Введение
Ли Ао (李敖, также Lee Ao; 25 апреля 1935 – 18 марта 2018) – китайский тайваньский писатель, эссеист, социальный комментатор, историк и независимый политик. Критики называли Ли интеллектуальным нарциссом. Он был резким критиком обеих основных политических партий Тайваня – Гоминьдана и Демократической прогрессивной партии. Отца Ли обвинили в государственной измене, а его начальство обвинило в предательстве Гоминьдана.
Chinese Taiwanese writer
Li Ao (, also spelled Lee Ao; 25 April 1935 – 18 March 2018) was a Chinese Taiwanese writer, essayist, social commentator, historian and independent politician. Li's critics have called him an intellectual narcissist. He was a vocal critic of both the main political parties in Taiwan today, the Kuomintang and the Democratic Progressive Party. Li's father was charged with treason. There, Li's father was accused of being a traitor to the Kuomintang by his superiors.
Диссидентский писатель
Ли участвовал в демократическом движении на Тайване в период с 1960-х по 1980-е годы. В 1960-х годах он был главным редактором журнала "Вэньсин" (文星), который пропагандировал демократию и личную свободу. Он был вовлечен в организацию побега в Японию в 1970 году Пэн Минмина, юриста, выступавшего за независимость Тайваня, несмотря на то, что сам Ли долгое время был сторонником воссоединения. Ли также был заключен в тюрьму с 1981 по 1982 год из-за спора с бывшим работодателем. На протяжении 1970-х годов его заключение привлекало значительное международное внимание. В 1974 году Amnesty International назвала его одним из трех наиболее важных политических заключенных на Тайване. После освобождения Ли продолжал публиковать статьи в журналах и газетах, критикуя правительство Гоминьдана. До 1991 года на Тайване было запрещено девяносто шесть его книг. В 1980-х годах он также финансировал многочисленные журналы, выступавшие против Гоминьдана. Его роман "Любовь на вершине горы" (上山.上山.愛), повествующий о матери и дочери, влюбляющихся в одного и того же человека с разницей в несколько лет, утвердил его статус выдающегося романиста. Его роман "Святилище мучеников: История Реформационного движения 1898 года в Китае" (北京法源寺) посвящен началу и провалу Стодневных реформ. Ли также опубликовал свою автобиографию в 2001 году, раскрыв более десяти своих романтических связей. Однако большая часть его творчества – это документальная проза, состоящая преимущественно из эссе и исторических комментариев.
Вступление в политику
Ли участвовал в президентских выборах 2000 года в качестве кандидата от Новой партии. Обычно Ли играл роль политического провокатора, и его кампания носила преимущественно символический характер. Он рассматривал выборы как возможность "просветить" народ Тайваня. Ли и его партия публично призывали людей голосовать за Джеймса Суна. Во время президентских дебатов Ли даже заявил, что не намерен голосовать за себя и что люди должны голосовать за Суна.
Since the 2000 presidential election, Li had bitterly spoken out against pro independence Nobel laureate Yuan T. Lee, who publicly supported Chen Shui bian. He also accused former President Lee Teng hui of corruption. In October 2004, Li ran in the December 11 legislative election as a non partisan candidate of the South Taipei constituency, and was subsequently elected to be the last winning place. He took office as an independent legislator on 1 February 2005. In February 2005, Li held a press conference, accusing the PFP leader, James Soong of having changed his opposition towards military weapons purchase from the United States under the influence of people of pro American inclination, people with CIA backgrounds and arms traders who would receive kick backs. Li threatened Soong that he would reveal the names of the people with CIA backgrounds, who were influencing Soong, to the general public unless Soong reverted to his previous opposition position. PFP legislators dismissed the accusation and responded that Li Ao should reveal his evidence to support his story. Later that year, in June, Li claimed to the Taiwanese press that he had exclusive information from the CIA concerning the 3 19 shooting incident. He alleged that the real motive of the killer was to assassinate the Vice President Annette Lu in order to garner sympathy votes for Chen Shui bian, and that the killer had been condoned by the governing party for ulterior political reasons. After flashing several allegedly CIA endorsed documents to reporters, he mailed them to Annette Lu, claiming that she needed to know the truth about the assassination attempt to the full extent. On 19 September 2005, Li returned to Mainland China for the first time in 56 years. He was invited to give speeches at Peking University, Tsinghua University and Fudan University where he was warmly received, and the trip was claimed to have had significant impact on observers of Cross Strait relations. Li was a candidate for the 2006 Taipei Mayoral election, and a candidate for the 2012 Legislative Yuan elections, campaigning in Taipei City District 8 under the People First Party (PFP) banner. Li also satirized Mao Zedong's Little Red Book in his article. 2006 Taipei City Mayoral Election ResultNoCandidatePartyVotes%1Li Ao7,7950.61%2Clara Chou3,3720.26%3Frank Hsieh525,86940.89%4James Soong53,2814.14%5Hau Lung pin692,08553.81%6Ke Tsi hai3,6870.29%
On 24 October 2006, Li sprayed tear gas and wielded a stun gun during a Legislative Yuan National Defense Committee meeting, forcing several members of the parliament to flee. He was attempting to stop debate on purchasing attack submarines and Patriot anti aircraft missiles for $16 billion from the U. S. He was also wearing the Guy Fawkes mask from V for Vendetta.
