondda Valley Colliery mining disaster, South Wales 63 BEA Flight 706 aircrash 1971 (2 October) A Vickers Vanguard G APEC flight 706, Aarsele, Belgium 63 Mauricewood Colliery disaster 1889 (5 September) Underground fire, Penicuik, Scotland 63 Dinas Rhondda 1879 (13 January ) Colliery gas explosion at Llantrisant, Rhondda Valley, Glamorganshire 62 PS Comet II 1825 (21 October) Sank in collision off Gourock, Scotland 61 SS Thames 1841 (4 January) Steamship shipwrecked in a night time storm, Isles of Scilly 61 Freckleton Air Disaster 1944 (23 August) A USAAF Consolidated B 24 Liberator heavy bomber crashed into a village school in a storm, Freckleton, Lancashire, (3 aircrew, 58 ground fatalities) 60+ Harwich ferry disaster 1807 (18 April) A 'grossly overladen' coastal vessel capsizes while transporting soldiers and their families 60 Dalhousie 1853(October ) "Blackwall frigate" sank off Beachy Head 60 HMS M2 British M class submarine 1932 (26 January) Floods through her Parnall Peto seaplane hangar doors, Lyme Bay 58 Wharncliffe Woodmoor Colliery 1936 (6 August) Underground explosion caused by an electrical fault 58 Garland of Topsham 1649 (30 January) A vessel carrying Charles I's possessions wrecked on Godrevy Island, Cornwall 57 Tylorstown 1896 (27 January) Rhondda Valley Colliery mining disaster, South Wales 57 Sneyd Colliery Disaster 1942 (1 January) Burslem, Staffordshire 57 HMS K5 1921 (24 January) A submarine sank in deep water, 120 miles south west of the Isles of Scilly during sea trials 56 Bradford City stadium fire 1985 (11 May) Bradford City A. F. C.'s Valley Parade stadium caught fire after a discarded cigarette set fire to rubbish underneath the wooden stands 56 7 July 2005 London bombings 2005 (7 July) By suicide bombers on public transport 55 Manchester air disaster 1985 (22 August) Flight 28M, a Boeing 737 236 engine fire before takeoff on a holiday flight to Corfu 53 Second Ferndale Colliery disaster 1869 (10 June) Explosion in Rhondda Valley, Glamorganshire 53 Great fire of Newcastle and Gateshead 1854 (6 October) Firestorm and explosion 52 Lletty Shenkin Colliery, Cwmbach 1849 (10 August) Underground explosion, Aberdare, South Wales 52 Yellow fever outbreak, 1861 (July) West Indies 52 Loch Ard 1878 (1 June) A clipper out of Gravesend, Kent, wrecked off Loch Ard Gorge, just off the Shipwreck Coast of Victoria, Australia in thick fog 52 HMS Wasp 1884 (22 September) Wrecked on Tory Island, County Donegal 52 Marine Colliery 1927 (1 March) Gwm near Ebbw Vale, Monmouthshire, coal mine disaster 51 Colney Hatch Lunatic Asylum fire, London 1903 (27 January) In an early psychiatric hospital holding up to 3,500 patients 51 Marchioness disaster, River Thames 1989 (20 August) A pleasure boat rammed by a dredger under a bridge 51 St Hilda Colliery, South Shields, coal pit explosion 1839 (28 June) 50+ Winter of 1962–63 1962–63 One of the coldest winters on record in the United Kingdom. The river Thames froze solid 50 Ariana Afghan Airlines Flight 701 aircrash 1969 (5 January) Crashed into a house, Boeing 727 YA FAR, Gatwick 50 Summerland fire disaster 1973 (2 August) Douglas, Isle of Man, a fire in a leisure centre 50 Whiddy Island disaster 1979 (8 January) Explosion of oil tanker Betelguese in Bantry Bay, Ireland 49? SS Nile 1854 (30 November) All the crew and passengers died when she hit The Stones reef off Godrevy Head, Cornwall; leading to building of the lighthouse 49 Booth's clothing factory fire, Huddersfield 1941 (31 October)Fire at a major clothing factory in Huddersfield, West Riding of Yorkshire 49 HMS Punjabi collision with the battleship 1942 (1 May) Sinking 469 miles north west of Shetland. 