Введение
Виртуальная экскурсия – это структурированный онлайн-опыт обучения, представляющий собой управляемое исследование Всемирной паутины, организованное в виде коллекции предварительно отобранных, тематически связанных веб-страниц (Foley, 2003). С 2007 года появилась другая, динамичная и интерактивная форма виртуальной экскурсии, доступная бесплатно. Первой была Pilbara VFT (pilbara.mq.edu.au), а затем появился более обширный и актуальный набор VFT, посвященных астробиологии, на vft.asu.edu. Неинтерактивные формы VFT представляют собой взаимосвязанную коллекцию изображений, сопроводительного текста и/или других медиафайлов, доставляемых в электронном виде через Всемирную паутину в формате, позволяющем профессионально представить суть посещения определенного места или времени. Виртуальный опыт становится уникальной частью жизненного опыта участников (Nix, 1999). Виртуальные экскурсии (VFT) начали появляться примерно в 1995 году (LEARNZ), но значительно выросли в популярности, начиная с 2000 года. VFT рассматривались как способ организовать образовательный потенциал интернета последовательным и подходящим образом, особенно для начального и среднего образования. VFT может включать в себя подборку веб-страниц, посвященных определенной теме, объединенных в структурированный пакет, ориентированный на определенный класс. Часто такие VFT предоставляются коммерческими дистрибьюторами, например, Tramline (www.tramline.com).
Virtual field trips (VFTs) started appearing around 1995 (LEARNZ), but greatly grew in popularity starting around 2000. The VFT was seen as a way to organize the educational potential of the internet in a coherent, appropriate fashion, particularly for primary and secondary education. A VFT can contain a selection of topic specific web pages that are strung together into a grade targeted, organized package. Often these types of VFT are provided by commercial distributors, such as Tramline. www. tramline. com
There are a number of different formats used for VFTs and if you do a search on the Web, you will find thousands of trips. Some trips simply consist of a list of links on one web page, while other trips use some type of navigator (or buttons) to move through the tour. Following current pedagogy; in its best implementation, a VFT is a real time guided field trip that is supported by interactive pages on the Web that have been selected by educators and arranged in a "thread" that teachers and students can follow in either lineal or broad searching. The live links with experts on site in real time is a key aspect in creating a "real" experience for students. For example, with LEARNZ virtual field trips students have asked questions of scientists in Antarctica, mining staff underground and even electrical engineers on the top of wind turbines. Real time virtual field trips involve the use of videoconferencing and audioconferencing technologies to permit students in one location to virtually visit and learn about people or places in another location. The use of Tandberg and other sound stations make this form of communication more accessible in education. H.323 videoconferencing is increasingly used for educational virtual field trips, since this connectivity option eliminates connection costs over the commodity Internet. A virtual field trip is a simulated, real time field trip. In the case of interactive video conferencing, "students interact, in a live even, with a remotely located field trip host." Cole, Ray, Zanetis 2004
A virtual field trip for elementary learners is the opportunity to explore and see places, things, and people not normally seen on a typical classroom day. During a classroom virtual field trip, students can explore places across the high seas, states across our country, and many nearby or far away people, places, and things. This is an opportunity to see and experience the world without ever leaving the classroom. The virtual field trip is cost effective to schools. It eliminates the costs of renting transportation, additional insurance coverage and the cost of chaperons. Elementary school teachers can explore many virtual field trip options through websites like Discovery Ed. There is a tremendous amount of information on the internet for planning virtual field trips geared towards this learning age. It is simple to find resources by searching the words 'virtual field trip for elementary learners' on the web.
Существует множество различных форматов VFT, и при поиске в интернете можно найти тысячи таких экскурсий. Некоторые из них представляют собой просто список ссылок на одной веб-странице, в то время как другие используют навигатор (или кнопки) для перемещения по туру. В соответствии с современной педагогикой, в лучшем своем исполнении VFT – это экскурсия в режиме реального времени, поддерживаемая интерактивными веб-страницами, отобранными преподавателями и организованными в последовательную цепочку, по которой учителя и ученики могут следовать линейно или осуществлять широкий поиск. Ключевым аспектом создания "реального" опыта для учащихся является возможность прямой связи с экспертами на месте. Например, в рамках виртуальных экскурсий LEARNZ ученики задавали вопросы ученым в Антарктиде, шахтерам под землей и даже инженерам-электрикам на вершинах ветряных турбин. Виртуальные экскурсии в реальном времени включают использование технологий видео- и аудиоконференцсвязи, позволяющих учащимся в одном месте виртуально посещать и узнавать о людях или местах в другом месте. Использование станций Tandberg и других звуковых систем делает эту форму общения более доступной в образовании. Видеоконференцсвязь H.323 все чаще используется для образовательных виртуальных экскурсий, поскольку этот вариант подключения устраняет затраты на соединение через обычный интернет. Виртуальная экскурсия – это имитация экскурсии в реальном времени. В случае интерактивной видеоконференцсвязи "ученики взаимодействуют в прямом эфире с ведущим экскурсии, находящимся в удаленном месте" (Cole, Ray, Zanetis 2004).
