Виргилийдің «Жасыраулар нәрсесі» фразасы

Latin phrase after Virgil's Aeneid

Lacrimae rerum is the Latin phrase for "tears of things." It derives from Book I, line 462 of the Aeneid (c. 29–19 BC), by Roman poet Virgil (Publius Vergilius Maro) (70–19 BC). Some recent quotations have included rerum lacrimae sunt or sunt lacrimae rerum meaning "there are tears of (or for) things."

In this passage, Aeneas gazes at a mural found in a Carthaginian temple dedicated to Juno that depicts battles of the Trojan War and the deaths of his friends and countrymen. Aeneas is moved to tears and says "sunt lacrimae rerum et mentem mortalia tangunt" ("There are tears for [or 'of'] things and mortal things touch the mind.")

The genitive "rerum" can be construed as "objective" or "subjective." The scholar David Wharton observes that the "semantic and referential indeterminacy is both intentional and poetically productive, lending it an implicational richness most readers find attractive." In English, however, a translator must choose either one or the other, and interpretation has varied. Those who take the genitive as subjective translate the phrase as meaning that things feel sorrow for the sufferings of humanity: the universe feels our pain. Others translate the passage to show that the burden human beings must bear, ever present frailty and suffering, is what defines the essence of human experience. Yet in the next line, Aeneas says: "Release (your) fear; this fame will bring you some deliverance." Those who take the genitive as objective understand the phrase as meaning that there are tears for things (in particular, the things Aeneas has endured) evinced in the mural: i. e., the paintings show Aeneas that he finds himself in a place where he can expect compassion and safety.

The phrase is sometimes taken out of context, on war memorials for example, as a sad sentiment about life's inescapable sorrows. In the poem the phrase appears as Aeneas realises that he need not fear for his safety, because he is among people who have compassion and an understanding of human sorrow.

"Sunt Lacrimae rerum" is the fifth piece in Franz Liszt's third and last volume of his Years of Pilgrimage (Années de pèlerinage). David Mitchell uses the phrase as the last sign off in the letters from Robert Frobisher to his friend Sixsmith in the penultimate section of his novel Cloud Atlas. W. H. Auden uses the phrase in his poem 'A Walk after Dark'. In the introductory video of his YouTube series The Dictionary of Obscure Sorrows, John Koenig uses the phrase, and sentiment, to introduce his compendium of invented words that aims to fill holes in the English language—to give a name to 'emotions we all feel but don't have a word for'. The line was cited by Pope Francis in the 2020 papal encyclical Fratelli tutti, "On fraternity and social friendship," in reference to the COVID 19 pandemic.