Тераңның "Адельфой" пьесасы: Бала тәрбиесі мен әкелер арасындағы тартыс

Adelphoe (also Adelphoi and Adelphi; from Greek ᾰ̓δελφοί, Brothers) is a play by Roman playwright Terence, adapted partly from plays by Menander and Diphilus. It was first performed in 160 BC at the funeral games of Aemilius Paulus. Exploring the best form of child rearing, the play inspired Molière's The School for Husbands. Adelphoe was Terence's last play and is often considered his masterpiece.

Demea, father to Aeschinus and Ctesipho, decides to separate his children and raises Ctesipho while allowing his brother Micio to raise Aeschinus. Demea is a strict authoritarian father, and Micio is permissive and democratic. Ctesipho falls in love with a slave girl musician, but is afraid of exposing his romantic interest due to the strict education he's received from Demea. Therefore, Aeschinus, in order to help his brother, decides to steal the girl away from the slave dealer Sannio, accepting all blame for the affair. Demea and Micio spar over who did a better job at raising their sons. After a long monologue comparing his methods with his brother's, Demea decides to emulate his brother's urbanity and openhandedness as a means of critique. In the last hundred lines of the play, Demea gives away a great deal of money and a large estate, convinces his brother to free two of his slaves, and then finally delivers a closing speech decrying all such liberality: "I will tell you: I did it to show you that what they think is your good nature and pleasantness did not happen from a true life, nor from justice and goodness, but from flattery, indulgence, and largess, Micio" (lines 985–988). He then offers to his sons that he will be their strict father if they so desire him to be, but if they prefer to stay with Micio, they can. Both boys choose to submit to Demea, with Micio's approval. At the end of the play, Ctesipho keeps his loved one, Aeschinus celebrates his marriage to Pamphila, Sostrata's daughter, and Micio is made to marry Sostrata.

3.1 (288–304): mixed tr7/ia8 (17 lines)
Sostrata, whose daughter Aeschinus has secretly married, shares her anxieties with the nurse Canthara. 3.2 (305–320): mainly ia8 (16 lines)
Sostrata's slave Geta expresses his distress at Aeschinus's treachery (soliloquy). 3.2 (321–329): tr7 (9 lines)
He informs Sostrata about the abduction. 3.2 (330–354): ia8 (25 lines)
Sostrata sings of her distress. She sends Geta to the village to beg the assistance of Pamphila's relative, Hegio, and she tells Canthara to fetch a midwife.

3.3–3.5 (355–516): ia6 (163 lines)
Demea is anxious because his son Ctesipho was involved in the abduction. Syrus arrives with some fish he has bought for a party. Demea is shocked when he overhears Syrus saying that Micio had given money for the harp player and some for a feast as well. Syrus lies to Demea that Ctesipho disapproved of Aechinus's behaviour. He makes fun of Demea's expressions of approval of Ctesipho. He sends Demea to the farm on a fruitless search for Ctesipho, then goes inside. Just as he is setting out for the farm, however, Demea sees his friend Hegio approaching with Sostrata's servant Geta. Hegio tells him the shocking news: Aeschinus has violated the daughter of a friend of Hegio's, promised to marry her, but now has abandoned her for a harp player. (At this moment cries are heard as Pamphila gives birth.) Hegio begs Demea to preserve the family honour; then he goes into Sostrata's house with Geta. Demea goes off looking for Micio. 4.1 (517–526): mixed metres (tr8, tr7, ia8) (10 lines)
Syrus reassures Ctesipho that his father has gone to the farm. 4.1–4.2 (527–540): ia8 (14 lines)
Syrus advises Ctesipho on how to deceive his father. Ctesipho begs him not to tell Demea where he is. Suddenly Syrus is alarmed to see Demea coming back and ushers Ctesipho back inside. 4.2 (541–591): tr7 (51 lines)
Syrus spins a lie about how is wounded because Ctesipho beat him up. He sends Demea off on a wild goose chase through the city looking for Micio.

4.5 (638–678): ia6 (41 lines)
Micio comes out of the door and teases Aeschinus, pretending that Pamphila is going to marry a stranger. 4.5 (679–706): tr7 (28 lines)
Aeschinus bursts into tears and his father reveals the truth. 4.5 (707–712): ia7, ia8 (8 lines)
Aeschinus sings of his delight in his father (soliloquy).

4.6–5.3 (713–854): ia6 (142 lines)
Demea returns furious after his fruitless search for Ctesipho. He reproaches Micio about Aeschinus's marriage. Syrus, drunk, infuriates Demea even more. A slave comes out to call Syrus in. Demea realises Ctesipho is in Micio's house and rushes inside. Micio tries to calm Demea, who has discovered Ctesipho's misbehaviour. 5.4 (855–881): tr7 (27 lines)
Demea reflects on the error of his ways and determines to teach Micio a lesson.

5.5–5.8 (882–933): ia6 (52 lines)
Demea surprises Syrus and Geta by speaking to them both affably. He surprises Aeschinus by hurrying on the marriage preparations. He also suggests that Micio must marry Sostrata. 5.8 (934–958): ia8 (22 lines), ia6 (2 lines), ia8 (1 line)
Micio is horrified by the idea, but Demea insists, and says he must also reward Hegio with a farm. (ia8)
Micio is forced to accept (ia6). 5.9 (959–997): tr7 (39 lines)
In addition Demea stipulates Micio must free Syrus and his wife and lend him some money too. Then he tells Aeschinus that if he wishes to be guided in life rightly, he, Demea, is willing to guide him. Aeschinus calls Demea "Father" and agrees. As for Ctesipho, Demea allows him to keep his girlfriend, but it must stop there.

Henry Fielding in Tom Jones (1749, Book XIV, ch. VIII) models Mr Nightingale and his brother after Terence’s Adelphoe. Fielding writes: “They had always differed in their sentiments concerning the education of their children For young Nightingale was his uncle’s godson, and had lived more with him than with his father.” Again in Book XVIII, ch. XIII: “These brothers lived in a constant state of contention about the government of their children, both heartily despising the method which each other took.”