Фауна и флора национального парка: угрозы и особенности обитания.

The park supports a diverse range of native fauna with 276 different species of mammals, birds and reptiles being reported. It is listed as a threatened species under the FFG Act 1988. The gliders have highly specific feeding and nesting requirements and use trees to move through the landscape. Consequently, they are highly susceptible to changes in forest conditions. Squirrel gliders have a reported home range size of approximately in northeast Victoria. This size can vary greatly and is strongly influenced by the availability of food and the quality of the forest habitat. Most of their time is spent in living eucalypt trees with a strong preference for large, mature trees in flower. They breed once per year with all males dying at the end of each breeding season. The average home range size for females is and for males it often exceeds For these reasons, sites that offer mature, evenly spaced trees and well connected patches are considered the most suitable habitats. As a predator, the owls have comparatively low abundance and require a constant source of high energy food which makes them particularly vulnerable to habitat fragmentation and degradation. They are considered to be nationally endangered with a population of approximately 1500 individuals remaining. Honeyeaters observed in northeast Victoria demonstrate a preference for box ironbark forest, particularly the nectar from yellow gum (Eucalyptus leucoxylon) and winter flowering red ironbark (Eucalyptus tricarpa). Other significant flora species found within the park are described below.

Red ironbark (Eucalyptus sideroxylon), also known as mugga ironbark, grows to a height of in open forests along the inland slopes of the Great Dividing Range in Victoria, New South Wales and southern Queensland. Flowering occurs throughout the year with seven small flower buds in umbels appearing in the axils of mature leaves. Leaf size is known to vary in response to environmental factors including water availability and soil composition. Both the swift parrot and regent honeyeater visit the park during winter to take advantage of the red ironbark's peak flowering period. The monoecious species is wind pollinated and described as having mostly erect branches, tough furrowed bark and dark green foliage. The species exhibits strong drought tolerance and an ability to survive in densely crowded strands though the rate of maturation can be slowed under these conditions. The species is described as having a hairy stem that grows to approximately in height, a single basal leaf and light green to yellow coloured flower with pale red shading. The deciduous herb originates from a population of approximately 100 individuals located inside a radius in the Mt Pilot section of the park. The evergreen tree grows to a height of and flowers predominantly between November and December on a two to three year cycle depending on environmental conditions. While some species benefit from burns through heat activated germination, others like the isolated populations of black cypress pine or Mount Pilot spider orchids may face local extinction. It is likely that past mining practices have led to heavy metal contamination in the park's waterways and sediments.

The Chiltern Mt Pilot National Park Management Plan was prepared in October 2008 in accordance with the The plan clearly articulates the park's significance and values in terms of natural resources, culture, history, tourism and recreation as well as providing an extensive list of legislative requirements and ECC recommendations with which it complies. Zoning is said to reflect the park's management priorities by assisting with the protection of sensitive and fragile environments and minimising the impact of potentially harmful activities.

A community based approach to natural resource management is reflected through collaborative partnerships with groups including Friends, Landcare and other volunteers who play an active role in monitoring and research activities. The Friends of Chiltern Mt Pilot National Park Inc. report that a range of activities have been undertaken since 2009 including removal of weeds, tree planting, site maintenance, sign posting, monitoring of nesting boxes, release of captive bred species and counting of significant species.