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Содержание
Введение
Впервые учрежденная в 1901 году, Нобелевская премия к 2022 году была присуждена в общей сложности 989 лицам (930 мужчин и 59 женщин) и 30 организациям. Среди лауреатов 12 человек индийского происхождения, из которых 5 являются гражданами Индии, а 7 – имеют индийские корни или являются резидентами Индии. Рабиндранат Тагор был первым гражданином Индии, удостоенным премии, и первым азиатом, получившим ее в 1913 году. Мать Тереза – единственная женщина в списке лауреатов. Шри Ауробиндо, индийский поэт, философ, националист и создатель интегральной йоги, был безуспешно номинирован на Нобелевскую премию по литературе в 1943 году и на Нобелевскую премию мира в 1950 году. 1 декабря 1999 года Норвежский Нобелевский комитет подтвердил, что Махатма Ганди пять раз (с 1937 по 1939 год, в 1947 году и за несколько дней до его убийства в январе 1948 года) безуспешно выдвигался на соискание премии мира. В 2006 году Гейр Лундестад, секретарь Норвежского Нобелевского комитета, назвал это «самым большим упущением за нашу 106-летнюю историю».
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First instituted in 1901, the Nobel Prize has been awarded to a total of 989 individuals (930 men and 59 women) and 30 organizations as of 2022. Among the recipients, 12 are Indians of which 5 are Indian citizens and 7 are of Indian ancestry or residency. Rabindranath Tagore was the first Indian citizen to be awarded and also first Asian to be awarded in 1913. Mother Teresa is the only woman among the list of recipients. Sri Aurobindo, the Indian poet, philosopher, nationalist and developer of Integral yoga, was nominated unsuccessfully for the Nobel Prize in Literature in 1943 and for the Nobel Peace Prize in 1950. On 1 December 1999, the Norwegian Nobel Committee confirmed that Mahatma Gandhi was nominated unsuccessfully for the Peace Prize five times (from 1937 to 1939, in 1947 and a few days before he was assassinated in January 1948). In 2006, Geir Lundestad, the Secretary of Norwegian Nobel Committee, cited it as "the greatest omission in our 106 year history".
Лауреаты
Двое (Тагор и Раман) лауреатов Нобелевской премии были гражданами Британской Индии на момент награждения. Трое (Тереза, Сен и Сатьяртхи) лауреатов Нобелевской премии являются гражданами Индии, а четверо (Хорана, Чандрасекар, Рамакришнан и Банерджи) родились в Индии, но впоследствии не являлись гражданами Индии. Один (Найпаул) – британский лауреат Нобелевской премии индийского происхождения, родившийся в Тринидаде и Тобаго.
Two (Tagore and Raman) of the Nobel laureates are citizens of British India at the time they were awarded. Three (Teresa, Sen, and Satyarthi) of the Nobel laureates are citizens of India and four (Khorana, Chandrasekhar, Ramakrishnan, and Banerjee) were Indian by birth but subsequently non citizens of India. One (Naipaul) is a Trinidad and Tobago born British Nobel laureate of Indian origin. Year Image Laureate Born Died Field Citation Citizens of British India1913Rabindranath Tagore (Khulna district, Bengal, now Bangladesh)7 May 1861 Kolkata, Bengal, now West Bengal7 August 1941 Kolkata, Bengal, now West BengalLiterature"because of his profoundly sensitive, fresh and beautiful verse, by which, with consummate skill, he has made his poetic thought, expressed in his own English words, a part of the literature of the West. "1930Chandrasekhara Venkata Raman (Thanjavur district, Madras, now Tamil Nadu)7 November 1888 Tiruchirapalli, Madras, now Tamil Nadu21 November 1970 Bangalore, KarnatakaPhysics "for his work on the scattering of light and for the discovery of the effect named after him." Citizens of India1979Teresa Bojaxhiu, M. C. (Ottoman, now North Macedonia)26 August 1910 Skopje, Ottoman, now North Macedonia5 September 1997 Kolkata, West BengalPeace"for her work for bringing help to suffering humanity. "1998Amartya Sen (Dhaka district, Bengal, now Bangladesh)3 November 1933 Santiniketan, Bolpur, Bengal, now West BengalEconomics"for his contributions to welfare economics. "2014Kailash Satyarthi (Vidisha district, Madhya Pradesh)11 January 1954 Vidisha, Madhya PradeshPeace"for their struggle against the suppression of children and young people and for the right of all children to education. "(awarded together