Fiat 128: Отбасылық кішкентай автомобиль

Small family car

The Fiat 128 is a transverse front engine, front wheel drive small family car manufactured and marketed by Fiat from 1969 to 1985 as a two or four door sedan, three or five door station wagon as well as two or three door coupé. The 128 running gear and engine, reconfigured for a mid engined layout, were used in the Fiat X1/9 sports car. With engineering by Dante Giacosa and engine design by Aurelio Lampredi, Fiat promoted in its advertising that mechanical features consumed only 20% of the vehicle's volume. over three million were ultimately manufactured. In 2012 automotive journalist Jamie Kitman called the 128 a "pioneer of the small cars we drive today."

The all new 1.1 litre Fiat SOHC engine, engineered by noted engine designer Aurelio Lampredi, featured an iron block mated to an aluminum head along with a belt driven single overhead camshaft producing 49 hp. The 128 was styled similarly to the 124 and 125 and featured rack and pinion steering, Pirelli 145R13 Cinturato or 145R13 Michelin ZX radial tyres, front disc brakes, independent rear suspension with a transverse leaf spring, and a strut type front suspension with integral anti roll bar. The 128 went on sale on the UK market around the same time as the Rootes Group's Hillman Avenger, and shortly before the Vauxhall Viva was transformed from its second generation to its third generation. The market leader in this sector at the time was British Leyland's 1100 and 1300 range. Sales of imported cars in the UK were in the first stages of a sharp rise in their market share at the beginning of the 1970s, with Fiat and likes of Datsun, Renault and Volkswagen being particularly successful.

The Fiat 128 Rally was a sporty, 1.3 litre engined version of the 128 two door saloon, introduced at the 41st Geneva Motor Show in March 1971 and produced up to 1974. Compared to the regular 128's 1,116 cc four cylinder engine, the Rally's type 128 AR engine had been bored out 6 mm to 86 mm—while keeping the 55.5 mm stroke—for a total displacement of
In October 1972 Fiat introduced several updates to the whole 128 saloon and Familiare range, including the 128 Rally. In particular the Rally received new upholstery (leatherette with cloth seat centres) and a black plastic protection to the front bumper tube.

In Colombia, the Fiat 128 was produced by "Compañía Colombiana Automotriz" in Bogota between 1973 and 1980. Was only offered as a 4 door sedan. Between 1973 and 1978, it was marketed as Fiat 128 L, with a 1,300 cm³ 4 cylinder engine. Starting in 1978, a version with a 1,100 cubic centimeter engine called the Fiat 128 San Remo was also offered.

Until 2009, CKD kits from Zastava were manufactured by Egypt's Nasr car company as the Nasr 128.

In Spain, SEAT manufactured its own version of a 128 berlinetta coupé, called SEAT 128 3P. it was available with two engine options, the 1.2L and the more powerful and well known 1430 engine from the SEAT 1430. Was marketed as "Three Times SEAT" in order to underline its triple combination ability of sportiness, versatility and design. The SEAT 128 never enjoyed great commercial success, however. 31,893 128s were made between 1976 1980.

In Sri Lanka, the Fiat 128 was manufactured by the Upali Motor Company until 1978. This car was commonly known as the Upali Fiat in Sri Lanka.

The Fiat X1/9 is a two seater mid engined sports car designed by Bertone and manufactured by Fiat from 1972 to 1982 and subsequently by Bertone from 1982 to 1989. Designed around the Fiat SOHC engine and transmission from the front wheel drive Fiat 128, the X1/9 relocated the transverse drive train and suspension assembly from the front of the 128 to the rear of the passenger cabin, directly in front of the rear axle, giving a mid engined layout. With a transverse engine and gearbox in a mid mounted, rear wheel drive configuration, the X1/9 was noted for its balanced handling.

The Moretti Motor Company of Turin, Italy produced the Fiat 128 based Moretti 128 in coupé and cabriolet versions. Built in the plants of via Monginevro in a semi handmade way (these custom built cars were not assembled in a chain) and in a very limited number (less than a hundred), it cost about 1,500,000 lire in 1969. The interior was very neat and could be customized with many accessories (sports steering wheel, electric windows, leather upholstery ). In 1975, the two models underwent a slight restyling (new black bumpers, wider) and equipped with the 1290 cm3 60 HP engine of the contemporary Special sedan.

Sears XDH 1 is an experimental electric car built for Sears, Roebuck and Company by their DieHard battery supplier Johnson Controls (Globe Union) in 1977 to celebrate the 10th anniversary of its DieHard brand of car batteries. The car was a Fiat 128 Coupé equipped with 20 DieHard (12 inch deep cycle marine) batteries, and an electric motor.

The ESV 2000 is an Experimental Safety Vehicle that Fiat developed in 1972 based on its 128 model. It had a totally new 5 door hatchback design, with an extra strong passenger cell, but used the mechanicals of the standard 128 with 1290 cm3 engine. The ESV 2000's weight was 360 kg (794 lbs) higher than that of the original 128.