Сомалидің сыртқы қатынастары және дипломатиялық байланыстар

Foreign relations of Somalia are handled primarily by the President as the head of state, the Prime Minister as the head of government, and the Minister of Foreign Affairs of the Federal Government. According to Article 54 of the national constitution, the allocation of powers and resources between the Federal Government and the Federal Republic of Somalia's constituent Federal Member States shall be negotiated and agreed upon by the Federal Government and the Federal Member States, except in matters pertaining to foreign affairs, national defense, citizenship and immigration, and monetary policy. Article 53 also stipulates that the Federal Government shall consult the Federal Member States on major issues related to international agreements, including negotiations vis a vis foreign trade, finance and treaties. Somaliland is an unrecognised de facto sovereign state that maintains consulate level informal relations with some foreign governments.

Country Formal Relations BeganNotes Brazil is accredited to Somalia from its embassy in Nairobi, Kenya. Somalia does not have an accreditation to Brazil. Canada is accredited to Somalia from its high commission in Nairobi, Kenya. Somalia has a resident embassy in Ottawa.5 August 1975 Mexico is accredited to Somalia from its embassy in Addis Ababa, Ethiopia. Somalia does not have an accreditation to Mexico. See Somalia–United States relations

After the collapse of the Barre government and the start of the civil war in the early 1990s, the U. S. embassy in Mogadishu closed down. However, the American government never formally severed diplomatic ties with Somalia. The U. S. acknowledged and supported the internationally recognized, UN backed Transitional Federal Government as the country's national governing body. It also engages Somalia's smaller regional administrations, such as Puntland and Somaliland, to ensure broad based inclusion in the peace process. As of 2011, the United States maintains a non resident diplomatic mission for Somalia in Nairobi. In addition, the Somalia embassy in the U. S. until recently had as its ambassador designate Omar Abdirashid Ali Sharmarke, the former Prime Minister of Somalia. The Federal Government of Somalia was established on August 20, 2012, concurrent with the end of the TFG's interim mandate. The United States government subsequently released a press statement felicitating Mohamud on his victory, and promised to continue partnering with the Somali authorities. In January 2013, the U. S. announced that it was set to exchange diplomatic notes with the new central government of Somalia, re establishing official ties with the country for the first time in 20 years. According to the Department of State, the decision was made in recognition of the significant progress that the Somali authorities had achieved on both the political and war fronts. The move is expected to grant the Somali government access to new sources of development funds from American agencies as well as international bodies like the International Monetary Fund and World Bank, thereby facilitating the ongoing reconstruction process. In June 2014, in what she described as a gesture of the deepening relations between Washington and Mogadishu and faith in Somalia's stabilization efforts, U. S. Undersecretary of State Wendy Sherman announced that the United States would soon name a new ambassador to Somalia. In February 2015, U. S. President Barack Obama appointed Foreign Service veteran Katherine Simonds Dhanani as the new Ambassador of the United States to Somalia. She is the first official U. S. envoy to the country in over two decades.

Country Formal Relations Began NotesArmenia and Somalia established diplomatic relations on 28 June 2001. See China–Somalia relations