with Pakistani activist Malala Yousafzai) Diaspora1968Har Gobind Khorana (Multan district, Punjab, now Pakistan's Punjab)9 January 1922 Raipur, Punjab, now Pakistan's Punjab9 November 2011 Concord, Massachusetts, United StatesPhysiology or Medicine"for their interpretation of the genetic code and its function in protein synthesis. "(awarded together with American biochemists Marshall W. Nirenberg and Robert W. Holley)1983Subrahmanyan Chandrasekhar (Thanjavur district, Madras, now Tamil Nadu)19 October 1910 Lahore, Punjab, now Pakistan's Punjab21 August 1995 Chicago, Illinois, United StatesPhysics"for his theoretical studies of the physical processes of importance to the structure and evolution of the stars. "(awarded together with American astrophysicist William Alfred Fowler)2001Vidiadhar Surajprasad Naipaul (Gorakhpur district, United Province, now Uttar Pradesh)17 August 1932, Chaguanas Borough Corporation, Trinidad and Tobago11 August 2018, London, United KingdomLiterature2009Venkatraman "Venki" Ramakrishnan (Cuddalore district, Tamil Nadu)1 April 1952 Chidambaram, Tamil NaduChemistry"for studies of the structure and function of the ribosome. "(awarded together with American biochemist Thomas A. Steitz and Israeli crystallographer Ada Yonath)2019Abhijit Banerjee (Hooghly district, West Bengal)21 February 1961 Mumbai, Maharashtra Economics"for their experimental approach to alleviating global poverty"(awarded together with his wife Esther Duflo and American economist Michael Kremer) Expatriates1902Ronald Ross13 May 1857 Almora, Uttarakhand16 September 1932 London, United KingdomPhysiology or Medicine"for his work on malaria, by which he has shown how it enters the organism and thereby has laid the foundation for successful research on this disease and methods of combating it. "1907Joseph Rudyard Kipling30 December 1865 Malabar Hill, South Mumbai, Maharashtra18 January 1936 London, United KingdomLiterature"in consideration of the power of observation, originality of imagination, virility of ideas and remarkable talent for narration which characterize the creations of this world famous author."
Год Изображение Лауреат Родился Умер Область Цитирование Граждане Британской Индии
1913 Рабиндранат Тагор (округ Кхулна, Бенгалия, ныне Бангладеш) 7 мая 1861 Калькутта, Бенгалия, ныне Западная Бенгалия 7 августа 1941 Калькутта, Бенгалия, ныне Западная Бенгалия Литература "за его глубоко чувственные, свежие и прекрасные стихи, посредством которых, с непревзойденным мастерством, он сделал свою поэтическую мысль, выраженную на его собственном английском языке, частью литературы Запада."
1930 Чандрасекара Венката Раман (округ Танджавур, Мадрас, ныне Тамилнад) 7 ноября 1888 Тиручирапалли, Мадрас, ныне Тамилнад 21 ноября 1970 Бангалор, Карнатака Физика "за его работы по рассеянию света и открытие эффекта, названного в его честь."
Two (Tagore and Raman) of the Nobel laureates are citizens of British India at the time they were awarded. Three (Teresa, Sen, and Satyarthi) of the Nobel laureates are citizens of India and four (Khorana, Chandrasekhar, Ramakrishnan, and Banerjee) were Indian by birth but subsequently non citizens of India. One (Naipaul) is a Trinidad and Tobago born British Nobel laureate of Indian origin. Year Image Laureate Born Died Field Citation Citizens of British India1913Rabindranath Tagore (Khulna district, Bengal, now Bangladesh)7 May 1861 Kolkata, Bengal, now West Bengal7 August 1941 Kolkata, Bengal, now West BengalLiterature"because of his profoundly sensitive, fresh and beautiful verse, by which, with consummate skill, he has made his poetic thought, expressed in his own English words, a part of the literature of the West. "1930Chandrasekhara Venkata Raman (Thanjavur district, Madras, now Tamil Nadu)7 November 1888 Tiruchirapalli, Madras, now Tamil Nadu21 November 1970 Bangalore, KarnatakaPhysics "for his work on the scattering of light and for the discovery of the effect named after him." Citizens of India1979Teresa Bojaxhiu, M. C. (Ottoman, now North Macedonia)26 August 1910 Skopje, Ottoman, now North Macedonia5 September 1997 Kolkata, West BengalPeace"for her work for bringing help to suffering humanity. "1998Amartya Sen (Dhaka district, Bengal, now Bangladesh)3 November 1933 Santiniketan, Bolpur, Bengal, now West BengalEconomics"for