Парсы ғалымы Қаді Байдәуи және оның мұрасы

Persian Islamic scholar

Qadi Baydawi (also known as Naṣir ad Din al Bayḍawi, also spelled Baidawi, Bayzawi and Beyzavi; d. June 1319, Tabriz) was a Persian jurist, theologian, and Quran commentator. He lived during the post Seljuk and early Mongol era. Many commentaries have been written on his work. He was also the author of several theological treatises. He lived in the period of the Salghurids. Iranian region was a sheltered place because the Salgurs got along with the Mongols in this period. For this reason, this region became a safe region preferred by scholars. He also benefited from the scholars who came here. Details about his life are available in his book titled al Gayah al Kusvâ. Baydawi's only Persian work, the Kitab Nizam al Tawarikh, is the first historical book to showcase the ethno national history of Iran.

Baydawi was a native of Bayda (from which his nisba was derived), a small town in the Fars region of southern Iran. Since 1148, the region had been controlled by the Salghurids, a family of Turkoman origin, who would rule as nominal vassals of the Seljuks, the Khwarazmshahs, and the Mongols until their downfall in 1282. Baydawi's date of birth is unknown, however, assessing his accomplishments throughout his career, it can be deduced that he was born sometime during the reign of the Salghurid atabeg (ruler) Abu Bakr ibn Sa'd During this period, culture flourished in Fars; Abu Bakr ordered the construction of many hospitals and high level religious establishments which attracted many scholars. Like the majority of the population of Fars, Baydawi was a Sunni Muslim of the Shafi'ite madhhab (school). Baydawi's education is obscure. According to the historian al Yafi'i, Baydawi was tutored by his father Umar, who had been a student of Mujir ad Din Mahmud ibn Abi al Mubarak al Baghdadi ash Shafi'i, a former student of Mui'in ad Din Abi Sa'id Mansur ibn Umar al Baghdadi, who had studied under the prominent Persian philosopher al Ghazali (died 1111).