Икшваку: Хинду және Жайна мифологиясындағы патша әулеті

Jain and Hindu mythological character

Ikshvaku (Sanskrit ; Pāli: ) is a legendary king in Hindu mythology. He is described to be the first king of the Kosala kingdom, and was one of the ten sons of Shraddhadeva Manu, the first man on the earth. He was the founder and first king of the Ikshvaku dynasty, also known as the Suryavamsha, in the kingdom of Kosala, which also historically existed in ancient India. He had a hundred sons, among whom the eldest was Vikukshi. Another son of Ikshvaku's, named Nimi, founded the Kingdom of the Videhas. Rama, Mahavira, and the Buddha are also stated to have belonged to the Suryavamsha or Ikshvaku dynasty.

From Kashyapa, through Aditi, Vivasvan was generated, and from him came Shraddhadeva Manu, who was born from the womb of Sanjna. Shraddhadeva's wife, Shraddha, gave birth to 10 sons, including Ikshvaku and Nriga. The Atharvaveda and Brahmanas associate the Ikshvakus with non Aryan people, distinct from the Aryans who composed the hymns of the four Vedas. F. E. Pargiter has equated the Ikshvakus with the Dravidians. According to Franciscus Kupier, Manfred Mayrhofer and Levman, the Iskvaku is derived from a Munda name. However, there are those who contend with Pargiter. Ghurye holds that the Ikshvakus were Aryan horsemen and must have arrived in the subcontinent before the Aryans who composed the Rigveda. The Brahmana texts do also state that the Ikshvakus were a line of princes descended from the Purus. The Rigveda mentions that the Purus are one of the Aryan tribes. Mandhatri, an Ikshvaku ruler, is described in the Rigveda to have annihilated the Dasyus, and seeks the help of the Ashvin twins, the divine physicians of the Vedic religion.

In Jain texts, it is mentioned that Rishabhanatha is the same as king Ikshvaku. Except for Munisuvrata and Neminatha, the remaining Tirthankaras are believed to have been royals of the Ikshvaku lineage.