his contributions to welfare economics. "2014Kailash Satyarthi (Vidisha district, Madhya Pradesh)11 January 1954 Vidisha, Madhya PradeshPeace"for their struggle against the suppression of children and young people and for the right of all children to education. "(awarded together with Pakistani activist Malala Yousafzai) Diaspora1968Har Gobind Khorana (Multan district, Punjab, now Pakistan's Punjab)9 January 1922 Raipur, Punjab, now Pakistan's Punjab9 November 2011 Concord, Massachusetts, United StatesPhysiology or Medicine"for their interpretation of the genetic code and its function in protein synthesis. "(awarded together with American biochemists Marshall W. Nirenberg and Robert W. Holley)1983Subrahmanyan Chandrasekhar (Thanjavur district, Madras, now Tamil Nadu)19 October 1910 Lahore, Punjab, now Pakistan's Punjab21 August 1995 Chicago, Illinois, United StatesPhysics"for his theoretical studies of the physical processes of importance to the structure and evolution of the stars. "(awarded together with American astrophysicist William Alfred Fowler)2001Vidiadhar Surajprasad Naipaul (Gorakhpur district, United Province, now Uttar Pradesh)17 August 1932, Chaguanas Borough Corporation, Trinidad and Tobago11 August 2018, London, United KingdomLiterature2009Venkatraman "Venki" Ramakrishnan (Cuddalore district, Tamil Nadu)1 April 1952 Chidambaram, Tamil NaduChemistry"for studies of the structure and function of the ribosome. "(awarded together with American biochemist Thomas A. Steitz and Israeli crystallographer Ada Yonath)2019Abhijit Banerjee (Hooghly district, West Bengal)21 February 1961 Mumbai, Maharashtra Economics"for their experimental approach to alleviating global poverty"(awarded together with his wife Esther Duflo and American economist Michael Kremer) Expatriates1902Ronald Ross13 May 1857 Almora, Uttarakhand16 September 1932 London, United KingdomPhysiology or Medicine"for his work on malaria, by which he has shown how it enters the organism and thereby has laid the foundation for successful research on this disease and methods of combating it. "1907Joseph Rudyard Kipling30 December 1865 Malabar Hill, South Mumbai, Maharashtra18 January 1936 London, United KingdomLiterature"in consideration of the power of observation, originality of imagination, virility of ideas and remarkable talent for narration which characterize the creations of this world famous author."
Граждане Индии
1979 Тереза Боjaxиу, M. C. (Османская империя, ныне Северная Македония) 26 августа 1910 Скопье, Османская империя, ныне Северная Македония 5 сентября 1997 Калькутта, Западная Бенгалия Мир "за ее работу по оказанию помощи страдающему человечеству."
1998 Амартия Сен (округ Дакка, Бенгалия, ныне Бангладеш) 3 ноября 1933 Сантиникетан, Болпур, Бенгалия, ныне Западная Бенгалия Экономика "за его вклад в экономику благосостояния."
2014 Кайлаш Сатьяртхи (округ Видиша, Мадхья-Прадеш) 11 января 1954 Видиша, Мадхья-Прадеш – "за их борьбу против подавления детей и молодежи и за право всех детей на образование." (награжден совместно с пакистанской активисткой Малалой Юсуфзай)
Two (Tagore and Raman) of the Nobel laureates are citizens of British India at the time they were awarded. Three (Teresa, Sen, and Satyarthi) of the Nobel laureates are citizens of India and four (Khorana, Chandrasekhar, Ramakrishnan, and Banerjee) were Indian by birth but subsequently non citizens of India. One (Naipaul) is a Trinidad and Tobago born British Nobel laureate of Indian origin. Year Image Laureate Born Died Field Citation Citizens of British India1913Rabindranath Tagore (Khulna district, Bengal, now Bangladesh)7 May 1861 Kolkata, Bengal, now West Bengal7 August 1941 Kolkata, Bengal, now West BengalLiterature"because of his profoundly sensitive, fresh and beautiful verse, by which, with consummate skill, he has made his poetic thought, expressed in his own English words, a part of the literature of the West. "1930Chandrasekhara Venkata Raman (Thanjavur district, Madras, now Tamil Nadu)7 November 1888 Tiruchirapalli, Madras, now Tamil Nadu21 November 1970 Bangalore, KarnatakaPhysics "for his work on the scattering of light and for the discovery of the effect named after him." Citizens of India1979Teresa Bojaxhiu, M. C. (Ottoman, now North Macedonia)26 August 1910 Skopje, Ottoman, now North