Введение
Шахматный вариант
Extinction chess is a chess variant invented by R. Wayne Schmittberger, editor of Games magazine, in 1985. Instead of checkmate as the winning condition, the object of the game is the elimination of all of a particular type of piece of the opponent. In other words, the objective is any of the following:
capture all the opponent's kings;
capture all the opponent's queens;
capture all the opponent's rooks;
capture all the opponent's bishops;
capture all the opponent's knights;
eliminate all of the opponent's pawns, by capturing or by promotion. A promoted pawn is considered no longer a pawn. By the same token, if a player already has a queen, and promotes a pawn to another queen, then both queens would need to be captured to make them extinct. The king is not a special piece in this game, and it is legal to promote a pawn to a king. It is also legal to castle when in check, or to castle through check. The other rules of castling are the same: the king and the rook must not have previously moved, and there must be no pieces in between. Similarly, rooks, bishops, and queens may freely cross attacked squares, even if they are the last of their type. Both sides can suffer an extinction on the same move, if pawn promotion is involved. For example, White might have a last pawn on b7, and Black a last bishop on c8; then if White plays bxc8=Q, it causes the extinction of both the white pawns and the black bishops. In this case White is ruled to have won, as although both sides have fulfilled their winning conditions, it was a move by White that brought this situation about.
Extinction chess – это шахматный вариант, изобретённый Р. Уэйном Шмиттбергером, редактором журнала Games в 1985 году. Вместо мата как условия победы, цель игры – устранение всех фигур определённого типа у соперника. Иными словами, целью является одно из следующих действий:
Extinction chess is a chess variant invented by R. Wayne Schmittberger, editor of Games magazine, in 1985. Instead of checkmate as the winning condition, the object of the game is the elimination of all of a particular type of piece of the opponent. In other words, the objective is any of the following:
capture all the opponent's kings;
capture all the opponent's queens;
capture all the opponent's rooks;
capture all the opponent's bishops;
capture all the opponent's knights;
eliminate all of the opponent's pawns, by capturing or by promotion. A promoted pawn is considered no longer a pawn. By the same token, if a player already has a queen, and promotes a pawn to another queen, then both queens would need to be captured to make them extinct. The king is not a special piece in this game, and it is legal to promote a pawn to a king. It is also legal to castle when in check, or to castle through check. The other rules of castling are the same: the king and the rook must not have previously moved, and there must be no pieces in between. Similarly, rooks, bishops, and queens may freely cross attacked squares, even if they are the last of their type. Both sides can suffer an extinction on the same move, if pawn promotion is involved. For example, White might have a last pawn on b7, and Black a last bishop on c8; then if White plays bxc8=Q, it causes the extinction of both the white pawns and the black bishops. In this case White is ruled to have won, as although both sides have fulfilled their winning conditions, it was a move by White that brought this situation about.
захватить всех королей противника;
захватить всех ферзей противника;
захватить все ладьи противника;
захватить всех слонов противника;
захватить всех коней противника;
устранить всех пешек противника, путём захвата или превращения. Превращённая пешка больше не считается пешкой. Если у игрока уже есть ферзь и он превращает пешку в ещё одного ферзя, то для достижения «вымирания» необходимо захватить обоих ферзей. Король в этой игре не является особенной фигурой, и разрешено превращать пешку в короля. Также разрешено рокировать, находясь под шахом, или рокировать через шах. Остальные правила рокировки остаются прежними: король и ладья не должны были двигаться ранее, и между ними не должно быть других фигур. Аналогично, ладьи, слоны и ферзи могут свободно пересекать атакованные поля, даже если они являются последними фигурами своего типа. Обе стороны могут одновременно достичь «вымирания» одним ходом, если это связано с превращением пешки. Например, у белых может быть последняя пешка на b7, а у чёрных – последний слон на c8; тогда, если белые сыграют bxc8=Q, это приведёт к «вымиранию» как белых пешек, так и чёрных слонов. В этом случае победа присуждается белым, поскольку, хотя обе стороны выполнили условия победы, именно ход белых привёл к этой ситуации.
Extinction chess is a chess variant invented by R. Wayne Schmittberger, editor of Games magazine, in 1985. Instead of checkmate as the winning condition, the object of the game is the elimination of all of a particular type of piece of the opponent. In other words, the objective is any of the following:
capture all the opponent's kings;
capture all the opponent's queens;
capture all the opponent's rooks;
capture all the opponent's bishops;
capture all the opponent's knights;
eliminate all of the opponent's pawns, by capturing or by promotion. A promoted pawn is considered no longer a pawn. By the same token, if a player already has a queen, and promotes a pawn to another queen, then both queens would need to be captured to make them extinct. The king is not a special piece in this game, and it is legal to promote a pawn to a king. It is also legal to castle when in check, or to castle through check. The other rules of castling are the same: the king and the rook must not have previously moved, and there must be no pieces in between. Similarly, rooks, bishops, and queens may freely cross attacked squares, even if they are the last of their type. Both sides can suffer an extinction on the same move, if pawn promotion is involved. For example, White might have a last pawn on b7, and Black a last bishop on c8; then if White plays bxc8=Q, it causes the extinction of both the white pawns and the black bishops. In this case White is ruled to have won, as although both sides have fulfilled their winning conditions, it was a move by White that brought this situation about.
Образец игры
Н. Н. – Фабрис Лиарде, Мессиньи 1998: 1. e4 d5 2. exd5 Qxd5 3. Nc3 Qa5 4. a3 e5 5. b4 Bxb4 6. axb4 Qxa1 7. Bc4 Nf6 8. Ba2? 0-0 9. Nge2 Rd8 10. Bc4 Nc6 11. b5 Nd4 12. 0-0 Nxe2 13. Nxe2 Rd4 0–1
Белые теряют обоих слонов. Хотя "выигрыш фигуры" обычно невыгоден в шахматах вымирания, связка на первом ряду в данном случае очень сильна: белые недооценили её и быстрое прибытие чёрной ладьи на d-линию.
1. e4 d5 2. exd5 Qxd5 3. Nc3 Qa5 4. a3 e5 5. b4 Bxb4 6. axb4 Qxa1 7. Bc4 Nf6 8. Ba2? 0 0 9. Nge2 Rd8 10. Bc4 Nc6 11. b5 Nd4 12. 0 0 Nxe2 13. Nxe2 Rd4 0–1
White loses both bishops. Although "winning the exchange" is usually bad in Extinction Chess, the pin on the first rank in this case is very potent: White underestimated it and the Black rook's swift arrival on the d file.