Relations between the territories of present day Somalia and China date back to antiquity, when communities in both regions engaged in commercial exchanges. On 14 December 1960, formal ties between the Somali and Chinese governments were established. Somalia and China later signed their first official trade agreement in June 1963. During the Cold War period, the Somali government maintained active relations with its Chinese counterpart. The Somali authorities campaigned for an end to China's diplomatic isolation and supported instead its entry into the United Nations. In January 1991, the Chinese embassy in Mogadishu closed down operations due to the start of the civil war in Somalia. Despite the departure of most Chinese officials, the two countries maintained a small trading relationship in the ensuing years. Total trade volume in 2002 was US$3.39 million, with Somalia exporting US$1.56 million of goods to China and importing $1.83 million. These initiatives included $6 million in economic assistance, donation of anti malaria drugs, and $3 million in debt relief. In July 2007, the Chinese state owned oil company CNOOC also signed an oil exploration agreement with the Somali government over the north central Mudug province, situated in the autonomous Puntland region. Following the establishment of the Federal Government of Somalia in mid 2012, the Chinese authorities reaffirmed their support for the Somali government and called on the international community to strengthen its commitment to the Somali peace process. China's Permanent Representative to the UN, Li Baodong, also emphasized his administration's support for the Somali federal government's stabilization plan, including the latter's efforts at "implementing an interim Constitution, carrying out its six point plan, strengthening institutional capacity, exercising government functions and extending effective authority over all its national territory." In August 2013, follow a meeting with Chinese Vice Premier Wang Yang, Somalia's Foreign Minister Fowziya Yusuf Haji Adan announced that the Somali authorities looked forward to cooperation with the Chinese government in the energy, infrastructure, national security and agriculture sectors, among others. Wang also praised the traditional friendship between both nations and re affirmed China's commitment to the Somali peace process. In September 2013, both governments signed an official cooperation agreement in Mogadishu as part of a five year national recovery plan in Somalia. The pact will see the Chinese authorities reconstruct several major infrastructural landmarks in the Somali capital and elsewhere, including the National Theatre, a hospital, and the Mogadishu Stadium, as well as the road between Galkayo and Burao in northern Somalia. In October 2014, the Chinese government also officially re opened its embassy in Mogadishu. In December 2014, Wei Hongtian presented his credentials to President Hassan Sheikh Mohamud as the newly appointed Chinese Ambassador to Somalia. He is the first such envoy after the reopening of the Chinese embassy in Mogadishu. Foreign Minister of Somalia Abdirahman Duale Beyle and Ambassador Wei subsequently held a joint press conference, wherein the officials pledged to further strengthen bilateral ties. As part of the local reconstruction process, Wei also indicated that the Chinese authorities were slated to implement various development projects in Somalia. See Japan–Somalia relations

Prior to 1991 and the start of the civil war, the Somali authorities maintained bilateral relations with the government of Japan. The Japanese administration subsequently pledged development funds through various international organizations. With the formation of the Federal Government of Somalia in 2012, the Japanese government re established formal diplomatic ties with the Somali authorities. In 2013, Japanese Prime Minister Shinzō Abe also announced that Japan would resume direct assistance to Somalia, particularly in the areas of security, industrial development, and bilateral trade and investment. In January 2014, Japan appointed Tatsushi Terada as the new Japanese Ambassador to Somalia, replacing Atoshisa Takata. Ambassador Terada concurrently presented his credentials to the Somali President Hassan Sheikh Mohamud at a ceremony in Mogadishu. During the Somali Democratic Republic, relations with North Korea were close, due to shared ideals and geopolitical interests. Both countries formally adhered to anti imperialism and Marxism–Leninism, and were aligned with the Soviet Union in the context of the wider Cold War. The Supreme Revolutionary Council established relations with the DPRK in 1970. Over the following years, military cooperation intensified, with North Korea training and equipping the Somali Armed Forces. Additionally, due to a resentment against Ethiopia over the country's involvement in the Korean War, North Korean advisers trained pro Somalia guerrilla forces active in the Ethiopian–Somali conflict. As of March 2014, North Korea and Somalia still officially maintain diplomatic relations according to the National Committee on North Korea. In 1969, Somalia and Pakistan were among the founding members of the Organisation of Islamic Cooperation (OIC). Somalia's relations with Pakistan remained strong in the following years and through the ensuing civil period, when Pakistan contributed to the UN peacekeeping operation in southern Somalia. See Qatar–Somalia relations