Macedonia5 September 1997 Kolkata, West BengalPeace"for her work for bringing help to suffering humanity. "1998Amartya Sen (Dhaka district, Bengal, now Bangladesh)3 November 1933 Santiniketan, Bolpur, Bengal, now West BengalEconomics"for his contributions to welfare economics. "2014Kailash Satyarthi (Vidisha district, Madhya Pradesh)11 January 1954 Vidisha, Madhya PradeshPeace"for their struggle against the suppression of children and young people and for the right of all children to education. "(awarded together with Pakistani activist Malala Yousafzai) Diaspora1968Har Gobind Khorana (Multan district, Punjab, now Pakistan's Punjab)9 January 1922 Raipur, Punjab, now Pakistan's Punjab9 November 2011 Concord, Massachusetts, United StatesPhysiology or Medicine"for their interpretation of the genetic code and its function in protein synthesis. "(awarded together with American biochemists Marshall W. Nirenberg and Robert W. Holley)1983Subrahmanyan Chandrasekhar (Thanjavur district, Madras, now Tamil Nadu)19 October 1910 Lahore, Punjab, now Pakistan's Punjab21 August 1995 Chicago, Illinois, United StatesPhysics"for his theoretical studies of the physical processes of importance to the structure and evolution of the stars. "(awarded together with American astrophysicist William Alfred Fowler)2001Vidiadhar Surajprasad Naipaul (Gorakhpur district, United Province, now Uttar Pradesh)17 August 1932, Chaguanas Borough Corporation, Trinidad and Tobago11 August 2018, London, United KingdomLiterature2009Venkatraman "Venki" Ramakrishnan (Cuddalore district, Tamil Nadu)1 April 1952 Chidambaram, Tamil NaduChemistry"for studies of the structure and function of the ribosome. "(awarded together with American biochemist Thomas A. Steitz and Israeli crystallographer Ada Yonath)2019Abhijit Banerjee (Hooghly district, West Bengal)21 February 1961 Mumbai, Maharashtra Economics"for their experimental approach to alleviating global poverty"(awarded together with his wife Esther Duflo and American economist Michael Kremer) Expatriates1902Ronald Ross13 May 1857 Almora, Uttarakhand16 September 1932 London, United KingdomPhysiology or Medicine"for his work on malaria, by which he has shown how it enters the organism and thereby has laid the foundation for successful research on this disease and methods of combating it. "1907Joseph Rudyard Kipling30 December 1865 Malabar Hill, South Mumbai, Maharashtra18 January 1936 London, United KingdomLiterature"in consideration of the power of observation, originality of imagination, virility of ideas and remarkable talent for narration which characterize the creations of this world famous author."
Диаспора
1968 Хар Гобинд Хорана (округ Мултан, Пенджаб, ныне Пенджаб, Пакистан) 9 января 1922 Райпур, Пенджаб, ныне Пенджаб, Пакистан 9 ноября 2011 Конкорд, Массачусетс, США Физиология или медицина "за их интерпретацию генетического кода и его функции в синтезе белка."
1983 Субраманьян Чандрасекар (округ Танджавур, Мадрас, ныне Тамилнад) 19 октября 1910 Лахор, Пенджаб, ныне Пенджаб, Пакистан 21 августа 1995 Чикаго, Иллинойс, США Физика "за его теоретические исследования физических процессов, имеющих значение для структуры и эволюции звезд." (награжден совместно с американским астрофизиком Уильямом Альфредом Фаулером)
2001 Видиадхар Сураджпрасад Найпаул (округ Горакхпур, Объединенная провинция, ныне Уттар-Прадеш) 17 августа 1932 Чагуанас, Тринидад и Тобаго 11 августа 2018 Лондон, Великобритания Литература
2009 Венкатраман "Венки" Рамакришнан (округ Куддалор, Тамилнад) 1 апреля 1952 Чидамбарам, Тамилнад Химия "за исследования структуры и функции рибосомы." (награжден совместно с американским биохимиком Томасом А. Штайцем и израильским кристаллографом Адой Йонат)
2019 Абиджит Банерджи (округ Хугли, Западная Бенгалия) 21 февраля 1961 Мумбаи, Махараштра Экономика "за их экспериментальный подход к смягчению глобальной бедности" (награжден совместно со своей женой Эстер Дюфло и американским экономистом Майклом Кремером)
