Бали сиыры: тарихы, сипаттамасы және өсіру ерекшеліктері

Domestic species of cattle

The Bali cattle (Bos domesticus), also known as Balinese cattle, Bali banteng, Indonesian cattle, or most generally, the domestic banteng are a domesticated species of bovine which originated from the banteng (Bos javanicus). Bali cattle are an important source of meat and are used for plowing. They are thought to have originated in Bali.

The Bali cattle are one of the few species of true cattle that did not descend from the extinct aurochs. Their domestication occurred around 3500 BC, originating from banteng. Bali cattle have been introduced to East Timor, Java, Malaysia and Australia as livestock, and account for about one fourth of the total cattle population of Indonesia. In eastern islands, they account for up to four fifths of the cattle. In the Northern Territory of Australia, they have escaped from captivity and roam in large herds damaging crops.

Bali cattle have a hump, a white rump patch, white stockings, and white extending under the belly. Body weights of males average from 335 to 363 kilograms, while females average from 211 kilograms to 242 kilograms. Mechanization and urbanization are making the cattle redundant as draft animals, however. Meat from young Bali cattle is noted for being exceptionally tender.

Artificial insemination was first introduced to Bali cattle in southern Sulawesi and Timor in 1975 and 1976. It has been performed in Bali since the 1980s with semen from the National Artificial Insemination Centre of Singosari, and semen has been produced and distributed by the Artificial Insemination Centre of the Bali Province since 2001.

The population of Bali cattle has been declining in most places, due to greater consumption of the cattle than local capacity to supply. The Indonesian government has understood the need to explore new strategies to improve the low productivity of Bali banteng and address concerns relating to husbandry and nutrition, but this adoption has been historically slow.