The State of Qatar and the Republic of Somalia maintain good relations. In March 2015, Prime Minister Omar Abdirashid Ali Sharmarke led talks with the Prime Minister of Qatar, Abdullah bin Nasser bin Khalifa Al Thani. The gathering focused on strengthening investment, commerce and governance ties between both territories, with an emphasis on stabilization initiatives. It concluded with a signed cooperative agreement in the civil aviation and education sectors. According to Sharmarke, the treaty aims to accelerate the ongoing reconstruction and development process in Somalia and to buttress local job creation. Among the agreement's stipulations, Qatar Airways is scheduled to begin making flights to the Aden Adde International Airport in Mogadishu. Somalia maintains an embassy in Qatar, with the diplomatic mission led by Ambassador Omar Idris. Qatar also has an embassy in Mogadishu, led by AmbassadorMr. Hasan Bin Hamza Asad Mohammed. In recent years bilateral relations between the two countries centered around a number of issues: the position of Somali migrants in Saudi Arabia, the position of Shia Islam in Somalia, and the export of Somali livestock. In 2014 Saudi Arabia arrested some 41.000 Somali migrants and held them in detention centers in substandard conditions before deporting them to Mogadishu. Despite being one of the richest countries, Saudi Arabia left payment for assisting these deportees to the international community that had to issue emergency appeals to donors. The harsh mass expulsions led to an outcry from human rights organisations. In January 2016, Somalia received a pledge of aid for $50 million from Saudi Arabia on the very same day it announced it was cutting ties with Saudi's Shiite rival Iran, by expelling Iranian diplomats and closing an Iranian charity in Mogadishu the Iman Khomeini Foundation for "conducting activities beyond its mandate bent on compromising the country's national security". The Somali government denied there was a link between its decision to break ties with Iran and Saudi Arabia's financial support, while the Saudi Foreign Ministry refused to comment. In November 2021, Somalia and Saudi Arabia met in the Palace Of Nations in Geneva, Switzerland to settle on the issue of illegal fishing by Saudi Fisherman in the Gulf of Aden region. During the talks, Somali Prime Minister Mohamed Hussein Roble criticized the Saudi Government for not enforcing their maritime border laws that was previously agreed with Somalia in 1967, calling them "backstabbing and deceitful Bedouins". this caused the Saudi Government to sanction him for the entirety of the talks, and for the Parliament of Somalia to censure him for two months. See Somalia–South Korea relations

South Korea officially recognizes and maintains diplomatic ties with the Federal Government of Somalia. In May 2013, Somali President Hassan Sheikh Mohamud accepted the credentials of the new South Korean Ambassador to Mogadishu, Kim Chan Woo, the first diplomatic representative of an Asian Pacific country to work in Somalia in many years. Chan Woo also announced that South Korea would re open its embassy in the Somali capital. Additionally, the Ambassador indicated that his administration would support the Somali government's ongoing reconstruction efforts, in the process making use of South Korea's own experience in post conflict rehabilitation and development gained from the Korean War. He also asserted that his administration would once again launch agricultural and technical projects in Somalia, as the South Korean authorities had done in the past. See Somalia–Turkey relations

Relations date back to the Middle Ages and the ties between the Adal Sultanate and the Ottoman Empire. Prior to the breakout of the civil war in Somalia in 1991, Turkey maintained an embassy in Mogadishu. It later discontinued operations due to security reasons. In 2011, the Turkish government announced that it would reopen its embassy in Somalia. The Somali federal government also maintains an embassy in Ankara, Turkey's capital. During the drought of 2011, Turkey contributed over $201 million to the humanitarian relief efforts in the impacted parts of Somalia. Following a greatly improved security situation in Mogadishu in mid 2011, the Turkish government also re opened its foreign embassy with the intention of more effectively assisting in the post conflict development process. It was among the first foreign administrations to resume formal diplomatic relations with Somalia after the civil war. In partnership with the Somali government, Turkish officials have also launched various development and infrastructure projects in Somalia. They have assisted in the building of several hospitals, and helped renovate and rehabilitate the Aden Adde International Airport and the National Assembly building, among other initiatives. During the Middle Ages and early modern period, the various Somali Sultanates also maintained close relations with other kingdoms across the Red Sea. In 1969, Somalia and the United Arab Emirates were among the founding members of the Organisation of Islamic Cooperation (OIC). Both nations are also members of the League of Arab States. After the start of the civil war in Somalia in 1991, the UAE maintained diplomatic relations with the Somali Transitional National Government and its successor the Transitional Federal Government, and supported their government initiatives. The UAE has also officially supported the Puntland Maritime Police Force since the military body's formation in 2010. The subsequent establishment of the Federal Government of Somalia in August 2012 was welcomed by the Emirati authorities, who re affirmed the UAE's continued support for Somalia's government, its territorial integrity and sovereignty. See Somalia–Yemen relations