Two (Tagore and Raman) of the Nobel laureates are citizens of British India at the time they were awarded. Three (Teresa, Sen, and Satyarthi) of the Nobel laureates are citizens of India and four (Khorana, Chandrasekhar, Ramakrishnan, and Banerjee) were Indian by birth but subsequently non citizens of India. One (Naipaul) is a Trinidad and Tobago born British Nobel laureate of Indian origin. Year Image Laureate Born Died Field Citation Citizens of British India1913Rabindranath Tagore (Khulna district, Bengal, now Bangladesh)7 May 1861 Kolkata, Bengal, now West Bengal7 August 1941 Kolkata, Bengal, now West BengalLiterature"because of his profoundly sensitive, fresh and beautiful verse, by which, with consummate skill, he has made his poetic thought, expressed in his own English words, a part of the literature of the West. "1930Chandrasekhara Venkata Raman (Thanjavur district, Madras, now Tamil Nadu)7 November 1888 Tiruchirapalli, Madras, now Tamil Nadu21 November 1970 Bangalore, KarnatakaPhysics "for his work on the scattering of light and for the discovery of the effect named after him." Citizens of India1979Teresa Bojaxhiu, M. C. (Ottoman, now North Macedonia)26 August 1910 Skopje, Ottoman, now North Macedonia5 September 1997 Kolkata, West BengalPeace"for her work for bringing help to suffering humanity. "1998Amartya Sen (Dhaka district, Bengal, now Bangladesh)3 November 1933 Santiniketan, Bolpur, Bengal, now West BengalEconomics"for his contributions to welfare economics. "2014Kailash Satyarthi (Vidisha district, Madhya Pradesh)11 January 1954 Vidisha, Madhya PradeshPeace"for their struggle against the suppression of children and young people and for the right of all children to education. "(awarded together with Pakistani activist Malala Yousafzai) Diaspora1968Har Gobind Khorana (Multan district, Punjab, now Pakistan's Punjab)9 January 1922 Raipur, Punjab, now Pakistan's Punjab9 November 2011 Concord, Massachusetts, United StatesPhysiology or Medicine"for their interpretation of the genetic code and its function in protein synthesis. "(awarded together with American biochemists Marshall W. Nirenberg and Robert W. Holley)1983Subrahmanyan Chandrasekhar (Thanjavur district, Madras, now Tamil Nadu)19 October 1910 Lahore, Punjab, now Pakistan's Punjab21 August 1995 Chicago, Illinois, United StatesPhysics"for his theoretical studies of the physical processes of importance to the structure and evolution of the stars. "(awarded together with American astrophysicist William Alfred Fowler)2001Vidiadhar Surajprasad Naipaul (Gorakhpur district, United Province, now Uttar Pradesh)17 August 1932, Chaguanas Borough Corporation, Trinidad and Tobago11 August 2018, London, United KingdomLiterature2009Venkatraman "Venki" Ramakrishnan (Cuddalore district, Tamil Nadu)1 April 1952 Chidambaram, Tamil NaduChemistry"for studies of the structure and function of the ribosome. "(awarded together with American biochemist Thomas A. Steitz and Israeli crystallographer Ada Yonath)2019Abhijit Banerjee (Hooghly district, West Bengal)21 February 1961 Mumbai, Maharashtra Economics"for their experimental approach to alleviating global poverty"(awarded together with his wife Esther Duflo and American economist Michael Kremer) Expatriates1902Ronald Ross13 May 1857 Almora, Uttarakhand16 September 1932 London, United KingdomPhysiology or Medicine"for his work on malaria, by which he has shown how it enters the organism and thereby has laid the foundation for successful research on this disease and methods of combating it. "1907Joseph Rudyard Kipling30 December 1865 Malabar Hill, South Mumbai, Maharashtra18 January 1936 London, United KingdomLiterature"in consideration of the power of observation, originality of imagination, virility of ideas and remarkable talent for narration which characterize the creations of this world famous author."
Эмигранты
1902 Рональд Росс 13 мая 1857 Алмора, Уттаракханд 16 сентября 1932 Лондон, Великобритания Физиология или медицина "за его работы по малярии, в ходе которых он показал, как она проникает в организм, и тем самым заложил основу для успешных исследований этого заболевания и методов борьбы с ним."
1907 Джозеф Рудиард Киплинг 30 декабря 1865 Малабар Хилл, Южный Мумбаи, Махараштра 18 января 1936 Лондон, Великобритания Литература "ввиду силы наблюдения, оригинальности воображения, живости идей и выдающегося таланта для повествования, которые характеризуют произведения этого всемирно известного автора."
