Введение
Железнодорожная линия в южной Англии
The North Downs Line is a railway line in South East England. It runs for 41 mile (66 km) from in Berkshire to in Surrey. It is named after the North Downs, a range of chalk hills that runs parallel to the eastern part of the route. The name was introduced in 1989 by Network SouthEast, the then operator. The North Downs Line serves the settlements in the Blackwater Valley as well as the towns of Guildford, Dorking and Reigate. It acts as an orbital route around the south and southwest of London and has direct connections to the Great Western Main Line at Reading, the Waterloo Reading line at , the Alton line at , the Portsmouth Direct Line at and the Brighton Main Line at Redhill. Three different operators run passenger services on the North Downs Line. GWR runs semi fast and stopping services along the entire length of the line from Reading to Redhill, the majority of which continue along the Brighton Main Line to Southern trains between and use a section west of Redhill. South Western Railway services between the capital and Reading use the line west of Wokingham and the same company operates between Guildford and en route to
The majority of the North Downs Line was constructed by the independent Reading, Reigate and Guildford Railway company (RG&RR), although the section between Guildford and Ash Junction was built by the London and South Western Railway. The line opened in 1849 and services were run from the outset by the South Eastern Railway, which took over the RG&RR in 1852. Three sections of the line were electrified by the Southern Railway in the 1930s, although around 29 mile (47 km) remains unelectrified. In the early 21st century, infrastructure works to increase the capacity of the line were undertaken, including the provision of new platforms at Reading and Redhill.
Северная Даунсская линия — железнодорожная линия в Юго-Восточной Англии. Она протянулась на 66 км (41 миля) от Беркшира до Суррея. Название линии происходит от Северных Даунс — цепи меловых холмов, расположенных параллельно восточной части маршрута. Название было введено в 1989 году компанией Network SouthEast, которая тогда являлась оператором. Северная Даунсская линия обслуживает населённые пункты в долине Блэкуотер, а также города Гилдфорд, Доркинг и Рейгейт. Она выполняет роль орбитального маршрута вокруг юга и юго-запада Лондона и имеет прямое сообщение с Главной линией Great Western в Рединге, линией Waterloo Reading в , линией Alton в , линией Portsmouth Direct в и Главной линией Брайтона в Редхилле. Пассажирские перевозки на Северной Даунсской линии осуществляют три разных оператора. GWR выполняет полуэкспрессы и местные рейсы по всей длине линии от Рединга до Редхилла, большинство из которых продолжают движение по Главной линии Брайтона. Southern Railway обслуживает участок к западу от Редхилла между и . South Western Railway использует линию к западу от Уокингама на маршрутах между столицей и Редингом, а та же компания осуществляет движение между Гилдфордом и на пути к .
The North Downs Line is a railway line in South East England. It runs for 41 mile (66 km) from in Berkshire to in Surrey. It is named after the North Downs, a range of chalk hills that runs parallel to the eastern part of the route. The name was introduced in 1989 by Network SouthEast, the then operator. The North Downs Line serves the settlements in the Blackwater Valley as well as the towns of Guildford, Dorking and Reigate. It acts as an orbital route around the south and southwest of London and has direct connections to the Great Western Main Line at Reading, the Waterloo Reading line at , the Alton line at , the Portsmouth Direct Line at and the Brighton Main Line at Redhill. Three different operators run passenger services on the North Downs Line. GWR runs semi fast and stopping services along the entire length of the line from Reading to Redhill, the majority of which continue along the Brighton Main Line to Southern trains between and use a section west of Redhill. South Western Railway services between the capital and Reading use the line west of Wokingham and the same company operates between Guildford and en route to
The majority of the North Downs Line was constructed by the independent Reading, Reigate and Guildford Railway company (RG&RR), although the section between Guildford and Ash Junction was built by the London and South Western Railway. The line opened in 1849 and services were run from the outset by the South Eastern Railway, which took over the RG&RR in 1852. Three sections of the line were electrified by the Southern Railway in the 1930s, although around 29 mile (47 km) remains unelectrified. In the early 21st century, infrastructure works to increase the capacity of the line were undertaken, including the provision of new platforms at Reading and Redhill.
Большая часть Северной Даунсской линии была построена независимой компанией Reading, Reigate and Guildford Railway (RG&RR), хотя участок между Гилдфордом и Аш-Джанкшн был построен компанией London and South Western Railway. Линия была открыта в 1849 году, и с самого начала её обслуживала Юго-Восточная железная дорога, которая в 1852 году поглотила RG&RR. В 1930-х годах компания Southern Railway электрифицировала три участка линии, однако около 47 км (29 миль) остаются неэлектрифицированными. В начале XXI века были проведены работы по модернизации инфраструктуры для увеличения пропускной способности линии, включая строительство новых платформ в Рединге и Редхилле.
The North Downs Line is a railway line in South East England. It runs for 41 mile (66 km) from in Berkshire to in Surrey. It is named after the North Downs, a range of chalk hills that runs parallel to the eastern part of the route. The name was introduced in 1989 by Network SouthEast, the then operator. The North Downs Line serves the settlements in the Blackwater Valley as well as the towns of Guildford, Dorking and Reigate. It acts as an orbital route around the south and southwest of London and has direct connections to the Great Western Main Line at Reading, the Waterloo Reading line at , the Alton line at , the Portsmouth Direct Line at and the Brighton Main Line at Redhill. Three different operators run passenger services on the North Downs Line. GWR runs semi fast and stopping services along the entire length of the line from Reading to Redhill, the majority of which continue along the Brighton Main Line to Southern trains between and use a section west of Redhill. South Western Railway services between the capital and Reading use the line west of Wokingham and the same company operates between Guildford and en route to
The majority of the North Downs Line was constructed by the independent Reading, Reigate and Guildford Railway company (RG&RR), although the section between Guildford and Ash Junction was built by the London and South Western Railway. The line opened in 1849 and services were run from the outset by the South Eastern Railway, which took over the RG&RR in 1852. Three sections of the line were electrified by the Southern Railway in the 1930s, although around 29 mile (47 km) remains unelectrified. In the early 21st century, infrastructure works to increase the capacity of the line were undertaken, including the provision of new platforms at Reading and Redhill.
