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Введение
Железная дорога Брайенц-Ротхорн достигает высоты 2244 метра над уровнем моря и является четвёртой по высоте железной дорогой в Швейцарии.
The Brienz Rothorn Railway reaches a height of 2,244 metres above sea level and is the fourth highest railway in Switzerland.
История
Железная дорога была открыта 17 июня 1892 года после двухлетнего периода строительства. Два проектировщика, инженер Александр Линднер и подрядчик Тео Бертчингер, получили поддержку от пионера горных железных дорог Романа Абта, который отвечал за оснащение линии его недавно разработанной системой зубчатой передачи Abt с двойными ламелями. Линия соединялась в Бриенце с железнодорожной линией Брюниг, открытой в 1888 году из Бриенца в восточном направлении к Люцерну. Однако железная дорога Брюниг была продлена на запад до Интерлакена только в 1916 году, поэтому многие первые путешественники к Ротхорну должны были прибывать водным транспортом по озеру Бриенц. Линия быстро столкнулась с финансовыми трудностями. Она была спроектирована для перевозки 25 000 пассажиров в год, но в первый год перевезла всего 5 000 пассажиров. Туристический поток был дополнительно снижен открытием железной дороги Шниге-Платте в 1895 году и Юнгфраубан в 1898 году. Движение поездов было приостановлено 1 августа 1914 года из-за Первой мировой войны, но не возобновилось после ее окончания. Проводилось необходимое техническое обслуживание, а в 1918 году с Planalp было перевезено небольшое количество лесоматериалов. В 1924 и 1925 годах вагоны были сданы в аренду железной дороге Шниге-Платте, что обеспечило финансирование ремонтных работ. Линия была вновь открыта 13 июня 1931 года, а первый поезд, достигший вершины за 17 лет, прошел за четыре дня до этого. Железная дорога находилась в хорошем состоянии благодаря постоянному техническому обслуживанию. В отличие от других горных железных дорог Швейцарии, BRB не была электрифицирована, что делало ее особой достопримечательностью, поскольку с 1953 по 1990 год она была единственной в Швейцарии, работающей на паровой тяге. Хотя другие швейцарские горные железные дороги предлагают специальные "паровые" поездки, эта – единственная, предлагающая полноценное паровое сообщение, дизельный локомотив используется только для дополнительных поездов и в периоды небольшого движения.
The railway was opened on 17 June 1892, after a two years construction period. The two designers, engineer Alexander Lindner and contractor Theo Bertschinger were supported by the mountain railway pioneer Roman Abt, who had responsibility for equipping the line with his newly developed Abt double lamella rack system. The line connected at Brienz with the Brünig railway line, which had been opened in 1888 from Brienz eastwards towards Lucerne. However, the Brünig railway was not extended westward to Interlaken until 1916, so many early travelers to the Rothorn had to arrive by boat service on Lake Brienz. The line was quickly in financial difficulties. The line was designed to carry 25,000 passengers per year, but only managed 5,000 passengers in the first year. Tourist traffic was further affected by the opening of Schynige Platte Railway in 1895 and the Jungfraubahn in 1898. Train service was suspended on 1 August 1914 as a result of the First World War, but did not resume when the war ended. Essential maintenance was carried out and a small amount of timber traffic was carried from Planalp in 1918. Carriages were hired to the Schynige Platte Railway in 1924 and 1925, providing funds for the maintenance work. The line was finally re opened on 13 June 1931, the first train to reach the summit in 17 years having run four days earlier. The railway was in good condition because of the continued maintenance. Unlike other Swiss mountain lines, the BRB was not electrified and this made the railway a special attraction as from 1953 to 1990 it was the only steam operated line in Switzerland. Although other Swiss mountain railways offer special "steam" trips, this is the only line to offer a full steam service, the Diesel locomotive only being used for additional trains and for light traffic periods.
Маршрут
BRB имеет большую протяженность с максимальным уклоном 1 к 4 (25%) и включает пять туннелей. Он начинается в Бриенце на высоте над уровнем моря, от терминала напротив станции Бриенц линии Брюниг компании Zentralbahn. Рядом также находится причал, используемый судоходными услугами BLS AG на озере Бриенц.
The BRB is long with a maximum gradient of 1 in 4 (25%) and includes five tunnels. It begins in Brienz at above sea level, from a terminus opposite the Brienz station of the Zentralbahn company's Brünig line. Also nearby is the quay used by the BLS AG shipping services on Lake Brienz.