Two (Tagore and Raman) of the Nobel laureates are citizens of British India at the time they were awarded. Three (Teresa, Sen, and Satyarthi) of the Nobel laureates are citizens of India and four (Khorana, Chandrasekhar, Ramakrishnan, and Banerjee) were Indian by birth but subsequently non citizens of India. One (Naipaul) is a Trinidad and Tobago born British Nobel laureate of Indian origin. Year Image Laureate Born Died Field Citation Citizens of British India1913Rabindranath Tagore (Khulna district, Bengal, now Bangladesh)7 May 1861 Kolkata, Bengal, now West Bengal7 August 1941 Kolkata, Bengal, now West BengalLiterature"because of his profoundly sensitive, fresh and beautiful verse, by which, with consummate skill, he has made his poetic thought, expressed in his own English words, a part of the literature of the West. "1930Chandrasekhara Venkata Raman (Thanjavur district, Madras, now Tamil Nadu)7 November 1888 Tiruchirapalli, Madras, now Tamil Nadu21 November 1970 Bangalore, KarnatakaPhysics "for his work on the scattering of light and for the discovery of the effect named after him." Citizens of India1979Teresa Bojaxhiu, M. C. (Ottoman, now North Macedonia)26 August 1910 Skopje, Ottoman, now North Macedonia5 September 1997 Kolkata, West BengalPeace"for her work for bringing help to suffering humanity. "1998Amartya Sen (Dhaka district, Bengal, now Bangladesh)3 November 1933 Santiniketan, Bolpur, Bengal, now West BengalEconomics"for his contributions to welfare economics. "2014Kailash Satyarthi (Vidisha district, Madhya Pradesh)11 January 1954 Vidisha, Madhya PradeshPeace"for their struggle against the suppression of children and young people and for the right of all children to education. "(awarded together with Pakistani activist Malala Yousafzai) Diaspora1968Har Gobind Khorana (Multan district, Punjab, now Pakistan's Punjab)9 January 1922 Raipur, Punjab, now Pakistan's Punjab9 November 2011 Concord, Massachusetts, United StatesPhysiology or Medicine"for their interpretation of the genetic code and its function in protein synthesis. "(awarded together with American biochemists Marshall W. Nirenberg and Robert W. Holley)1983Subrahmanyan Chandrasekhar (Thanjavur district, Madras, now Tamil Nadu)19 October 1910 Lahore, Punjab, now Pakistan's Punjab21 August 1995 Chicago, Illinois, United StatesPhysics"for his theoretical studies of the physical processes of importance to the structure and evolution of the stars. "(awarded together with American astrophysicist William Alfred Fowler)2001Vidiadhar Surajprasad Naipaul (Gorakhpur district, United Province, now Uttar Pradesh)17 August 1932, Chaguanas Borough Corporation, Trinidad and Tobago11 August 2018, London, United KingdomLiterature2009Venkatraman "Venki" Ramakrishnan (Cuddalore district, Tamil Nadu)1 April 1952 Chidambaram, Tamil NaduChemistry"for studies of the structure and function of the ribosome. "(awarded together with American biochemist Thomas A. Steitz and Israeli crystallographer Ada Yonath)2019Abhijit Banerjee (Hooghly district, West Bengal)21 February 1961 Mumbai, Maharashtra Economics"for their experimental approach to alleviating global poverty"(awarded together with his wife Esther Duflo and American economist Michael Kremer) Expatriates1902Ronald Ross13 May 1857 Almora, Uttarakhand16 September 1932 London, United KingdomPhysiology or Medicine"for his work on malaria, by which he has shown how it enters the organism and thereby has laid the foundation for successful research on this disease and methods of combating it. "1907Joseph Rudyard Kipling30 December 1865 Malabar Hill, South Mumbai, Maharashtra18 January 1936 London, United KingdomLiterature"in consideration of the power of observation, originality of imagination, virility of ideas and remarkable talent for narration which characterize the creations of this world famous author."
Номинированные
