Канадалық бір центтік монета

Coin worth one cent

In Canada, a penny (minted 1858–2012) is an out of production coin worth one cent, or 1/100 of a dollar. According to the Royal Canadian Mint, the official term for the coin is the one cent piece, but in practice the terms penny and cent predominate. Penny was likely readily adopted because the previous coinage in Canada (up to 1858) was the British monetary system, where Canada used British pounds, shillings, and pence as coinage alongside U. S. decimal coins and Spanish milled dollars. In Canadian French, the penny is often known by the loanword cent; in contrast with the heteronymous word meaning "hundred" (sɑ̃), this keeps the English pronunciation sɛnt. Slang terms include , , or (black penny), although common Quebec French usage is
Production of the penny ceased in May 2012, and the Royal Canadian Mint ceased distribution of them as of February 4, 2013. However, the coin remains legal tender. Nevertheless, once distribution of the coin ceased, vendors were no longer expected to return pennies as change for cash purchases and were encouraged to round purchases to the nearest five cents. Goods can still be priced in one cent increments, with non cash transactions like credit cards being paid to the exact cent.

Like all Canadian coins, the obverse depicts the reigning Canadian monarch at the time of issue. The final obverse depicts Queen Elizabeth II; her likeness was introduced in 1953 and later saw three design updates, the first occurring in 1965, a 1990 update to the design of Dora de Pedery Hunt, and the 2003 update designed by Susanna Blunt. A special reverse side, depicting a rock dove, was issued in 1967 as part of a centennial commemoration. It was designed by the Canadian artist Alex Colville, and its use in 1967 marked the only time the 1937 maple leaf design was not used for the penny before it was discontinued in 2012. The maple twig depicted on the coin is botanically incorrect as the phyllotaxis of the twig on the coin is clearly alternate, while maples always have opposite leaves. Most pennies have a round, smooth edge. Pennies minted from 1982 to 1996 are twelve sided. This was to help the visually impaired identify the coin. The 1997 copper plated zinc coin proved difficult to plate in the twelve sided shape, hence the mint reverted to a round shape.

There had been repeated debate about ceasing production of the penny because of the cost of producing it and a perceived lack of usefulness. In mid 2010 the Standing Senate Committee on National Finance began a study on the future of the one cent coin. On December 14, 2010, the Senate finance committee recommended the penny be removed from circulation, arguing that a century of inflation had eroded the value and usefulness of the one cent piece. A 2007 survey indicated that 37 percent of Canadians used pennies, but the government continued to produce about 816million pennies per year, equal to 24 pennies per Canadian. The Royal Canadian Mint had been forced to produce large numbers of pennies because they disappeared from circulation, as people hoarded these coins or simply avoided using them. In 2011 the Royal Canadian Mint had minted 1.1billion pennies, more than doubling the 2010 production number of 486.2million pennies. In late 2010, finance committee members of the Canadian Senate estimated that the average Canadian had as many as 600 pennies hoarded away, taken out of circulation. that it would withdraw the penny from circulation in the fall of 2012. The budget announcement eliminating the penny cited the cost of producing it at 1.6 cents. The final penny was minted at the RCM's Winnipeg, Manitoba, plant on the morning of May 4, 2012, Existing pennies will remain legal tender indefinitely; however, pennies were withdrawn from circulation on February 4, 2013. The Currency Act says that "A payment in coins [ ] is a legal tender for no more than [ ] twenty five cents if the denomination is one cent." On February 4, 2013, the Mint began melting down the estimated 35billion pennies that were in circulation. On the same day, Google celebrated the beginning of the end for the Canadian penny with a Google Doodle. Cash transactions are now rounded to the nearest multiple of 5 cents. The rounding is not done on individual items but on the total bill of sale, with totals being rounded to the nearest multiple of 5, i. e., totals ending in 1 or 2 round down to 0, totals ending in 3, 4, 6, or 7 round to 5, and totals ending in 8 or 9 round up to 10. To honour the penny, the Royal Canadian Mint released several silver and gold coins and collectibles on their website, a gold plated silver coin, a five ounce silver coin, and a five coin set of silver coins.

+ Commemorative editions of the Canadian pennyImageYearThemeArtistMintageNotes1967Canadian centennialAlex Colville345,140,645Features a rock dove in flight. Dated 1867–1967.

YearThemeMintageIssue price2005First day cover1,799$14.952006With new mint mark5,000$29.95

+VictoriaYearMintage1858421,00018599,579,0001876 H4,000,0001881 H2,000,0001882 H4,000,00018842,500,00018861,500,00018871,500,00018884,000,0001890 H1,000,00018911,452,50018921,200,00018932,000,00018941,000,00018951,200,00018962,000,00018971,500,0001898 H1,000,00018992,400,00019001900 H2,600,00019014,100,000+Edward VIIYearMintage19023,000,00019034,000,00019042,500,00019052,000,00019064,100,00019072,400,0001907 H800,00019082,401,50619093,973,33919105,146,487+George V (large)YearMintage19114,663,48619125,107,64219135,735,40519143,405,95819154,932,134191611,022,367191711,899,254191812,970,798191911,279,63419206,762,247+George V (small)YearMintage192015,483,92319217,601,72619221,243,63519231,019,00219241,593,19519251,000,62219262,143,37219273,553,92819289,144,860192912,159,84019302,538,61319313,842,776193221,316,190193312,079,31019347,042,35819357,526,40019361936 Dot8,768,769+George VIYearMintage193710,040,231193818,365,608193921,600,319194085,740,532194156,336,011194276,113,708194389,111,969194444,131,216194577,268,591194656,662,071194731,093,9011947 ML43,855,4481948 ATD1948 ABD1949 ATD25,767,7791949 ABD33,128,933195060,444,992195180,430,379195267,631,736+Elizabeth IIYearMintage195367,806,016195422,181,760195556,403,193 195678,685,535 1957100,601,792 195859,385,679 195983,615,343196075,772,775 1961139,598,404 1962227,244,069 1963279,076,334 1964484,655,322 1965304,441,082 1966183,644,388 1967345,140,645 1968329,695,772 1969335,240,9291970344,145,010 1971298,228,936 1972451,304,591 1973457,058,489 1974692,058,489 1975642,618,000 1976701,122,890 1977453,050,666 1978911,170,647 1979753,942,953+Elizabeth II (cont. )YearMintage1980911,800,00019811,209,468,500 1982876,036,898 1983975,510,000 1984838,225,000 1985771,772,500 1986788,285,000 1987774,549,000 1988482,676,752 19891,066,628,2001990218,035,000 1991831,001,000 1992673,512,000 1993808,585,000 1994639,516,000 1995624,983,000 1996445,746,000 1997549,868,000 1998999,578,000 19991,089,625,0002000902,506,000 2001928,434,000 2002830,040,000 2003748,123,000 2004842,486,000 2005767,425,000 20061,261,883,000 2007846,420,0002008787,625,0002009455,680,0002010486,200,0002011662,750,0002012199,347,000