Результаты президентских выборов в Китайской Республике 2000 года:
Since the 2000 presidential election, Li had bitterly spoken out against pro independence Nobel laureate Yuan T. Lee, who publicly supported Chen Shui bian. He also accused former President Lee Teng hui of corruption. In October 2004, Li ran in the December 11 legislative election as a non partisan candidate of the South Taipei constituency, and was subsequently elected to be the last winning place. He took office as an independent legislator on 1 February 2005. In February 2005, Li held a press conference, accusing the PFP leader, James Soong of having changed his opposition towards military weapons purchase from the United States under the influence of people of pro American inclination, people with CIA backgrounds and arms traders who would receive kick backs. Li threatened Soong that he would reveal the names of the people with CIA backgrounds, who were influencing Soong, to the general public unless Soong reverted to his previous opposition position. PFP legislators dismissed the accusation and responded that Li Ao should reveal his evidence to support his story. Later that year, in June, Li claimed to the Taiwanese press that he had exclusive information from the CIA concerning the 3 19 shooting incident. He alleged that the real motive of the killer was to assassinate the Vice President Annette Lu in order to garner sympathy votes for Chen Shui bian, and that the killer had been condoned by the governing party for ulterior political reasons. After flashing several allegedly CIA endorsed documents to reporters, he mailed them to Annette Lu, claiming that she needed to know the truth about the assassination attempt to the full extent. On 19 September 2005, Li returned to Mainland China for the first time in 56 years. He was invited to give speeches at Peking University, Tsinghua University and Fudan University where he was warmly received, and the trip was claimed to have had significant impact on observers of Cross Strait relations. Li was a candidate for the 2006 Taipei Mayoral election, and a candidate for the 2012 Legislative Yuan elections, campaigning in Taipei City District 8 under the People First Party (PFP) banner. Li also satirized Mao Zedong's Little Red Book in his article. 2006 Taipei City Mayoral Election ResultNoCandidatePartyVotes%1Li Ao7,7950.61%2Clara Chou3,3720.26%3Frank Hsieh525,86940.89%4James Soong53,2814.14%5Hau Lung pin692,08553.81%6Ke Tsi hai3,6870.29%
On 24 October 2006, Li sprayed tear gas and wielded a stun gun during a Legislative Yuan National Defense Committee meeting, forcing several members of the parliament to flee. He was attempting to stop debate on purchasing attack submarines and Patriot anti aircraft missiles for $16 billion from the U. S. He was also wearing the Guy Fawkes mask from V for Vendetta.