Although relations between the modern day territories of Somalia and Yemen stretch back to antiquity, the two countries formally established diplomatic ties on December 18, 1960. Both nations are also members of the Arab League. Following the outbreak of the civil war in Somalia in the 1990s, the Yemeni authorities maintained relations with Somalia's newly established Transitional National Government and its successor the Transitional Federal Government. The subsequent establishment of the Federal Government of Somalia in August 2012 was also welcomed by the Yemeni authorities, who re affirmed Yemen's continued support for Somalia's government, its territorial integrity and sovereignty. Yemen also has an embassy in Mogadishu.

Country Formal Relations Began NotesArmenia and Somalia established diplomatic relations on 28 June 2001. See China–Somalia relations

Relations between the territories of present day Somalia and China date back to antiquity, when communities in both regions engaged in commercial exchanges. On 14 December 1960, formal ties between the Somali and Chinese governments were established. Somalia and China later signed their first official trade agreement in June 1963. During the Cold War period, the Somali government maintained active relations with its Chinese counterpart. The Somali authorities campaigned for an end to China's diplomatic isolation and supported instead its entry into the United Nations. In January 1991, the Chinese embassy in Mogadishu closed down operations due to the start of the civil war in Somalia. Despite the departure of most Chinese officials, the two countries maintained a small trading relationship in the ensuing years. Total trade volume in 2002 was US$3.39 million, with Somalia exporting US$1.56 million of goods to China and importing $1.83 million. These initiatives included $6 million in economic assistance, donation of anti malaria drugs, and $3 million in debt relief. In July 2007, the Chinese state owned oil company CNOOC also signed an oil exploration agreement with the Somali government over the north central Mudug province, situated in the autonomous Puntland region. Following the establishment of the Federal Government of Somalia in mid 2012, the Chinese authorities reaffirmed their support for the Somali government and called on the international community to strengthen its commitment to the Somali peace process. China's Permanent Representative to the UN, Li Baodong, also emphasized his administration's support for the Somali federal government's stabilization plan, including the latter's efforts at "implementing an interim Constitution, carrying out its six point plan, strengthening institutional capacity, exercising government functions and extending effective authority over all its national territory." In August 2013, follow a meeting with Chinese Vice Premier Wang Yang, Somalia's Foreign Minister Fowziya Yusuf Haji Adan announced that the Somali authorities looked forward to cooperation with the Chinese government in the energy, infrastructure, national security and agriculture sectors, among others. Wang also praised the traditional friendship between both nations and re affirmed China's commitment to the Somali peace process. In September 2013, both governments signed an official cooperation agreement in Mogadishu as part of a five year national recovery plan in Somalia. The pact will see the Chinese authorities reconstruct several major infrastructural landmarks in the Somali capital and elsewhere, including the National Theatre, a hospital, and the Mogadishu Stadium, as well as the road between Galkayo and Burao in northern Somalia. In October 2014, the Chinese government also officially re opened its embassy in Mogadishu. In December 2014, Wei Hongtian presented his credentials to President Hassan Sheikh Mohamud as the newly appointed Chinese Ambassador to Somalia. He is the first such envoy after the reopening of the Chinese embassy in Mogadishu. Foreign Minister of Somalia Abdirahman Duale Beyle and Ambassador Wei subsequently held a joint press conference, wherein the officials pledged to further strengthen bilateral ties. As part of the local reconstruction process, Wei also indicated that the Chinese authorities were slated to implement various development projects in Somalia. See Japan–Somalia relations

