Поляк тілі әліпбиінің сипаттамасы

Script of the Polish language

The Polish alphabet (Polish: alfabet polski, abecadło) is the script of the Polish language, the basis for the Polish system of orthography. It is based on the Latin alphabet but includes certain letters with diacritics: the acute accent (kreska; ); the overdot (kropka; ); the tail or ogonek ; and the stroke , , and , which are used only in foreign words, are usually absent from the Polish alphabet. However, prior to the standardization of Polish spelling, was sometimes used in place of
Modified variations of the Polish alphabet are used for writing Silesian and Kashubian, whereas the Sorbian languages use a mixture of Polish and Czech orthography.

The spoken Polish names of the letters are given in the table under Letters above. The names of the letters are not normally written out in the way shown above, except as part of certain lexicalized abbreviations, such as Pekao (or PeKaO), the name of a bank, which represents the spoken form of the abbreviation P. K. O. (for Polska Kasa Opieki). Some letters may be referred to in alternative ways, often consisting of just the sound of the letter. For example, may be called y rather than igrek (from 'Greek i'). When giving the spelling of words, certain letters may be said in more emphatic ways to distinguish them from other identically pronounced characters. For example, may be referred to as samo ha ('h alone') to distinguish it from (ce ha). may be called żet z kropką or zet z kropką ('z with an overdot') to distinguish it from (er zet). may be called u otwarte ('open u', a reference to its graphical form) or u zwykłe ('normal u') to distinguish it from , which is sometimes called u zamknięte ('closed u') or ó kreskowane, o kreskowane, o z kreską ('dashed ó', 'dashed o', 'o with a dash').

Polish alphabetical ordering uses the order of letters as in the table under Letters above. Note that (unlike in languages such as French, Spanish, and German) Polish letters with diacritics are treated as fully independent letters in alphabetical ordering. For example, być comes after bycie. The accented letters also have their own sections in dictionaries (words beginning with are not usually listed under ). Digraphs are not given any special treatment in alphabetical ordering. For example, is treated simply as followed by and not as a single letter as in Czech.