Политическая принадлежность | Кандидат | Голоса | Президент | Вице-президент | Общее количество голосов | Процент
---|---|---|---|---|---|---
Чэнь Шуйбянь | Аннетт Лу | 4 977 737 | 39,3% |
Джеймс Сун | Чан Чау Хсюнг | 4 664 932 | 36,8% |
Гоминьдан | Лиен Чан | Винсент Сиу | 2 925 513 | 23,1% |
Хсу Хсин Лянь | Жозефина Чу | 79 429 | 0,63% |
Ли Ао | Эльмер Фунг | 16 782 | 0,13% |
**Итого:** | | 12 786 671 | 82,69% |
**Явка избирателей:** | | | | |
**Действительные голоса:** | | 12 664 393 |
**Недействительные голоса:** | | 122 278 |
Since the 2000 presidential election, Li had bitterly spoken out against pro independence Nobel laureate Yuan T. Lee, who publicly supported Chen Shui bian. He also accused former President Lee Teng hui of corruption. In October 2004, Li ran in the December 11 legislative election as a non partisan candidate of the South Taipei constituency, and was subsequently elected to be the last winning place. He took office as an independent legislator on 1 February 2005. In February 2005, Li held a press conference, accusing the PFP leader, James Soong of having changed his opposition towards military weapons purchase from the United States under the influence of people of pro American inclination, people with CIA backgrounds and arms traders who would receive kick backs. Li threatened Soong that he would reveal the names of the people with CIA backgrounds, who were influencing Soong, to the general public unless Soong reverted to his previous opposition position. PFP legislators dismissed the accusation and responded that Li Ao should reveal his evidence to support his story. Later that year, in June, Li claimed to the Taiwanese press that he had exclusive information from the CIA concerning the 3 19 shooting incident. He alleged that the real motive of the killer was to assassinate the Vice President Annette Lu in order to garner sympathy votes for Chen Shui bian, and that the killer had been condoned by the governing party for ulterior political reasons. After flashing several allegedly CIA endorsed documents to reporters, he mailed them to Annette Lu, claiming that she needed to know the truth about the assassination attempt to the full extent. On 19 September 2005, Li returned to Mainland China for the first time in 56 years. He was invited to give speeches at Peking University, Tsinghua University and Fudan University where he was warmly received, and the trip was claimed to have had significant impact on observers of Cross Strait relations. Li was a candidate for the 2006 Taipei Mayoral election, and a candidate for the 2012 Legislative Yuan elections, campaigning in Taipei City District 8 under the People First Party (PFP) banner. Li also satirized Mao Zedong's Little Red Book in his article. 2006 Taipei City Mayoral Election ResultNoCandidatePartyVotes%1Li Ao7,7950.61%2Clara Chou3,3720.26%3Frank Hsieh525,86940.89%4James Soong53,2814.14%5Hau Lung pin692,08553.81%6Ke Tsi hai3,6870.29%
On 24 October 2006, Li sprayed tear gas and wielded a stun gun during a Legislative Yuan National Defense Committee meeting, forcing several members of the parliament to flee. He was attempting to stop debate on purchasing attack submarines and Patriot anti aircraft missiles for $16 billion from the U. S. He was also wearing the Guy Fawkes mask from V for Vendetta.
После президентских выборов 2000 года Ли резко критиковал нобелевского лауреата, сторонника независимости Тайваня Юань Т. Ли, который публично поддерживал Чэнь Шуйбяня. Он также обвинил бывшего президента Ли Тэнхуэя в коррупции. В октябре 2004 года Ли баллотировался на выборах в законодательный юань 11 декабря как беспартийный кандидат от округа Южный Тайбэй и был избран последним из победивших кандидатов. Он вступил в должность независимого законодателя 1 февраля 2005 года. В феврале 2005 года Ли провел пресс-конференцию, обвинив лидера PFP Джеймса Суна в том, что под влиянием проамерикански настроенных лиц, людей, связанных с ЦРУ, и торговцев оружием, получающих откаты, он изменил свою позицию относительно закупки военного оружия у Соединенных Штатов. Ли пригрозил Суну опубликовать имена людей, связанных с ЦРУ, которые влияют на него, если Сун не вернется к своей прежней оппозиционной позиции. Законодатели PFP отвергли обвинение и потребовали от Ли Ао предоставить доказательства в поддержку своих заявлений. Позже в том же году, в июне, Ли заявил тайваньской прессе, что располагает эксклюзивной информацией от ЦРУ относительно инцидента со стрельбой 19 марта. Он утверждал, что истинным мотивом убийцы было покушение на вице-президента Аннетт Лу, чтобы вызвать сочувствие к Чэнь Шуйбяню, и что убийца был покрыт правящей партией по политическим мотивам. После демонстрации нескольких документов, предположительно одобренных ЦРУ, он отправил их Аннетт Лу, заявив, что ей необходимо знать всю правду о покушении. 19 сентября 2005 года Ли впервые за 56 лет вернулся в материковый Китай. Его пригласили выступить с речами в Пекинском университете, Университете Цинхуа и Университете Фудань, где его тепло встретили, и эта поездка, по мнению наблюдателей, оказала значительное влияние на отношения через Тайваньский пролив. Ли был кандидатом на выборах мэра Тайбэя в 2006 году и кандидатом на выборах в Законодательный Юань в 2012 году, агитируя в 8-м избирательном округе города Тайбэй под знаменем Партии "Народ прежде всего" (PFP). Ли также высмеял "Красную книжку Мао Цзэдуна" в своей статье.