Prior to 1991 and the start of the civil war, the Somali authorities maintained bilateral relations with the government of Japan. The Japanese administration subsequently pledged development funds through various international organizations. With the formation of the Federal Government of Somalia in 2012, the Japanese government re established formal diplomatic ties with the Somali authorities. In 2013, Japanese Prime Minister Shinzō Abe also announced that Japan would resume direct assistance to Somalia, particularly in the areas of security, industrial development, and bilateral trade and investment. In January 2014, Japan appointed Tatsushi Terada as the new Japanese Ambassador to Somalia, replacing Atoshisa Takata. Ambassador Terada concurrently presented his credentials to the Somali President Hassan Sheikh Mohamud at a ceremony in Mogadishu. During the Somali Democratic Republic, relations with North Korea were close, due to shared ideals and geopolitical interests. Both countries formally adhered to anti imperialism and Marxism–Leninism, and were aligned with the Soviet Union in the context of the wider Cold War. The Supreme Revolutionary Council established relations with the DPRK in 1970. Over the following years, military cooperation intensified, with North Korea training and equipping the Somali Armed Forces. Additionally, due to a resentment against Ethiopia over the country's involvement in the Korean War, North Korean advisers trained pro Somalia guerrilla forces active in the Ethiopian–Somali conflict. As of March 2014, North Korea and Somalia still officially maintain diplomatic relations according to the National Committee on North Korea. In 1969, Somalia and Pakistan were among the founding members of the Organisation of Islamic Cooperation (OIC). Somalia's relations with Pakistan remained strong in the following years and through the ensuing civil period, when Pakistan contributed to the UN peacekeeping operation in southern Somalia. See Qatar–Somalia relations

The State of Qatar and the Republic of Somalia maintain good relations. In March 2015, Prime Minister Omar Abdirashid Ali Sharmarke led talks with the Prime Minister of Qatar, Abdullah bin Nasser bin Khalifa Al Thani. The gathering focused on strengthening investment, commerce and governance ties between both territories, with an emphasis on stabilization initiatives. It concluded with a signed cooperative agreement in the civil aviation and education sectors. According to Sharmarke, the treaty aims to accelerate the ongoing reconstruction and development process in Somalia and to buttress local job creation. Among the agreement's stipulations, Qatar Airways is scheduled to begin making flights to the Aden Adde International Airport in Mogadishu. Somalia maintains an embassy in Qatar, with the diplomatic mission led by Ambassador Omar Idris. Qatar also has an embassy in Mogadishu, led by AmbassadorMr. Hasan Bin Hamza Asad Mohammed. In recent years bilateral relations between the two countries centered around a number of issues: the position of Somali migrants in Saudi Arabia, the position of Shia Islam in Somalia, and the export of Somali livestock. In 2014 Saudi Arabia arrested some 41.000 Somali migrants and held them in detention centers in substandard conditions before deporting them to Mogadishu. Despite being one of the richest countries, Saudi Arabia left payment for assisting these deportees to the international community that had to issue emergency appeals to donors. The harsh mass expulsions led to an outcry from human rights organisations. In January 2016, Somalia received a pledge of aid for $50 million from Saudi Arabia on the very same day it announced it was cutting ties with Saudi's Shiite rival Iran, by expelling Iranian diplomats and closing an Iranian charity in Mogadishu the Iman Khomeini Foundation for "conducting activities beyond its mandate bent on compromising the country's national security". The Somali government denied there was a link between its decision to break ties with Iran and Saudi Arabia's financial support, while the Saudi Foreign Ministry refused to comment. In November 2021, Somalia and Saudi Arabia met in the Palace Of Nations in Geneva, Switzerland to settle on the issue of illegal fishing by Saudi Fisherman in the Gulf of Aden region. During the talks, Somali Prime Minister Mohamed Hussein Roble criticized the Saudi Government for not enforcing their maritime border laws that was previously agreed with Somalia in 1967, calling them "backstabbing and deceitful Bedouins". this caused the Saudi Government to sanction him for the entirety of the talks, and for the Parliament of Somalia to censure him for two months. See Somalia–South Korea relations

