Исламское омовение (Гусль)

Islamic ritual purification

ALA (غسل DIN, ) is an Arabic term to the full body ritual purification mandatory before the performance of various rituals and prayers, for any Muslim after sexual intercourse (i. e. it is mustahabb) before Friday prayer and prayers for Islamic holidays, before entering the ihram in preparation for Hajj, after having lost consciousness, and after formally converting. Sunni Muslims also perform the ablution before Salat al Tawba "Prayer of Repentance". Ghusl is often translated as "full ablution", as opposed to the "partial ablution" or wudu وضوء that Muslims perform after lesser impurities such as urination, defecation, flatulence, deep sleep, and light bleeding (depending on the madhhab). Ghusl is a ritual bath.

There are one farḍ (obligatory) acts. If one of these acts is omitted, it must be returned to and completed before the remaining acts. Rinsing the inner mouth (gargle with water). Irrigate nose (rinse inside of nose) with water and blowout. Washing the entire body.

Start by making niyyah (intention) to perform ghusl, say the Bismillah and make the intention to cleanse yourself of impurities. Wash the right hand up to and including the wrist (and between the fingers) three times and make sure to clean thoroughly, then similarly for the left hand. Wash the private parts and remove dirt or filth from the body (using your left hand). Perform wudu as if for salah. Ensure that the mouth and nostrils are thoroughly rinsed one time. If sitting on a stool or stone while bathing then the feet should also be washed when performing Wudu. But if sitting in a muddy place, feet should not be washed at this stage. Water should be poured over the head three times so that it flows all over the body, ensuring that the roots of hairs and parts not easily reached by water such as the back of the knees are washed thoroughly. If, after ghusl, one recalls that a certain portion of the body is left dry, it is not necessary to repeat the ghusl, but merely wash the dry portion. It is not sufficient to pass a wet hand over the dry place. If one has forgotten to rinse the mouth or the nostrils, these too could be rinsed when recalled after Ghusl has been performed. Ghusl should be made in a place of total privacy. In another hadith, ibn Abbas stated that Maymunah bint al Harith said that Muhammad was given a towel after ghusl, but he shook off the water instead of rubbing his body with it. In addition, ibn Abbas recorded the following hadith on the authority of his mother's sister:

Things that are makruh in ghusl. To perform ghusl at a place where anybody is watching you. Performing naked ghusl while facing towards the Kaaba. Talking in ghusl. Doing ghusl opposite to farad ghusl. Reciting dua other than Bismillah.

There are two methods of performing ghusl. One is known as ghusl tartibi, and the other is known as ghusl irtimasi.