Since the 2000 presidential election, Li had bitterly spoken out against pro independence Nobel laureate Yuan T. Lee, who publicly supported Chen Shui bian. He also accused former President Lee Teng hui of corruption. In October 2004, Li ran in the December 11 legislative election as a non partisan candidate of the South Taipei constituency, and was subsequently elected to be the last winning place. He took office as an independent legislator on 1 February 2005. In February 2005, Li held a press conference, accusing the PFP leader, James Soong of having changed his opposition towards military weapons purchase from the United States under the influence of people of pro American inclination, people with CIA backgrounds and arms traders who would receive kick backs. Li threatened Soong that he would reveal the names of the people with CIA backgrounds, who were influencing Soong, to the general public unless Soong reverted to his previous opposition position. PFP legislators dismissed the accusation and responded that Li Ao should reveal his evidence to support his story. Later that year, in June, Li claimed to the Taiwanese press that he had exclusive information from the CIA concerning the 3 19 shooting incident. He alleged that the real motive of the killer was to assassinate the Vice President Annette Lu in order to garner sympathy votes for Chen Shui bian, and that the killer had been condoned by the governing party for ulterior political reasons. After flashing several allegedly CIA endorsed documents to reporters, he mailed them to Annette Lu, claiming that she needed to know the truth about the assassination attempt to the full extent. On 19 September 2005, Li returned to Mainland China for the first time in 56 years. He was invited to give speeches at Peking University, Tsinghua University and Fudan University where he was warmly received, and the trip was claimed to have had significant impact on observers of Cross Strait relations. Li was a candidate for the 2006 Taipei Mayoral election, and a candidate for the 2012 Legislative Yuan elections, campaigning in Taipei City District 8 under the People First Party (PFP) banner. Li also satirized Mao Zedong's Little Red Book in his article. 2006 Taipei City Mayoral Election ResultNoCandidatePartyVotes%1Li Ao7,7950.61%2Clara Chou3,3720.26%3Frank Hsieh525,86940.89%4James Soong53,2814.14%5Hau Lung pin692,08553.81%6Ke Tsi hai3,6870.29%
On 24 October 2006, Li sprayed tear gas and wielded a stun gun during a Legislative Yuan National Defense Committee meeting, forcing several members of the parliament to flee. He was attempting to stop debate on purchasing attack submarines and Patriot anti aircraft missiles for $16 billion from the U. S. He was also wearing the Guy Fawkes mask from V for Vendetta.