South Korea officially recognizes and maintains diplomatic ties with the Federal Government of Somalia. In May 2013, Somali President Hassan Sheikh Mohamud accepted the credentials of the new South Korean Ambassador to Mogadishu, Kim Chan Woo, the first diplomatic representative of an Asian Pacific country to work in Somalia in many years. Chan Woo also announced that South Korea would re open its embassy in the Somali capital. Additionally, the Ambassador indicated that his administration would support the Somali government's ongoing reconstruction efforts, in the process making use of South Korea's own experience in post conflict rehabilitation and development gained from the Korean War. He also asserted that his administration would once again launch agricultural and technical projects in Somalia, as the South Korean authorities had done in the past. See Somalia–Turkey relations

Relations date back to the Middle Ages and the ties between the Adal Sultanate and the Ottoman Empire. Prior to the breakout of the civil war in Somalia in 1991, Turkey maintained an embassy in Mogadishu. It later discontinued operations due to security reasons. In 2011, the Turkish government announced that it would reopen its embassy in Somalia. The Somali federal government also maintains an embassy in Ankara, Turkey's capital. During the drought of 2011, Turkey contributed over $201 million to the humanitarian relief efforts in the impacted parts of Somalia. Following a greatly improved security situation in Mogadishu in mid 2011, the Turkish government also re opened its foreign embassy with the intention of more effectively assisting in the post conflict development process. It was among the first foreign administrations to resume formal diplomatic relations with Somalia after the civil war. In partnership with the Somali government, Turkish officials have also launched various development and infrastructure projects in Somalia. They have assisted in the building of several hospitals, and helped renovate and rehabilitate the Aden Adde International Airport and the National Assembly building, among other initiatives. During the Middle Ages and early modern period, the various Somali Sultanates also maintained close relations with other kingdoms across the Red Sea. In 1969, Somalia and the United Arab Emirates were among the founding members of the Organisation of Islamic Cooperation (OIC). Both nations are also members of the League of Arab States. After the start of the civil war in Somalia in 1991, the UAE maintained diplomatic relations with the Somali Transitional National Government and its successor the Transitional Federal Government, and supported their government initiatives. The UAE has also officially supported the Puntland Maritime Police Force since the military body's formation in 2010. The subsequent establishment of the Federal Government of Somalia in August 2012 was welcomed by the Emirati authorities, who re affirmed the UAE's continued support for Somalia's government, its territorial integrity and sovereignty. See Somalia–Yemen relations

Although relations between the modern day territories of Somalia and Yemen stretch back to antiquity, the two countries formally established diplomatic ties on December 18, 1960. Both nations are also members of the Arab League. Following the outbreak of the civil war in Somalia in the 1990s, the Yemeni authorities maintained relations with Somalia's newly established Transitional National Government and its successor the Transitional Federal Government. The subsequent establishment of the Federal Government of Somalia in August 2012 was also welcomed by the Yemeni authorities, who re affirmed Yemen's continued support for Somalia's government, its territorial integrity and sovereignty. Yemen also has an embassy in Mogadishu.

Somalia is a member of a number of international organizations, such as the United Nations and Arab League. Other memberships includes UNESCO, the UNHCR and the World Health Organization.

Regional organizations include the African Union, African Development Bank, East African Community, and the Intergovernmental Authority on Development.