Исузу Пантера: Көп мақсатты көлік және пикаптар тарихы

Multi purpose vehicle and pickup truck manufactured by Isuzu

The Isuzu Panther is a series of station wagons and pickup trucks manufactured by Isuzu from 1991 until 2020 mainly for the Southeast Asian market. The second generation Panther was also manufactured and marketed in India under the name Chevrolet Tavera, a name which is also used in Indonesia for the petrol version until 2005. It was developed together with General Motors as the "160 Project". The model is suited to carrying large loads of passengers or cargo. It was developed to meet local conditions in terms of climate, roads and family structure as a durable vehicle. The Panther was also known in the Philippines as the Hi Lander, later as the Crosswind. It was also known as the Hi Lander in Vietnam. TOC

The first generation Panther was introduced in 1991 in Indonesia as a pickup truck and a coachbuilder made station wagon in short and long body with the 2.3 L C223 diesel engine. The differences between short wheelbase and long wheelbase are 200 mm in length. The Isuzu Total Assy station wagon version, which is assembled by PT Pulogadung Pawitra Laksana (a subsidiary of Astra International) in Sunter, North Jakarta, was introduced in 1992, and it is available in Special, Deluxe, Grand Deluxe, Royal Hi GLX and Hi Grade trim levels. In 1996, the first generation Panther received a restyled headlamps, redesigned front grille and the 2.5 L Direct Injection 4JA1 diesel engine, and the station wagon version is available in New Super, Deluxe, Royale, Grand Royale, Sporty, Hi Sporty and Hi Grade trim levels. The Sporty and Hi Sporty trims have sporty body kit and two tone exterior color option. The Hi Sporty and Hi Grade trims have higher ground clearance. In 1999, the Royale and Grand Royale trims were both replaced with the New Royale trim with fog lamp covers. After the second generation Panther station wagon was introduced, the first generation Panther pickup truck continued to be produced and sold until 2021. The first generation Panther pickup truck is available in Standard, Flat Deck and GD 3 Way. The front grille of the first generation Panther pickup truck was facelifted twice, in 2005 and 2009. The headlights were then changed into the crystal multi reflector headlights. In 2007, the first generation Panther pickup truck was rebranded as the Isuzu Pickup and has been given a turbocharger to meet Euro 2 emission standards.

The second generation Panther was introduced on September 6, 2000, at the tenth Gaikindo Auto Expo with the completely rounded, aerodynamic shape of the 21st century. The vehicle is loosely based on the Isuzu MU, and shared the same dashboard design as the Isuzu Faster/TFR/KB and the Isuzu VehiCROSS, both from the same era. It is only available in station wagon version with the same 2.5 L Direct Injection 4JA1 diesel engine as the first generation, and featured the crystal multi reflector headlights for the first time. It is available in short wheelbase, which is available in the base SM, the mid level SV and Hi Grade SS trim levels, and long wheelbase, which is available in the base LM, the mid level LV and Hi Grade LS trim levels. The long wheelbase variant is longer than the short wheelbase variant. For the first time, the automatic transmission variant is also offered for the LS Hi Grade trim with the 4JA1 L turbocharged diesel engine. In 2001, the top of the line Touring variant was introduced as a sport utility vehicle variant of the second generation Panther with the same turbocharged diesel engine as the automatic transmission variant of the LS Hi Grade trim, two tone exterior color with silver colored body kit and front bumper guard, higher ground clearance, spare tire attached on rear door and four spoke steering wheel from the third generation Isuzu Gemini (later also used on the LS trim in 2003). The redesigned tail lights with crystal multi reflector were introduced with the Touring variant and later also used on the LV and LS Hi Grade trims. In 2003, the second generation Panther has no longer used rubber seals and used compound sealant instead on both rear side and rear window, and also introduced the top of the line Grand Touring variant which has a single exterior color instead of two tone and without front bumper guard, and is positioned just above the Touring variant. Since then, the short wheelbase variant was discontinued. The Adventure variant which is based on the LV trim with body kit is also available. The manual transmission variant of the LS Hi Grade trim with a turbocharger is also available as well.

