Әбу Мүслім: Аббасид революциясының басшысы

8th century Persian general who led the Abbasid Revolution
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Abu Muslim Abd al Rahman ibn Muslim al Khurasani (ابومسلم عبدالرحمان بن مسلم خراسانی; born 718/19 or 723/27, died 755) or Bihzādān Pūr Wandād Hormozd (بهزادان پور ونداد هرمزد) general who led the Abbasid Revolution that toppled the Umayyad dynasty, leading to the establishment of the Abbasid Caliphate. Little is known about Abu Muslim's origins, but by the early 740s he had been in contact with Abbasid agents and around the year 745 he was sent to Khorasan. In 747, Abu Muslim ignited an open revolt against Umayyad rule and quickly took Merv. He gradually strengthened Abbasid control over Khorasan, and was appointed governor of the province following the establishment of the Abbasid caliphate in 750. Wary of Abu Muslim's rising influence and popularity, the second Abbasid caliph, al Mansur, ordered his death. He was executed in front of the caliph in Al Mada'in in 755 on charges of heresy.

According to Gholam Hosayn Yusofi, "sources differ regarding his original name and his origin. Some make him a descendant of Gōdarz and of the vizier Bozorgmehr and call him Ebrāhīm; some name him Behzādān, son of Vendād Hormoz; and others relate him to the Abbasids or to the Alids. These suggestions are all doubtful". He was most likely of Persian origin, and was born in either Merv or near Isfahan. of the Banu Ijl clan.

After the establishment of the Abbasid regime, Abu Muslim remained in Khurasan as its governor. al Mansur then signaled five of his guards behind a portico to kill him. Abu Muslim's mutilated body was thrown in the river Tigris, and his commanders were bribed to acquiesce to the murder.

Abu Muslim's eventual downfall and execution on charges of heresy have contributed to doubts cast on the sincerity of his Islamic faith. In particular this includes his close relationship with the mobad Sunpadh and his repeated praise of Zoroastrianism. Following his successful campaign in Gorgan, there is a report of a tribesman being able to bypass Abu Muslim's line and relay news of the Umayyad's destruction by shaving his beard, donning a kushti, and pretending to be a Zoroastrian (tassabbaha bi'l majus), which suggests his ranks were of Zoroastrian origin. Furthermore, there are records indicating that Abu Muslim planned to execute all Arabic speakers in Khorasan.<blockquote>Whenever he was alone with Zoroastrians, he would say, "According to one of the books of the Sasanians which I have found, the Arab empire is finished. I shall not tum back until I have destroyed the Kaba, for this has been [wrongly] substituted for the sun; we shall make the sun our qibla as it was in olden time"

His murder was not well received by the residents of Khurasan, and there was resentment and rebellion among the population over the brutal methods used by Al Mansur.