Ghulam Ahmed Perwez

Indian Pakistani Islamic scholar (1903–1985)

Ghulam Ahmad Parwez (; 1903–1985) was a well known teacher of the Quran in India and Pakistan. He posed a challenge to the established Sunni doctrine by interpreting Quranic themes with a logical approach. The educated populace held Parwez in high esteem, despite his encounter with numerous criticisms from conservative Islamic scholars throughout his tenure. The work 'Islam: A Challenge to Religion' is widely acknowledged as one of the most significant works in the history of Pakistan, according to Nadeem F. Paracha.

Parwez was born on 9 July 1903 in Batala, Punjab, in British India. He migrated to Pakistan in 1947. He delved into the holy book of Islam and other religious texts. In 1934, he obtained a master's degree from the Punjab University. His ideas, based on modern science, helped people better understand Islam. He was introduced to Muhammad Ali Jinnah by Muhammad Iqbal. He was appointed to edit the magazine Tolu e Islam, which was established to counteract the propaganda emanating from certain religious circles that favour Congress. He was 81 years old when he passed away. Parwez argued that his insights from the Quran were in stark contrast to both capitalist and Marxist political ideologies. Before the creation of Pakistan, Parwez was recruited by Muhammad Ali Jinnah to help popularize the need for a separate homeland for Muslims in South Asia. He emphasized the importance of the government's structure in adhering to Islamic ideals. The principles of Islam, as enumerated in the Quran, require that individuals reside in a nation that upholds God's commands, rather than their own.

Even though this right almost always came before any form of authority, Parwez believed in individual freedom. Parwez, in line with this, strongly opposed slavery, arguing that it lacked any legal justification according to the Quran. Further, he said that Islam challenged the truth, validity, and very idea of religion. Parwez assessed the supporting evidence for the suppositions contained in the Quran passages that are often associated with awe inspiring happenings, celestial beings, and jinns, weighing it all objectively, without attempting to invoke the supernatural. Parwez also pushed for the adoption of Islamic socialism, a political philosophy that seeks to reorganize society in line with Islamic ideals. He argued that socialism is the most efficient means to uphold the principles of property, justice, and the distribution of wealth, as outlined in the Qur'an. In addition, he said that the Prophet was a prophet who wanted to stop capitalists and the corrupt bureaucracy of Byzantium and Persia from exploiting Quraish merchants although Quraish merchants had little contact with the traders from the then two supreme powers. He advocated the implementation of scientific and agricultural reforms to improve economic development. Parwez has been called a "quranist" by Nadeem F. Paracha, as Parwez rejected some hadith. In essence, the rejection of one well known hadeeth means the rejection of Sunnah. Further, Paracha claimed that Parwez approved praying Namaz in Urdu.