Шығыс Шіркеуінің Патриархы тарихы мен мұрагерлігі

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The Patriarch of the Church of the East (also known as Patriarch of Babylon, Patriarch of the East, the Catholicos Patriarch of the East or the Grand Metropolitan of the East) is the patriarch, or leader and head bishop (sometimes referred to as Catholicos or universal leader) of the Church of the East. The position dates to the early centuries of Christianity within the Sassanid Empire, and the church has been known by a variety of names, including the Church of the East, Nestorian Church, the Persian Church, the Sassanid Church, or East Syrian. In the 16th and 17th century the Church, by now restricted to its original Assyrian homeland in Upper Mesopotamia, experienced a series of splits, resulting in a series of competing patriarchs and lineages. Today, the three principal churches that emerged from these splits, the Assyrian Church of the East, Ancient Church of the East and the Chaldean Catholic Church, each have their own patriarch – the Patriarch of the Assyrian Church of the East, the Patriarch of the Ancient Church of the East and the Patriarch of Baghdad of the Chaldeans, respectively.

According to Church legend, the Apostleship of Edessa (Assyria) is alleged to have been founded by Shimun Keepa (Saint Peter) (33–64), Thoma Shlikha, (Saint Thomas), Tulmay (St. Bartholomew the Apostle) and of course Mar Addai (St. Thaddeus) of the Seventy disciples. Saint Thaddeus was martyred c.66 AD.

1. Mar Thoma Shliha (c.34–50)
2. Mar Addai Shliha (c.50 66)
3. Mar Aggai (c.66–81). First successor to the Apostleship of his spiritual director the Apostle Mar Addai, one of the Seventy disciples. He in turn was the spiritual director of Mar Mari. 4. Palut of Edessa (c.81–87) renamed Mar Mari (c.87 – c.121). During his days a bishopric was formally established at Seleucia Ctesiphon. 5. Abris (Abres or Ahrasius) (121–148 AD)
6. Abraham (Abraham I of Kashker) (148–171 AD)
7. Yaqob I (Mar Yacob I) (c. 172–190 AD) son of his predecessor Abraham. 8. Ebid M’shikha (191–203)
9. Ahadabui (Ahha d'Aboui) (204–220 AD) First bishop of the East to get status as Catholic. Ordained in 231 AD in Jerusalem
10. Shahaloopa of Kashker (Shahlufa) (220–266 AD)
Bar Aggai (267–c. 280)

Around 280, visiting bishops consecrated Papa bar Aggai as Bishop of Seleucia Ctesiphon, thereby establishing the succession. With him, heads of the church took the title Catholicos. 11. Papa bar Aggai (c. 280–316 AD died 336)
12. Shemon bar Sabbae (Simeon Barsabae) (coadjutor 317–336, Catholicos from 337–341 AD)
13. Shahdost (Shalidoste) (341–343 AD)
14. Barbashmin (Barbashmin) (343–346 AD). The apostolic see of Edessa is completely abandoned in 345 AD due to persecutions against the Church of the East. 15. Tomarsa (Toumarsa) (346–370 AD)
16. Qayyoma (Qaioma) (371–399 AD)

Isaac was recognised as 'Grand Metropolitan' and Primate of the Church of the East at the Synod of Seleucia Ctesiphon in 410. The acts of this Synod were later edited by the Patriarch Joseph (552–567) to grant him the title of Catholicos as well. This title for Patriarch Isaac in fact only came into use towards the end of the fifth century. 17. Isaac (399–410 AD)
18. Ahha (Ahhi) (410–414 AD)
19. Yahballaha I (Yab Alaha I) (415–420 AD)
20. Mana (Maana) (420 AD)
21. Farbokht (Frabokht) (421 AD)

Since patriarchs of the Eliya line bore the same name ( / Elīyā) without using any pontifical numbers, later researchers were faced with several challenges, while trying to implement long standing historiographical practice of individual numeration. First attempts were made by early researchers during the 18th and 19th century, but their numeration was later (1931) revised by Eugène Tisserant, who also believed that during the period from 1558 to 1591 there were two successive Eliya patriarchs, numbered as VI (1558 1576) and VII (1576 1591), and in accordance with that he also assigned numbers (VIII XIII) to their successors. That numeration was accepted and maintained by several other scholars. In 1966 and 1969, the issue was reexamined by Albert Lampart and William Macomber, who concluded that in the period from 1558 to 1591 there was only one patriarch (Eliya VI), and in accordance with that appropriate numbers (VII XII) were reassigned to his successors. In 1999, same conclusion was reached by Heleen Murre van den Berg, who presented additional evidence in favor of the new numeration. Revised numeration was accepted in modern scholarly works, with one notable exception. Tisserant′s numeration is still advocated by David Wilmshurst, who does acknowledge the existence of only one Eliya patriarch during the period from 1558 to 1591, but counts him as Eliya "VII" and his successors as "VIII" to "XIII", without having any existing patriarch designated as Eliya VI in his works, an anomaly noticed by other scholars, but left unexplained and uncorrected by Wilmshurst, even after the additional affirmation of proper numbering, by Samuel Burleson and Lucas van Rompay, in the "Gorgias Encyclopedic Dictionary of the Syriac Heritage" (2011).