Результаты выборов мэра города Тайбэй 2006 года:
Since the 2000 presidential election, Li had bitterly spoken out against pro independence Nobel laureate Yuan T. Lee, who publicly supported Chen Shui bian. He also accused former President Lee Teng hui of corruption. In October 2004, Li ran in the December 11 legislative election as a non partisan candidate of the South Taipei constituency, and was subsequently elected to be the last winning place. He took office as an independent legislator on 1 February 2005. In February 2005, Li held a press conference, accusing the PFP leader, James Soong of having changed his opposition towards military weapons purchase from the United States under the influence of people of pro American inclination, people with CIA backgrounds and arms traders who would receive kick backs. Li threatened Soong that he would reveal the names of the people with CIA backgrounds, who were influencing Soong, to the general public unless Soong reverted to his previous opposition position. PFP legislators dismissed the accusation and responded that Li Ao should reveal his evidence to support his story. Later that year, in June, Li claimed to the Taiwanese press that he had exclusive information from the CIA concerning the 3 19 shooting incident. He alleged that the real motive of the killer was to assassinate the Vice President Annette Lu in order to garner sympathy votes for Chen Shui bian, and that the killer had been condoned by the governing party for ulterior political reasons. After flashing several allegedly CIA endorsed documents to reporters, he mailed them to Annette Lu, claiming that she needed to know the truth about the assassination attempt to the full extent. On 19 September 2005, Li returned to Mainland China for the first time in 56 years. He was invited to give speeches at Peking University, Tsinghua University and Fudan University where he was warmly received, and the trip was claimed to have had significant impact on observers of Cross Strait relations. Li was a candidate for the 2006 Taipei Mayoral election, and a candidate for the 2012 Legislative Yuan elections, campaigning in Taipei City District 8 under the People First Party (PFP) banner. Li also satirized Mao Zedong's Little Red Book in his article. 2006 Taipei City Mayoral Election ResultNoCandidatePartyVotes%1Li Ao7,7950.61%2Clara Chou3,3720.26%3Frank Hsieh525,86940.89%4James Soong53,2814.14%5Hau Lung pin692,08553.81%6Ke Tsi hai3,6870.29%
On 24 October 2006, Li sprayed tear gas and wielded a stun gun during a Legislative Yuan National Defense Committee meeting, forcing several members of the parliament to flee. He was attempting to stop debate on purchasing attack submarines and Patriot anti aircraft missiles for $16 billion from the U. S. He was also wearing the Guy Fawkes mask from V for Vendetta.
№ | Кандидат | Партия | Голоса | %
---|---|---|---|---
1 | Ли Ао | | 7 795 | 0,61%
2 | Клара Чжоу | | 3 372 | 0,26%
3 | Франк Хсие | | 525 869 | 40,89%
4 | Джеймс Сун | | 53 281 | 4,14%
5 | Хау Лунпин | | 692 085 | 53,81%
6 | Кэ Цзыхай | | 3 687 | 0,29%
Since the 2000 presidential election, Li had bitterly spoken out against pro independence Nobel laureate Yuan T. Lee, who publicly supported Chen Shui bian. He also accused former President Lee Teng hui of corruption. In October 2004, Li ran in the December 11 legislative election as a non partisan candidate of the South Taipei constituency, and was subsequently elected to be the last winning place. He took office as an independent legislator on 1 February 2005. In February 2005, Li held a press conference, accusing the PFP leader, James Soong of having changed his opposition towards military weapons purchase from the United States under the influence of people of pro American inclination, people with CIA backgrounds and arms traders who would receive kick backs. Li threatened Soong that he would reveal the names of the people with CIA backgrounds, who were influencing Soong, to the general public unless Soong reverted to his previous opposition position. PFP legislators dismissed the accusation and responded that Li Ao should reveal his evidence to support his story. Later that year, in June, Li claimed to the Taiwanese press that he had exclusive information from the CIA concerning the 3 19 shooting incident. He alleged that the real motive of the killer was to assassinate the Vice President Annette Lu in order to garner sympathy votes for Chen Shui bian, and that the killer had been condoned by the governing party for ulterior political reasons. After flashing several allegedly CIA endorsed documents to reporters, he mailed them to Annette Lu, claiming that she needed to know the truth about the assassination attempt to the full extent. On 19 September 2005, Li returned to Mainland China for the first time in 56 years. He was invited to give speeches at Peking University, Tsinghua University and Fudan University where he was warmly received, and the trip was claimed to have had significant impact on observers of Cross Strait relations. Li was a candidate for the 2006 Taipei Mayoral election, and a candidate for the 2012 Legislative Yuan elections, campaigning in Taipei City District 8 under the People First Party (PFP) banner. Li also satirized Mao Zedong's Little Red Book in his article. 2006 Taipei City Mayoral Election ResultNoCandidatePartyVotes%1Li Ao7,7950.61%2Clara Chou3,3720.26%3Frank Hsieh525,86940.89%4James Soong53,2814.14%5Hau Lung pin692,08553.81%6Ke Tsi hai3,6870.29%
On 24 October 2006, Li sprayed tear gas and wielded a stun gun during a Legislative Yuan National Defense Committee meeting, forcing several members of the parliament to flee. He was attempting to stop debate on purchasing attack submarines and Patriot anti aircraft missiles for $16 billion from the U. S. He was also wearing the Guy Fawkes mask from V for Vendetta.