Изображение Лауреат Родился Умер Годы Номинации Цитата Номинатор(ы) Мир Николас Рерих 19 октября 1874 в Санкт-Петербурге, Россия 13 декабря 1947 в Наггаре, Химачал-Прадеш, Индия 1929 "за его преданность делу сохранения искусства и архитектуры во время войны." Джорджес Чклавер (1897–1970) 1933 Михаил фон Таубе (1869–1961) 1935 Генри Пратт Фэрчайлд (1880–1956) Соль Блум (1870–1949) Энни Вуд Бесант 1 октября 1847 в Клэпхеме, Англия, Великобритания 20 сентября 1933 в Адьяре, Ченнаи, Тамил Наду, Индия 1931 "за активное участие в образовательной и гуманитарной работе в Индии, создание Лиги индийского самоуправления и за ее усилия по решению индийской "проблемы", тем самым обеспечив мир во всем мире путем объединения Востока и Запада." Питер Фриман (1888–1956) Раджа Махендра Пратап 1 декабря 1886 в Мурсане, Уттар-Прадеш, Индия 29 апреля 1979 в Мадрасе, Тамил-Наду, Индия 1932 "за путешествия по всему миру с целью повышения осведомленности о ситуации в Афганистане и Индии." Нильс Август Нильсон (1860–1940) Мохандас Карамчанд Ганди 2 октября 1869 в Порбандаре, Гуджарат 30 января 1948 в Нью-Дели, Дели 1937, 1938, 1939, 1947, 1948 Физика Чандрасехара Венката Раман 7 ноября 1888 в Тиручирапалли, Тамилнад 21 ноября 1970 в Бангалоре, Карнатака 1929, 1930 "за его работу в области рассеяния света и открытие модифицированного рассеяния, называемого эффектом Рамана." Мегнад Саха 6 октября 1893 в Дакке, Бангладеш 16 февраля 1956 в Нью-Дели 1930, 1937, 1939, 1940, 1951, 1955 "за разработку уравнения ионизации Саха, используемого для описания химических и физических условий в звездах." Артур Эдвин Кеннелли* 17 декабря 1861 в Колабе, Мумбаи, Махараштра 18 июня 1939 в Бостоне, Массачусетс, США 1935 "за вклад в теорию электрической передачи и разработку международных электрических стандартов." Хоми Джехангир Бхаба 30 октября 1909 в Мумбаи, Махараштра 24 января 1966 в Монблане, Альпы, Франция 1951, 1953, 1954, 1955, 1956 "за открытие каскадного процесса космического излучения и рассеяния Бхабы в квантовой электродинамике." Жак Хадемар (1865–1963) Сатьендра Натх Боз 1 января 1894 в Калькутте, Западная Бенгалия 4 февраля 1974 в Калькутте, Западная Бенгалия 1956, 1959, 1962, 1968, 1969 "за разработку основ статистики Бозе и теории конденсата Бозе в квантовой механике." Роберт Хэнбери Браун* 31 августа 1916 в Аруванкаду, Тамил Наду 16 января 2002 в Андовере, Гэмпшир, Великобритания 1965, 1966 "за разработку эффекта Хэнбери Брауна и Твисса, приведшего к созданию интерферометров интенсивности." Ричард Куинн Твисс* 24 августа 1920 в Шимле, Химачал-Прадеш 20 мая 2005 в Сиднее, Австралия Химия Роджер Джон Уильямс* 14 августа 1893 в Ути, Тамилнад 20 февраля 1988 в Остине, Техас, США 1960 "за его работу над витаминами, особенно по открытию и выделению витамина B6, липоевой кислоты и авидина." Гопаласамудрам Нараянан Рамачандран 8 октября 1922 в Эрнакуламе, Керала 7 апреля 2001 в Ченнаи, Тамилнад 1964 "за разработку схемы Рамачандрана для понимания структуры пептидов." Чандрасехара Венката Раман (1888–1970) Тирувенгадам Раджендрам Сешадри 3 февраля 1900 в Кулиталаи, Тамилнад 27 сентября 1975 в Нью-Дели 1966, 1968 "за исследования гетероциклических соединений кислорода." Литература Джозеф Рудьярд Киплинг* 30 декабря 1865 в Малабар-Хилл, Южный Мумбаи, Махараштра 18 января 1936 в Лондоне, Великобритания 1903, 1904, 1905, 1907 Рабиндранат Тагор 7 мая 1861 в Калькутте, Западная Бенгалия 7 августа 1941 в Калькутте, Западная Бенгалия 1913 Томас Стёрдж Мур (1870–1944) Рабиндранат Датта 1 октября 1883 в Калькутте, Западная Бенгалия 6 июля 1917 в Калькутте, Западная Бенгалия 1916 Сарвепалли Радхакришнан 5 сентября 1888 в Тируттани, Тамилнад 17 апреля 1975 в Ченнаи, Тамилнад 1933, 1934, 1935, 1936, 1937, 1952, 1956, 1957, 1958, 1960, 1961, 1962, 1963 Джеймс Казинс* 22 июля 1873 в Белфасте, Северная Ирландия 20 февраля 1956 в Маданапалле, Андхра-Прадеш 1935 Рабиндранат Тагор (1861–1941) Хари Мохан Банерджи 1936 Девадатта Рамакришна Бхандарка (1875–1950) Бенсадар Маджумдар 1937, 1939 Мохаммад Хосаин Хан (вероятно, Мохаммад Хабиб (1895–1971)) 1938 Пер Халльстрём (1866–1960) Санджиб Чаудхури 1938, 1939 Шри Ауробиндо Гхош 15 августа 1872 в Калькутте, Западная Бенгалия 5 декабря 1950 в Пондичерри, Союзная территория Пудучерри 1943 Фрэнсис Янгхазбенд (1863–1942) Сачидананда Раутрай 13 мая 1916 в Гуруджанге, Одиша 21 августа 2004 в Каттаке, Одиша 1959 Радхакамал Мукерджи (1889–1968) Лоуренс Дюрелл* 27 февраля 1912 в Джаландхаре, Пенджаб 7 ноября 1990 в Сомьер, Гар, Франция 1961, 1962, 1963, 1964, 1965, 1966, 1967, 1969, 1971 Гопал Сингх 29 ноября 1917 в Панаджи, Гоа 8 августа 1990 в Панаджи, Гоа 1965 Тарасанкар Бандхопадхьяй 27 июля 1898 в Лабпуре, Западная Бенгалия 14 сентября 1971 в Калькутте, Западная Бенгалия 1971 Кришна Крипалани (1907–1992) Индира Деви Дханраджир 17 августа 1930 в Хайдарабаде, Телангана, Индия 1973 Кришна Сринавас (1913–2007) Пратап Нараян Тандон 1973 Бридж Бехари Найяк (?)