Локомотивы и подвижной состав
Все паровозы относятся к классу H2/3, что указывает на то, что две из трех осей являются ведущими, что дает колесную формулу (система Уайта) 0-4-2. Старейшие локомотивы имеют конструкцию с боковым баком, известную как "корова на коленях", являющуюся стандартной продукцией SLM. Современные паровозы используют эффективную технологию парового отопления "легким маслом" и были построены компанией SLM (бывший Швейцарский локомотивостроительный и машиностроительный завод) из Винтертура. Прототип дизельного локомотива класса Hm2/2, номер 8, был поставлен в 1973 году, но в 1995 году продан компании Chemin de fer Montreux Glion Rochers de Naye, где получил номер 4. Новые дизельные локомотивы были построены компанией Ferdinand Steck Maschinenfabrik и имеют колесную формулу (система Уайта) 0-4-0 и конструкцию "корова на коленях".
All steam locomotives are Class H2/3, indicating that two of the three axles are driven, giving a wheel arrangement (Whyte System) of 0 4 2. The older locomotives are a side tank, "kneeling cow" design of a standard SLM product. The modern steam locomotives use an efficient "light oil" fired steam technology and were built by SLM (former Swiss Locomotive and Machine Works) of Winterthur. A prototype Diesel locomotive, class Hm2/2, number 8, was delivered in 1973, but sold to the Chemin de fer Montreux Glion Rochers de Naye in 1995 as their Number 4. New Diesel locomotives were constructed by Ferdinand Steck Maschinenfabrik and are of (Whyte System) 0 4 0 wheel arrangement to a "kneeling cow" design. Brienz Rothorn Bahn Locomotives BRB No. Builder(s) Works No. Year Built Type Notes 1 (I) SLM 688 1891 Steam Scrapped 1961 1 (II) SLM 693 1892 Steam Ex MGN, 1962 1892 1941 was Monte Generoso 7 2 SLM 689 1891 Steam 3 SLM 719 1892 Steam Out of service since 1993. Withdrawn 2005 and displayed at the Steck premises at Bowil. Now returned to the depot in Brienz. 4 SLM 720 1892 Steam Out of service since 1993 5 SLM 690 1891 Steam Ex WAB1 1912 6 SLM 3567 1933 Steam — Geared 7 SLM 3611 1936 Steam — Geared 8 Reggazoni Buhler Caterpillar 1973 Diesel hydraulic Prototype Class Hm2/2. Sold to MGR, 1995 9 Steck 1976 Diesel hydraulic Class Hm2/2 10 Steck 1976 Diesel hydraulic Class Hm2/2 11 Steck 1986 Diesel hydraulic Class Hm2/2 12 SLM 5456 1992 Steam 14 SLM 5689 1996 Steam 15 SLM 5690 1996 Steam 16 SLM 5457 1992 Steam Ex MGR 1, 2005
Coaching Stock of the Brienz Rothorn Bahn. BRB No. Builder Date Built No. of Wheels (Bogies) Seats Notes B1 1892 8 (2 x 2 axle bogies) 40 B3 1972 8 (2 x 2 axle bogies) 56 Arched Roof B4 1972 8 (2 x 2 axle bogies) 56 Arched Roof B5 1972 8 (2 x 2 axle bogies) 56 Arched Roof B6 1972 8 (2 x 2 axle bogies) 56 Arched Roof B7 1972 8 (2 x 2 axle bogies) 56 Arched Roof B8 1972 8 (2 x 2 axle bogies) 56 Arched Roof B9 1972 8 (2 x 2 axle bogies) 56 Arched Roof B11 1892 8 (2 x 2 axle bogies) 48 B12 1892 8 (2 x 2 axle bogies) 48 B14 1987 8 (2 x 2 axle bogies) 60 Lightweight B15 1987 8 (2 x 2 axle bogies) 60 Lightweight B16 1933 8 (2 x 2 axle bogies) 48 B21 1892 4 28 Semi open B26 1933 4 32 B27 1933 6 40 "Bistrowagen"
Локомотивы Brienz Rothorn Bahn (BRB)