24 октября 2006 года Ли распылил слезоточивый газ и применил электрошокер во время заседания Комитета национальной обороны Законодательного Юаня, вынудив нескольких членов парламента покинуть зал. Он пытался остановить обсуждение вопроса о закупке ударных подводных лодок и зенитных ракетных комплексов Patriot на сумму 16 миллиардов долларов США. Он также был одет в маску Гая Фокса из фильма "V значит Вендетта".
Since the 2000 presidential election, Li had bitterly spoken out against pro independence Nobel laureate Yuan T. Lee, who publicly supported Chen Shui bian. He also accused former President Lee Teng hui of corruption. In October 2004, Li ran in the December 11 legislative election as a non partisan candidate of the South Taipei constituency, and was subsequently elected to be the last winning place. He took office as an independent legislator on 1 February 2005. In February 2005, Li held a press conference, accusing the PFP leader, James Soong of having changed his opposition towards military weapons purchase from the United States under the influence of people of pro American inclination, people with CIA backgrounds and arms traders who would receive kick backs. Li threatened Soong that he would reveal the names of the people with CIA backgrounds, who were influencing Soong, to the general public unless Soong reverted to his previous opposition position. PFP legislators dismissed the accusation and responded that Li Ao should reveal his evidence to support his story. Later that year, in June, Li claimed to the Taiwanese press that he had exclusive information from the CIA concerning the 3 19 shooting incident. He alleged that the real motive of the killer was to assassinate the Vice President Annette Lu in order to garner sympathy votes for Chen Shui bian, and that the killer had been condoned by the governing party for ulterior political reasons. After flashing several allegedly CIA endorsed documents to reporters, he mailed them to Annette Lu, claiming that she needed to know the truth about the assassination attempt to the full extent. On 19 September 2005, Li returned to Mainland China for the first time in 56 years. He was invited to give speeches at Peking University, Tsinghua University and Fudan University where he was warmly received, and the trip was claimed to have had significant impact on observers of Cross Strait relations. Li was a candidate for the 2006 Taipei Mayoral election, and a candidate for the 2012 Legislative Yuan elections, campaigning in Taipei City District 8 under the People First Party (PFP) banner. Li also satirized Mao Zedong's Little Red Book in his article. 2006 Taipei City Mayoral Election ResultNoCandidatePartyVotes%1Li Ao7,7950.61%2Clara Chou3,3720.26%3Frank Hsieh525,86940.89%4James Soong53,2814.14%5Hau Lung pin692,08553.81%6Ke Tsi hai3,6870.29%
On 24 October 2006, Li sprayed tear gas and wielded a stun gun during a Legislative Yuan National Defense Committee meeting, forcing several members of the parliament to flee. He was attempting to stop debate on purchasing attack submarines and Patriot anti aircraft missiles for $16 billion from the U. S. He was also wearing the Guy Fawkes mask from V for Vendetta.
Личная жизнь
6 мая 1980 года Ли женился на тайваньской писательнице, переводчице и актрисе Терри Ху. Их история любви даже попала в журнал Time. Однако супруги развелись 28 августа 1980 года, прожив вместе всего 115 дней. 8 марта 1992 года Ли женился во второй раз на Ван Чжихуй (王志慧). У них родились сын и дочь. Их сын, Ли Кан (李戡), является аспирантом, изучающим китайские исследования в Кембриджском университете, и выпускником Пекинского университета. У Ли также была старшая дочь, Хеди У. Ли, от предыдущего брака. Ли умер от опухоли головного мозга в больнице ветеранов Тайбэя 18 марта 2018 года.