Image Laureate Born Died Years Nominated Citation Nominator(s) PeaceNicholas Roerich19 October 1874 in Saint Petersburg, Russia13 December 1947 in Naggar, Himachal Pradesh, India1929"for his dedication to the cause of preserving art and architecture during times of war. "Georges Chklaver (1897–1970)1933Mikhail von Taube (1869–1961)1935Henry Pratt Fairchild (1880–1956)Sol Bloom (1870–1949)Annie Wood Besant1 October 1847 in Clapham, England, United Kingdom20 September 1933 in Adyar, Chennai, Tamil Nadu, India1931"for having been actively involved in educational and humanitarian work in India, establishing the Indian Home Rule League and for her efforts to solve the Indian "problem", thereby securing world peace by uniting East and West. "Peter Freeman (1888–1956)Raja Mahendra Pratap1 December 1886 in Mursan, Uttar Pradesh, India29 April 1979 in Madras, Tamil Nadu, India1932"for travelling around the world to create awareness about the situation in Afghanistan and India. "Nils August Nilsson (1860–1940)Mohandas Karamchand Gandhi2 October 1869 Porbandar, Gujarat30 January 1948 New Delhi, Delhi 1937, 1938, 1939, 1947, 1948 PhysicsChandrasekhara Venkata Raman7 November 1888 Tiruchirapalli, Tamil Nadu21 November 1970 Bangalore, Karnataka 1929, 1930"for his work in the field of light scattering and the discovery of a modified scattering called Raman effect. "Meghnad Saha6 October 1893 Dhaka, Bangladesh16 February 1956 New Delhi1930, 1937, 1939, 1940, 1951, 1955"for developing the Saha ionization equation, used to describe chemical and physical conditions in stars. "Arthur Edwin Kennelly*17 December 1861 Colaba, Mumbai, Maharashtra18 June 1939 Boston, Massachusetts, United States1935"for his contributions to the theory of electrical transmission and to the development of international electrical standards. "Homi Jehangir Bhabha30 October 1909 Mumbai, Maharashtra24 January 1966 Mont Blanc, Alps, France1951, 1953, 1954, 1955, 1956"for his discovery of the cascade process of cosmic radiation and Bhabha Scattering in quantum electrodynamics. "Jacques Hadamard (1865–1963)Satyendra Nath Bose1 January 1894 Kolkata, West Bengal4 February 1974 Kolkata, West Bengal1956, 1959, 1962, 1968, 1969"for developing the foundation for Bose statistics and the theory of the Bose condensate in quantum mechanics. "Robert Hanbury Brown*31 August 1916 Aruvankadu, Tamil Nadu16 January 2002 Andover, Hampshire, United Kingdom1965, 1966"for developing the Hanbury Brown and Twiss effect leading to the creation of intensity interferometers. "Richard Quinn Twiss*24 August 1920 Shimla, Himachal Pradesh20 May 2005 Sydney, Australia ChemistryRoger John Williams*14 August 1893 Ooty, Tamil Nadu20 February 1988 Austin, Texas, United States1960"for his work on vitamins, particularly on discovering and isolating vitamin B6, lipoic acid, and avidin. "Gopalasamudram Narayanan Ramachandran8 October 1922 Ernakulam, Kerala7 April 2001 Chennai, Tamil Nadu1964"for developing the Ramachandran plot for understanding peptide structure. "Chandrasekhara Venkata Raman (1888–1970)Thiruvengadam Rajendram Seshadri 3 February 1900 Kulithalai, Tamil Nadu27 September 1975 New Delhi1966, 1968"for his research on oxygen heterocyclic compounds." LiteratureJoseph Rudyard Kipling*30 December 1865 Malabar Hill, South Mumbai, Maharashtra18 January 1936 London, United Kingdom1903, 1904, 1905, 1907Rabindranath Tagore7 May 1861 Kolkata, West Bengal7 August 1941 Kolkata, West Bengal1913Thomas Sturge Moore (1870–1944)Rabindranath Datta1 October 1883 Kolkata, West Bengal6 July 1917 Kolkata, West Bengal1916Sarvepalli Radhakrishnan5 September 1888 Thiruttani, Tamil Nadu17 April 1975 Chennai, Tamil Nadu1933, 1934, 1935, 1936, 1937, 1952, 1956, 1957, 1958, 1960, 1961, 1962, 1963James Cousins*22 July 1873 Belfast, Northern Ireland20 February 1956 Madanapalle, Andhra Pradesh1935Rabindranath Tagore (1861–1941)Hari Mohan Banerjee1936Devadatta Ramakrishna Bhandarkar (1875–1950)Bensadhar Majumdar1937, 1939Mohammad Hosain Khan(probably Mohammad Habib (1895–1971))1938Per Hallström (1866–1960)Sanjib Chaudhuri1938, 1939Sri Aurobindo Ghose15 August 1872 Kolkata, West Bengal5 December 1950 Pondicherry, Union Territory of Puducherry1943Francis Younghusband (1863–1942)Sachidananda Routray13 May 1916 Gurujang, Odisha21 August 2004 Cuttack, Odisha1959Radhakamal Mukerjee (1889–1968)Lawrence Durrell*27 February 1912 Jalandhar, Punjab7 November 1990 Sommières, Gard, France1961, 1962, 1963, 1964, 1965, 1966, 1967, 1969, 1971Gopal Singh29 November 1917 Panaji, Goa8 August 1990 Panaji, Goa1965Tarasankar Bandyopadhyay27 July 1898 Labhpur, West Bengal14 September 1971 Kolkata, West Bengal1971Krishna Kripalani (1907–1992)Indira Devi Dhanrajgir17 August 1930 Hyderabad, Telangana, India1973Krishna Srinivas(1913–2007)Pratap Narayan Tandon1973Brij Behari Nayak (?)