Бельгия теңіз жағалауындағы Бланкенберге қаласы

the Belgian coastal town

Blankenberge (; ; ) is a seaside city and a municipality in the Belgian province of West Flanders. The municipality comprises the town of Blankenberge proper and the settlement of Uitkerke. On 1 December 2014, Blankenberge had a total population of 19,897. The total area of the municipality is 17.41 km², giving a population density of 1,142 inhabitants per km². The towns inhabitants are called Blankenbergenaars. Blankenberge is one of the most important seaside resorts on the Belgian coast in terms of tourist numbers and hotel reservations. It is a national and to a certain extent international seaside resort, attracting visitors from across northern Europe. It possesses a long sandy beach, and a 350 m long art deco pier, the Belgium Pier, constructed in 1933. A structure that is unique on the Belgian coast.

The first fishing activities date back to the 11th century. By the 12th century, the fishing fleet had more than 60 ships. A pontoon was built in the 15th century in the vicinity of the lighthouse, a construction which served until the beginning of the 16th century. The fishermen of Blankenberge would land their catch in barges which approached the beach. No port was constructed until 1871 when a navigation channel with a wharf was built. The fishery declined during the period between the two world wars and disappeared in 1945. The port was destroyed by the Germans in World War 2. A new port for pleasure boats was rebuilt in 1955. The port has undergone two more extensions and currently accommodates 1,000 boats.

As early as the first half of the 18th century, tourists came to Blankenberghe (spelling influenced by French). The Brugsesteenweg was built in 1723. This not only ensured a growing export of fish but also an easy connection for the inhabitants of Bruges who came to the sea for a day of relaxation. There was no such thing as sea bathing at that time. Bathing developed under the influence of English tourism in the 19th century. The first bathing cabins appeared on the beach in 1838. Shortly afterwards, a wooden seawall was built and the first hotels appeared. In 1859 the impressive Casino Kursaal was built. On 16 August 1863 the Heist Bruges railway opened, with a stop in Blankenberge. This made Blankenberge much more accessible for (wealthier) tourists, who previously could only reach Blankenberge by carriages along cobblestone roads or by boats (see tourist information in 1905 travel guide Pages 210 and 211 and Blad 212). By the end of the 19th century, the seawall was filled with luxury hotels and holiday villas. A cast iron pier (1893–1894) was also constructed, the first 350 metre structure out to sea on the European mainland. During the Belle époque, the fashionable Blankenberge was the favorite holiday destination of the Belgian beau monde; only the crowned heads, the nobility, prominent politicians, artists and the rich bourgeoisie could afford to spend their summer holidays in their second residence by the sea. Archduke Franz Ferdinand, heir to the throne of the Habsburg Empire, for example, regularly visited. Growing tourism provided employment and prosperity for the city. The population grew strongly. The cast iron pier was replaced by a concrete pier in 1933 and the old casino was replaced by a new Art Deco casino (1932–1934). The villas and hotels along the seawall were almost completely destroyed during the Second World War. In the reconstruction, quality and solidity were more important than aesthetics. In the mid 1950s, elite hotels such as the Hôtel des Bains et des Familles made way for cheaper, less luxurious apartment buildings and popular campsites. The tourists soon found their way back to Blankenberge, but the public had changed. With the increasing prosperity in the 1960s and 1970s, mass tourism also made its appearance in Blankenberge and from then on it mainly attracted the working and middle class from the Belgian interior. The population continues to swell in the summer months. The infrastructure to accommodate these tourists is still expanding.

Blankenberge, formed part of the Atlantic Wall defences constructed by the German occupiers. Part of the pre war coastal tourist development were demolished to accommodate this. Allied bombings took place, including on the Zeedijk and the Grote Markt. Blankenberge was liberated on 9 September 1944 by the Manitoba Dragoons led by Eric James. Every year this event is commemorated on the following Saturday afternoon with a ceremony and a performance by a concert band on Manitobaplein.

Blankenberge railway station was opened in 1863. Trains operated by NMBS run towards Brussels, and the Kusttram run by De Lijn runs along the Belgian coast of the North Sea.

Before the First World War, Blankenberge was an exclusive holiday resort frequently attended by Royalty. Archduke Franz Ferdinand of Austria and his wife Sophie, Duchess of Hohenberg as well as his sister Archduchess Elisabeth Amalie of Austria and her husband Prince Aloys of Liechtenstein and his niece Archduchess Marie Valerie of Austria were regular holiday makers in Blankenberge. They stayed in a special wing of the Grand Hotel des Bains et des Families. The Archduke enjoyed his walks to Wenduine and attended service daily at the St Rochus church. The Archduke and his wife were planning to travel again to Blankenberge after their last official engagement before the summer holiday at Sarajevo in 1914 where they were killed. Blankenberg (so spelt) also figures in Phineas Finn by Anthony Trollope as the scene of a duel between Finn and another character, Lord Chiltern. The tenor Enrico Caruso attended Blankenberge for a performance in 1910. After the First World War the Blankenberge police station was bombed by an unknown perpetrator. The blast killed 2 officers and wounded 2 others. After World War II it was a regular holiday destination. Notable musical institutions were the "Eden" were popular Flemish artists performed on the board walk. The city hosted "Spécial les vacancies" in 1979 under the mayorship of Willem Content. International artist such as Joe Dassin, Boney M, Plastic Bertrand and Dalida attended this event. Later the Flemisch Private TV broadcaster VTM organised "Tien om te Zien" with musical performances of Flemish artists. Today the Flemish public radio organises yearly the "Radio 2 Zomerhit". The films Franz (1971) by Jacques Brel with Barbara , Isabelle in front of desire (1975) with Anicée Alvina, Rimbaud Verlaine (Total Eclipse) (1995) with Leonardo DiCaprio and Le Tout Nouveau Testament (2015) with Catherine Deneuve, Benoît Poelvoorde and François Damiens were notably filmed in the city (or at least in part). The World's Largest Sand Sculpture Festival, featuring giant sand sculptures (Zandsculptuur) takes place on the beach in June.

Blankenberge is located on the Belgian North Sea coast. There is a wide beach with a seawall and promenade. The town is below the sea wall so that one ascends steps to reach the sea from the town. East of Blankenberge are the Zeebos and De Fonteintjes nature reserves. To the south is the Uitkerkse Polder nature reserve.