All steam locomotives are Class H2/3, indicating that two of the three axles are driven, giving a wheel arrangement (Whyte System) of 0 4 2. The older locomotives are a side tank, "kneeling cow" design of a standard SLM product. The modern steam locomotives use an efficient "light oil" fired steam technology and were built by SLM (former Swiss Locomotive and Machine Works) of Winterthur. A prototype Diesel locomotive, class Hm2/2, number 8, was delivered in 1973, but sold to the Chemin de fer Montreux Glion Rochers de Naye in 1995 as their Number 4. New Diesel locomotives were constructed by Ferdinand Steck Maschinenfabrik and are of (Whyte System) 0 4 0 wheel arrangement to a "kneeling cow" design. Brienz Rothorn Bahn Locomotives BRB No. Builder(s) Works No. Year Built Type Notes 1 (I) SLM 688 1891 Steam Scrapped 1961 1 (II) SLM 693 1892 Steam Ex MGN, 1962 1892 1941 was Monte Generoso 7 2 SLM 689 1891 Steam 3 SLM 719 1892 Steam Out of service since 1993. Withdrawn 2005 and displayed at the Steck premises at Bowil. Now returned to the depot in Brienz. 4 SLM 720 1892 Steam Out of service since 1993 5 SLM 690 1891 Steam Ex WAB1 1912 6 SLM 3567 1933 Steam — Geared 7 SLM 3611 1936 Steam — Geared 8 Reggazoni Buhler Caterpillar 1973 Diesel hydraulic Prototype Class Hm2/2. Sold to MGR, 1995 9 Steck 1976 Diesel hydraulic Class Hm2/2 10 Steck 1976 Diesel hydraulic Class Hm2/2 11 Steck 1986 Diesel hydraulic Class Hm2/2 12 SLM 5456 1992 Steam 14 SLM 5689 1996 Steam 15 SLM 5690 1996 Steam 16 SLM 5457 1992 Steam Ex MGR 1, 2005
Coaching Stock of the Brienz Rothorn Bahn. BRB No. Builder Date Built No. of Wheels (Bogies) Seats Notes B1 1892 8 (2 x 2 axle bogies) 40 B3 1972 8 (2 x 2 axle bogies) 56 Arched Roof B4 1972 8 (2 x 2 axle bogies) 56 Arched Roof B5 1972 8 (2 x 2 axle bogies) 56 Arched Roof B6 1972 8 (2 x 2 axle bogies) 56 Arched Roof B7 1972 8 (2 x 2 axle bogies) 56 Arched Roof B8 1972 8 (2 x 2 axle bogies) 56 Arched Roof B9 1972 8 (2 x 2 axle bogies) 56 Arched Roof B11 1892 8 (2 x 2 axle bogies) 48 B12 1892 8 (2 x 2 axle bogies) 48 B14 1987 8 (2 x 2 axle bogies) 60 Lightweight B15 1987 8 (2 x 2 axle bogies) 60 Lightweight B16 1933 8 (2 x 2 axle bogies) 48 B21 1892 4 28 Semi open B26 1933 4 32 B27 1933 6 40 "Bistrowagen"
| BRB No. | Строитель(и) | Заводской номер | Год постройки | Тип | Примечания |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 (I) | SLM | 688 | 1891 | Паровоз | Списан в 1961 |
| 1 (II) | SLM | 693 | 1892 | Паровоз | Бывший MGN, 1962. В 1892-1941 гг. был Monte Generoso 7 |
| 2 | SLM | 689 | 1891 | Паровоз | |
| 3 | SLM | 719 | 1892 | Паровоз | Выведен из эксплуатации с 1993 года. Списан в 2005 году и выставлен на территории компании Steck в Бовиле. В настоящее время возвращен в депо в Брайенце. |
| 4 | SLM | 720 | 1892 | Паровоз | Выведен из эксплуатации с 1993 года |
| 5 | SLM | 690 | 1891 | Паровоз | Ex WAB1 1912 |
| 6 | SLM | 3567 | 1933 | Паровоз | Зубчатый привод |
| 7 | SLM | 3611 | 1936 | Паровоз | Зубчатый привод |
| 8 | Reggazoni Buhler Caterpillar | - | 1973 | Дизель-гидравлический | Прототип класса Hm2/2. Продан MGR в 1995 году |
| 9 | Steck | - | 1976 | Дизель-гидравлический | Класс Hm2/2 |
| 10 | Steck | - | 1976 | Дизель-гидравлический | Класс Hm2/2 |
| 11 | Steck | - | 1986 | Дизель-гидравлический | Класс Hm2/2 |
| 12 | SLM | 5456 | 1992 | Паровоз | |
| 14 | SLM | 5689 | 1996 | Паровоз | |
| 15 | SLM | 5690 | 1996 | Паровоз | |
| 16 | SLM | 5457 | 1992 | Паровоз | Ex MGR 1, 2005 |