The second generation Panther received its facelift in August 2004 with new headlights, redesigned front grille and bumper, redesigned wheels and black plastic rear door garnish with Panther emblem, and also introduced the Smart trim, which is based on the LM trim. It is available in LM, Smart, LV and LS Hi Grade trim levels, as well as Adventure, Touring and Grand Touring variants in long wheelbase only. The LS Hi Grade trim, Touring and Grand Touring variants received a redesigned four spoke steering wheel (later also used on the LV trim and Adventure variant in 2008). The front bumper guard on the Touring variant was removed. In early 2007, all variants have been given a turbocharger to meet Euro 2 emission standards and the LM trim was discontinued. In late 2007, the interior color was changed from black to beige (for all variants) and the door trim was redesigned (initially for the LS Hi Grade trim, Touring and Grand Touring variants, later also for the LV trim and Adventure variant in 2008). Its exterior was refreshed twice, in 2009 and 2013. In early 2009, the front grille was refreshed and in late 2011, the tail lights were refreshed. In 2013, the rear door garnish was redesigned exclusive to the LS Hi Grade trim, Touring and Grand Touring variants. The Touring and Grand Touring variants are no longer have the spare tire mounted on the rear door. The Adventure variant was later discontinued due to low demand.

The Panther was sold as the Chevrolet Tavera in Indonesia between 2001 and 2005, and in India by American automaker General Motors under the Chevrolet marque between 2004 and 2017 when General Motors ceased sales the Indian market. The name of the vehicle comes from the name of the small French village, Tavera, Corsica, known for its steep paths and whose CEO of Isuzu, Susumu Hosoi is used to test his vehicles.

The Tavera went on sale in India in 2004. Its main competition includes the Toyota Innova, Mahindra Bolero, Tata Sumo, and similar vehicles. The Indian Tavera was built with knock down kit sourced from Isuzu Indonesia. General Motors sold 208,431 units of the Tavera in the Indian market. In India, there were 2 versions of the Tavera, the original Tavera, the base model which includes the B1 and B2 trims, and the Tavera Neo 2 (this version was called simply Tavera Neo before the Indian Tavera facelift, and before that Tavera Elite), the normal version which includes the LS B3, the LS B4, the LT L and the high end SS D1. In 2006, under a new marketing of their Indian lineup as "an Indian revolution" (similar to their US marketing campaign), the Tavera is now sold as two models. The original Tavera is still being sold; however more upmarket models in India are now sold as the "Tavera Neo 2". In September of the same year, the Indian Tavera got a facelift. The facelift included the front grille and revised interiors. Later again in 2012, it received a facelift which includes revised front lights and bumpers and introduced as Tavera Neo 3. It featured a new engine option, a cleaner 2.0 L G series diesel engine sourced from Sonalika to comply with Bharat Stage 4 emissions standard imposed in several metro cities in India. The new engine was marketed as TCDi engine and delivers more power, and is equipped with a variable geometry turbocharger. The Sonalika engine option was discontinued in 2015 with the Tavera being withdrawn temporarily from sale in Bharat Stage 4 cities until the outgoing 2.5L turbo diesel was revised to meet BS4 emissions standard with a reduced compression ratio and common rail fuel injection in 2016 and was sold until 2017 when General Motors halted sales in domestic Indian market.

In July 2013, General Motors recalled 114,000 Chevrolet Taveras in India, as the vehicle failed to meet local emission standards. GM India also were ordered to suspend the production of the Tavera until the issues were resolved. Svenska Dagbladet reported that employees of General Motors had misled Indian authorities about the exhaust emission and fuel consumption by equipping vehicles to be tested with smaller and specially prepared engines to pass regulations. As a result of this, GM's powertrain division manager Sam Winegarden was fired, along with other employees. The report led to the Indian authorities starting an investigation into General Motors' practices.

In Indonesia, Tavera served as a petrol version of Isuzu Panther, while the latter is only offered with diesel engine. It is powered by a 2.2 L petrol, & 180 N⋅m (133 lb⋅ft) sourced from GM, which also used by the Indonesian version of Opel/Chevrolet Blazer. It was discontinued in 2005 due to low demand.