Обзор
Северная Даунсская линия — железнодорожная линия в Юго-Восточной Англии. Она соединяет железнодорожную станцию Рединг на Великой Западной магистрали в Беркшире с железнодорожной станцией на Брайтонской магистрали в Суррее. Она обслуживает населённые пункты в долине Блэкуотер на границах Хэмпшира, Суррея и Беркшира, а также города Гилдфорд, Доркинг и Рейгейт в Суррее. Она функционирует как орбитальный маршрут, обходящий юг и юго-запад Лондона, и имеет прямое сообщение с линией Ватерлоо — Рединг в , линией Алтон в и Портсмутской прямой линией в . Стратегия развития железных дорог Суррея 2015 года отметила, что 56% пассажиров на этом маршруте пересаживаются на другие железнодорожные линии, и что четверть всех поездок начинается или заканчивается в Рединге. Около 13% пассажиров ездят в или из .
The name "North Downs Line" was first used in 1989 by Network SouthEast, the then operator of the line. Between Redhill and Ash, the line runs roughly parallel with the North Downs, a range of chalk hills that runs from Farnham to the White Cliffs of Dover. Between Ash and Reading, the line crosses the sands, gravels and clays of the London Basin. The steepest gradients, 1 in 96, and summit of the line are near , where the route crosses the watershed between the Rivers Mole and Wey in Surrey. The distances along the line between Redhill (22 miles 40 chains) and Shalford Junction (41 mi 60 ch), and between Ash Junction (48 mi 34 ch) and Reading (68 mi 68 ch) are measured from station in London. The North Downs Line is double track for the entirety of its length and has a maximum operational line speed of for passenger trains. Three sections of the line, RedhillReigate, GuildfordAldershot South Junction and WokinghamReading, are electrified using the 750 V DC third rail system. Two sections, ReigateShalford Junction and Aldershot South JunctionWokingham, together totalling route miles, are unelectrified. The line has a W6 loading gauge and overnight engineering possessions of up to 4 1/2 hours are available. In 2006, Network Rail classified the North Downs Line as "congested", but following the construction of new infrastructure, this status was revoked in 2023.
Название «Северная Даунсская линия» впервые было использовано в 1989 году компанией Network SouthEast, тогдашним оператором линии. Между Редхиллом и Эшем линия проходит примерно параллельно Северным Даунсам — цепи меловых холмов, простирающихся от Фарнхэма до Белых скал Дувра. Между Эшем и Редингом линия пересекает песчаные, гравийные и глинистые отложения Лондонского бассейна. Самые крутые уклоны, 1:96, и высшая точка линии находятся вблизи , где маршрут пересекает водораздел между реками Моль и Уэй в Суррее. Расстояния по линии между Редхиллом (22 мили 40 цепей) и переходом Шелфорд (41 миля 60 цепей), а также между переходом Эш (48 миль 34 цепи) и Редингом (68 миль 68 цепей) отсчитываются от станции в Лондоне. Северная Даунсская линия имеет два пути на протяжении всей своей длины и максимальную скорость движения пассажирских поездов . Три участка линии — Редхилл — Рейгейт, Гилдфорд — Альдершот Южный переход и Уокингем — Рединг — электрифицированы с использованием системы третьего рельса постоянного тока 750 В. Два участка — Рейгейт — переход Шелфорд и Альдершот Южный переход — Уокингем — общей протяжённостью в километров не электрифицированы. Линия имеет габарит W6 и доступны ночные инженерные окна продолжительностью до 4,5 часов. В 2006 году Network Rail классифицировала Северную Даунсскую линию как «перегруженную», но после строительства новой инфраструктуры этот статус был отменён в 2023 году.
The name "North Downs Line" was first used in 1989 by Network SouthEast, the then operator of the line. Between Redhill and Ash, the line runs roughly parallel with the North Downs, a range of chalk hills that runs from Farnham to the White Cliffs of Dover. Between Ash and Reading, the line crosses the sands, gravels and clays of the London Basin. The steepest gradients, 1 in 96, and summit of the line are near , where the route crosses the watershed between the Rivers Mole and Wey in Surrey. The distances along the line between Redhill (22 miles 40 chains) and Shalford Junction (41 mi 60 ch), and between Ash Junction (48 mi 34 ch) and Reading (68 mi 68 ch) are measured from station in London. The North Downs Line is double track for the entirety of its length and has a maximum operational line speed of for passenger trains. Three sections of the line, RedhillReigate, GuildfordAldershot South Junction and WokinghamReading, are electrified using the 750 V DC third rail system. Two sections, ReigateShalford Junction and Aldershot South JunctionWokingham, together totalling route miles, are unelectrified. The line has a W6 loading gauge and overnight engineering possessions of up to 4 1/2 hours are available. In 2006, Network Rail classified the North Downs Line as "congested", but following the construction of new infrastructure, this status was revoked in 2023.