All steam locomotives are Class H2/3, indicating that two of the three axles are driven, giving a wheel arrangement (Whyte System) of 0 4 2. The older locomotives are a side tank, "kneeling cow" design of a standard SLM product. The modern steam locomotives use an efficient "light oil" fired steam technology and were built by SLM (former Swiss Locomotive and Machine Works) of Winterthur. A prototype Diesel locomotive, class Hm2/2, number 8, was delivered in 1973, but sold to the Chemin de fer Montreux Glion Rochers de Naye in 1995 as their Number 4. New Diesel locomotives were constructed by Ferdinand Steck Maschinenfabrik and are of (Whyte System) 0 4 0 wheel arrangement to a "kneeling cow" design. Brienz Rothorn Bahn Locomotives BRB No. Builder(s) Works No. Year Built Type Notes 1 (I) SLM 688 1891 Steam Scrapped 1961 1 (II) SLM 693 1892 Steam Ex MGN, 1962 1892 1941 was Monte Generoso 7 2 SLM 689 1891 Steam 3 SLM 719 1892 Steam Out of service since 1993. Withdrawn 2005 and displayed at the Steck premises at Bowil. Now returned to the depot in Brienz. 4 SLM 720 1892 Steam Out of service since 1993 5 SLM 690 1891 Steam Ex WAB1 1912 6 SLM 3567 1933 Steam — Geared 7 SLM 3611 1936 Steam — Geared 8 Reggazoni Buhler Caterpillar 1973 Diesel hydraulic Prototype Class Hm2/2. Sold to MGR, 1995 9 Steck 1976 Diesel hydraulic Class Hm2/2 10 Steck 1976 Diesel hydraulic Class Hm2/2 11 Steck 1986 Diesel hydraulic Class Hm2/2 12 SLM 5456 1992 Steam 14 SLM 5689 1996 Steam 15 SLM 5690 1996 Steam 16 SLM 5457 1992 Steam Ex MGR 1, 2005
Coaching Stock of the Brienz Rothorn Bahn. BRB No. Builder Date Built No. of Wheels (Bogies) Seats Notes B1 1892 8 (2 x 2 axle bogies) 40 B3 1972 8 (2 x 2 axle bogies) 56 Arched Roof B4 1972 8 (2 x 2 axle bogies) 56 Arched Roof B5 1972 8 (2 x 2 axle bogies) 56 Arched Roof B6 1972 8 (2 x 2 axle bogies) 56 Arched Roof B7 1972 8 (2 x 2 axle bogies) 56 Arched Roof B8 1972 8 (2 x 2 axle bogies) 56 Arched Roof B9 1972 8 (2 x 2 axle bogies) 56 Arched Roof B11 1892 8 (2 x 2 axle bogies) 48 B12 1892 8 (2 x 2 axle bogies) 48 B14 1987 8 (2 x 2 axle bogies) 60 Lightweight B15 1987 8 (2 x 2 axle bogies) 60 Lightweight B16 1933 8 (2 x 2 axle bogies) 48 B21 1892 4 28 Semi open B26 1933 4 32 B27 1933 6 40 "Bistrowagen"
Вагоны Brienz Rothorn Bahn
All steam locomotives are Class H2/3, indicating that two of the three axles are driven, giving a wheel arrangement (Whyte System) of 0 4 2. The older locomotives are a side tank, "kneeling cow" design of a standard SLM product. The modern steam locomotives use an efficient "light oil" fired steam technology and were built by SLM (former Swiss Locomotive and Machine Works) of Winterthur. A prototype Diesel locomotive, class Hm2/2, number 8, was delivered in 1973, but sold to the Chemin de fer Montreux Glion Rochers de Naye in 1995 as their Number 4. New Diesel locomotives were constructed by Ferdinand Steck Maschinenfabrik and are of (Whyte System) 0 4 0 wheel arrangement to a "kneeling cow" design. Brienz Rothorn Bahn Locomotives BRB No. Builder(s) Works No. Year Built Type Notes 1 (I) SLM 688 1891 Steam Scrapped 1961 1 (II) SLM 693 1892 Steam Ex MGN, 1962 1892 1941 was Monte Generoso 7 2 SLM 689 1891 Steam 3 SLM 719 1892 Steam Out of service since 1993. Withdrawn 2005 and displayed at the Steck premises at Bowil. Now returned to the depot in Brienz. 4 SLM 720 1892 Steam Out of service since 1993 5 SLM 690 1891 Steam Ex WAB1 1912 6 SLM 3567 1933 Steam — Geared 7 SLM 3611 1936 Steam — Geared 8 Reggazoni Buhler Caterpillar 1973 Diesel hydraulic Prototype Class Hm2/2. Sold to MGR, 1995 9 Steck 1976 Diesel hydraulic Class Hm2/2 10 Steck 1976 Diesel hydraulic Class Hm2/2 11 Steck 1986 Diesel hydraulic Class Hm2/2 12 SLM 5456 1992 Steam 14 SLM 5689 1996 Steam 15 SLM 5690 1996 Steam 16 SLM 5457 1992 Steam Ex MGR 1, 2005