Virtual field trips (VFTs) started appearing around 1995 (LEARNZ), but greatly grew in popularity starting around 2000. The VFT was seen as a way to organize the educational potential of the internet in a coherent, appropriate fashion, particularly for primary and secondary education. A VFT can contain a selection of topic specific web pages that are strung together into a grade targeted, organized package. Often these types of VFT are provided by commercial distributors, such as Tramline. www. tramline. com
There are a number of different formats used for VFTs and if you do a search on the Web, you will find thousands of trips. Some trips simply consist of a list of links on one web page, while other trips use some type of navigator (or buttons) to move through the tour. Following current pedagogy; in its best implementation, a VFT is a real time guided field trip that is supported by interactive pages on the Web that have been selected by educators and arranged in a "thread" that teachers and students can follow in either lineal or broad searching. The live links with experts on site in real time is a key aspect in creating a "real" experience for students. For example, with LEARNZ virtual field trips students have asked questions of scientists in Antarctica, mining staff underground and even electrical engineers on the top of wind turbines. Real time virtual field trips involve the use of videoconferencing and audioconferencing technologies to permit students in one location to virtually visit and learn about people or places in another location. The use of Tandberg and other sound stations make this form of communication more accessible in education. H.323 videoconferencing is increasingly used for educational virtual field trips, since this connectivity option eliminates connection costs over the commodity Internet. A virtual field trip is a simulated, real time field trip. In the case of interactive video conferencing, "students interact, in a live even, with a remotely located field trip host." Cole, Ray, Zanetis 2004
A virtual field trip for elementary learners is the opportunity to explore and see places, things, and people not normally seen on a typical classroom day. During a classroom virtual field trip, students can explore places across the high seas, states across our country, and many nearby or far away people, places, and things. This is an opportunity to see and experience the world without ever leaving the classroom. The virtual field trip is cost effective to schools. It eliminates the costs of renting transportation, additional insurance coverage and the cost of chaperons. Elementary school teachers can explore many virtual field trip options through websites like Discovery Ed. There is a tremendous amount of information on the internet for planning virtual field trips geared towards this learning age. It is simple to find resources by searching the words 'virtual field trip for elementary learners' on the web.
Виртуальная экскурсия для учащихся начальной школы – это возможность исследовать и увидеть места, вещи и людей, с которыми обычно нельзя встретиться в классе. Во время виртуальной экскурсии в классе ученики могут исследовать места за морями, штаты нашей страны, а также множество близких и далеких людей, мест и вещей. Это возможность увидеть и познать мир, не покидая стен класса. Виртуальные экскурсии экономически выгодны для школ, поскольку они устраняют расходы на аренду транспорта, дополнительное страхование и оплату сопровождающих. Учителя начальной школы могут найти множество вариантов виртуальных экскурсий на сайтах, таких как Discovery Ed. В интернете имеется огромное количество информации для планирования виртуальных экскурсий, ориентированных на этот возраст. Легко найти ресурсы, выполнив поиск по запросу "виртуальная экскурсия для учащихся начальной школы" в интернете.
Virtual field trips (VFTs) started appearing around 1995 (LEARNZ), but greatly grew in popularity starting around 2000. The VFT was seen as a way to organize the educational potential of the internet in a coherent, appropriate fashion, particularly for primary and secondary education. A VFT can contain a selection of topic specific web pages that are strung together into a grade targeted, organized package. Often these types of VFT are provided by commercial distributors, such as Tramline. www. tramline. com
There are a number of different formats used for VFTs and if you do a search on the Web, you will find thousands of trips. Some trips simply consist of a list of links on one web page, while other trips use some type of navigator (or buttons) to move through the tour. Following current pedagogy; in its best implementation, a VFT is a real time guided field trip that is supported by interactive pages on the Web that have been selected by educators and arranged in a "thread" that teachers and students can follow in either lineal or broad searching. The live links with experts on site in real time is a key aspect in creating a "real" experience for students. For example, with LEARNZ virtual field trips students have asked questions of scientists in Antarctica, mining staff underground and even electrical engineers on the top of wind turbines. Real time virtual field trips involve the use of videoconferencing and audioconferencing technologies to permit students in one location to virtually visit and learn about people or places in another location. The use of Tandberg and other sound stations make this form of communication more accessible in education. H.323 videoconferencing is increasingly used for educational virtual field trips, since this connectivity option eliminates connection costs over the commodity Internet. A virtual field trip is a simulated, real time field trip. In the case of interactive video conferencing, "students interact, in a live even, with a remotely located field trip host." Cole, Ray, Zanetis 2004
A virtual field trip for elementary learners is the opportunity to explore and see places, things, and people not normally seen on a typical classroom day. During a classroom virtual field trip, students can explore places across the high seas, states across our country, and many nearby or far away people, places, and things. This is an opportunity to see and experience the world without ever leaving the classroom. The virtual field trip is cost effective to schools. It eliminates the costs of renting transportation, additional insurance coverage and the cost of chaperons. Elementary school teachers can explore many virtual field trip options through websites like Discovery Ed. There is a tremendous amount of information on the internet for planning virtual field trips geared towards this learning age. It is simple to find resources by searching the words 'virtual field trip for elementary learners' on the web.