49 Hither Green rail crash 1967 (5 November ) In London, a broken rail caused derailment of an express train 48 Stardust fire 1981 (14 February) A nightclub fire in Artane, Dublin, 841 people had attended a disco there, of whom 48 died and 214 were injured as a result of the fire 48 A British Eagle International Airlines Vickers Viscount 1968 (9 August) En route from London to Innsbruck, Austria, breaks up in mid air over Bavaria 47 Burns' Day Storm 1990 (25 January) Violent storm that started on Burns' day and affected north western Europe, hurricane force winds in some areas 47 Emma 1828 (29 February) Capsizes after launching, Mersey and Irwell Navigation, Manchester 47 Gethin Pit disaster 1862 (19 February) First of two underground colliery explosions at Abercanaid, near Merthyr Tydfil. South Wales 47 R101 airship crash 1930 (5 October) Beauvais, France 47 SS Samtampa 1947( 23 April) Wrecked off Sker Point in the Bristol Channel (death toll includes 8 crew of Mumbles lifeboat) 47 Auchengeich coal mining disaster 1959 (18 September) Auchinloch, Lanarkshire, Scotland 47 Kegworth Air Disaster 1989 (8 January) British Midland Flight 92, Leicestershire, the pilot shut down the wrong engine (just missed the M1 Motorway) 47 1973 Nantes mid air collision 1973 (5 March) [British victims only] Two aircraft heading to London Heathrow collided due to ATC error. 46 Wreck of Confederate States of America blockade runner PS Lelia 1865 (14 January) (39 fatalities) and lifeboat crew (7 fatalities) in Liverpool Bay 45 Bentley Coal mine disaster 1931 (20 November) Bentley, South Yorkshire 45 Six Bells Colliery Disaster 1960 (28 June) Aberbeeg, Monmouthshire 45 Aquila Airways Short Solent flying boat crash 1957 (15 November) Isle of Wight 45 Sumburgh disaster 1986 (6 November) A Brent oilfield CH 47 Chinook helicopter crashed at sea 45 PS Nimrod 1860 (28 February) An Irish steamer sank off St David's Head 45 Cleggan Bay Disaster 1927 (27 October) A strong gale killed 45 fishermen off the coast of County Galway 44 R38 (ZR 2) airship crash 1921 (24 August) River Humber, near Hull 44 MV Derbyshire 1980 (9 September) Bibby Line bulk carrier sank during Typhoon Orchid, south of Japan (by tonnage the largest UK flagged ship loss) 43 Croydon typhoid outbreak of 1937 1937 (October–December) Outbreak originating from a polluted chalk water well; 341 cases 43 Bourne End rail crash 1945 (30 September) Derailment taking crossover at speed near Hemel Hempstead, Hertfordshire; driver had worked for 26 consecutive days 43 Moorgate tube crash 1975 (28 February) London Underground train runs at speed into dead end tunnel in the morning rush hour 41 Little Baldon air crash 1965 (6 July) Handley Page Hastings aircraft crashed at Little Baldon, Oxfordshire, during parachute training flight from RAF Abingdon, caused by metal fatigue 40 Garden Pit Disaster 1844 (14 February) 40 men and boys are crushed or drowned when water from the River Cleddau broke through the roof of their coalmine at Landshipping, Pembrokeshire, Wales 40 Regent's Park ice skating disaster 1867 (15 January) Ice covering the boating lake collapsed and 200 people plunged in 40 Low Moor Explosion 1916 (21 August) Explosion at a picric acid plant producing explosives for the war effort in the First World War