Coaching Stock of the Brienz Rothorn Bahn. BRB No. Builder Date Built No. of Wheels (Bogies) Seats Notes B1 1892 8 (2 x 2 axle bogies) 40 B3 1972 8 (2 x 2 axle bogies) 56 Arched Roof B4 1972 8 (2 x 2 axle bogies) 56 Arched Roof B5 1972 8 (2 x 2 axle bogies) 56 Arched Roof B6 1972 8 (2 x 2 axle bogies) 56 Arched Roof B7 1972 8 (2 x 2 axle bogies) 56 Arched Roof B8 1972 8 (2 x 2 axle bogies) 56 Arched Roof B9 1972 8 (2 x 2 axle bogies) 56 Arched Roof B11 1892 8 (2 x 2 axle bogies) 48 B12 1892 8 (2 x 2 axle bogies) 48 B14 1987 8 (2 x 2 axle bogies) 60 Lightweight B15 1987 8 (2 x 2 axle bogies) 60 Lightweight B16 1933 8 (2 x 2 axle bogies) 48 B21 1892 4 28 Semi open B26 1933 4 32 B27 1933 6 40 "Bistrowagen"
All steam locomotives are Class H2/3, indicating that two of the three axles are driven, giving a wheel arrangement (Whyte System) of 0 4 2. The older locomotives are a side tank, "kneeling cow" design of a standard SLM product. The modern steam locomotives use an efficient "light oil" fired steam technology and were built by SLM (former Swiss Locomotive and Machine Works) of Winterthur. A prototype Diesel locomotive, class Hm2/2, number 8, was delivered in 1973, but sold to the Chemin de fer Montreux Glion Rochers de Naye in 1995 as their Number 4. New Diesel locomotives were constructed by Ferdinand Steck Maschinenfabrik and are of (Whyte System) 0 4 0 wheel arrangement to a "kneeling cow" design. Brienz Rothorn Bahn Locomotives BRB No. Builder(s) Works No. Year Built Type Notes 1 (I) SLM 688 1891 Steam Scrapped 1961 1 (II) SLM 693 1892 Steam Ex MGN, 1962 1892 1941 was Monte Generoso 7 2 SLM 689 1891 Steam 3 SLM 719 1892 Steam Out of service since 1993. Withdrawn 2005 and displayed at the Steck premises at Bowil. Now returned to the depot in Brienz. 4 SLM 720 1892 Steam Out of service since 1993 5 SLM 690 1891 Steam Ex WAB1 1912 6 SLM 3567 1933 Steam — Geared 7 SLM 3611 1936 Steam — Geared 8 Reggazoni Buhler Caterpillar 1973 Diesel hydraulic Prototype Class Hm2/2. Sold to MGR, 1995 9 Steck 1976 Diesel hydraulic Class Hm2/2 10 Steck 1976 Diesel hydraulic Class Hm2/2 11 Steck 1986 Diesel hydraulic Class Hm2/2 12 SLM 5456 1992 Steam 14 SLM 5689 1996 Steam 15 SLM 5690 1996 Steam 16 SLM 5457 1992 Steam Ex MGR 1, 2005
Coaching Stock of the Brienz Rothorn Bahn. BRB No. Builder Date Built No. of Wheels (Bogies) Seats Notes B1 1892 8 (2 x 2 axle bogies) 40 B3 1972 8 (2 x 2 axle bogies) 56 Arched Roof B4 1972 8 (2 x 2 axle bogies) 56 Arched Roof B5 1972 8 (2 x 2 axle bogies) 56 Arched Roof B6 1972 8 (2 x 2 axle bogies) 56 Arched Roof B7 1972 8 (2 x 2 axle bogies) 56 Arched Roof B8 1972 8 (2 x 2 axle bogies) 56 Arched Roof B9 1972 8 (2 x 2 axle bogies) 56 Arched Roof B11 1892 8 (2 x 2 axle bogies) 48 B12 1892 8 (2 x 2 axle bogies) 48 B14 1987 8 (2 x 2 axle bogies) 60 Lightweight B15 1987 8 (2 x 2 axle bogies) 60 Lightweight B16 1933 8 (2 x 2 axle bogies) 48 B21 1892 4 28 Semi open B26 1933 4 32 B27 1933 6 40 "Bistrowagen"