Введение
Итальянская подводная лодка "Алаги" была построена в 1930-х годах и служила в составе Королевского флота (Regia Marina) во время Второй мировой войны. Она была названа в честь горы Амба Алаги в Эфиопии, которая в то время входила в состав Итальянской Восточной Африки.
Italian submarine Alagi was an built in the 1930s serving in the Regia Marina during World War II. She was named after the Amba Alagi mountain in Ethiopia, which was at the time part of Italian East Africa
Дизайн и описание
Подводные лодки класса «Адуа» были по сути повторением предыдущего класса. Они имели водоизмещение на поверхности и под водой. Длина подводных лодок составляла , ширина – , а осадка – .
For surface running, the boats were powered by two diesel engines, each driving one propeller shaft. When submerged each propeller was driven by a electric motor. They could reach on the surface and underwater. On the surface, the Adua class had a range of at , submerged, they had a range of at
The boats were armed with six internal torpedo tubes, four in the bow and two in the stern. They were also armed with one deck gun for combat on the surface. The light anti aircraft armament consisted of one or two pairs of machine guns. In 1940 Alagi was assigned to 71st Squadron (V Submarine Group) based at Cagliari. On 10 June 1940, at the outbreak of hostilities, Alagi was on patrol in the waters off Bizerta. She remained on station until 20 June without sighting any enemy ships. From 5 to 11 June 1941, Alagi, under command of captain Giulio Contreas, patrolled 20 miles northeast of Ras Azzaz. She sighted a small enemy ship and tried to launch an attack, but it was interrupted by a second ship which detected Alagi and headed in her direction, forcing her to disengage. (141 killed and 165 survivors). On 12 July 1942 at 20:04, at , northwest of Tripoli, Syria, Alagi fired two torpedoes and scored one hit in the engine room of the Turkish tanker Antares (3723 GRT, 1893) on a trip from Iskanderun to Haifa, causing her to be beached on Ruad Island. The tanker was later re floated, towed to Turkey and scrapped in late 1943. In August 1942 Alagi operated along the Regia Marina and Luftwaffe to intercept and block an Allied convoy to Malta (Operation Pedestal). On 12 August 1942 at 21:05, at , Alagi fired a spread of 4 torpedoes against a merchant and a cruiser, and immediately dove. 3 explosions were heard. At 21:12 cruiser was hit forward by one of four torpedoes and sustained damage to bow structure. was able to make 25 knots and remained with the convoy to continue operating in defense of merchants. The other 2 torpedoes hit and sunk M/V Clan Ferguson which was previously damaged by a bomb from Ju 88. On 8 November 1942, while sailing submerged to her area of operation near Bizerta, she collided underwater with another Italian submarine Italian submarine Diaspro and suffered serious damage to her tower and had to turn back and return to Naples. In December she first patrolled between Cape Bougaroun, island of La Galite and Cape Fer and then from 29 December near Bona, Algeria. In January 1943 Alagi patrolled northeast of Bona. From February to June 1943 she conducted several patrols south and southwest of Sardinia. In July 1943 Alagi first patrolled south of Sardinia, and later provided defensive screen in the waters of Sicily. On 16 July at 6:13, at , she intercepted a column of three destroyers. Alagi launched three torpedoes while on surface. After a minute and 45 seconds a violent explosion was heard, but no information about this action was ever reported in British official documentation. On 3 September 1943 Alagi was deployed to the Gulf of Salerno, and on 7 September under the Zeta Plan, she was sent along with ten other submarines to the Tyrrhenian Sea, between the Gulf of Gaeta and the Gulf of Paola to intercept an anticipated Anglo American landing in southern Italy. On 9 September 1943, following the announcement of the Armistice, Alagi which at that time was about sixty miles from Augusta headed for Malta, where she arrived on 16 September 1943 along with five other submarines escorted by destroyer Upon arrival she surrender to the Allies. On 13 October 1943 Alagi together with fifteen other submarines left Malta for mainland Italy. In October 1943, Alagi was transferred to Haifa where she was employed as a training unit for British troops and as a shipping vessel for supplies to the Aegean Islands. She returned to Taranto in December 1944, where she remained inactive until the end of the war. She was sold for scrap on 1 February 1948.
Для надводного хода лодки приводились в движение двумя дизельными двигателями, каждый из которых вращал один винтовой вал. В подводном положении каждый винт приводился в движение электродвигателем. Они могли развивать скорость на поверхности и под водой. На поверхности лодки класса «Адуа» имели дальность хода в миль при , а под водой – в миль при .
For surface running, the boats were powered by two diesel engines, each driving one propeller shaft. When submerged each propeller was driven by a electric motor. They could reach on the surface and underwater. On the surface, the Adua class had a range of at , submerged, they had a range of at
The boats were armed with six internal torpedo tubes, four in the bow and two in the stern. They were also armed with one deck gun for combat on the surface. The light anti aircraft armament consisted of one or two pairs of machine guns. In 1940 Alagi was assigned to 71st Squadron (V Submarine Group) based at Cagliari. On 10 June 1940, at the outbreak of hostilities, Alagi was on patrol in the waters off Bizerta. She remained on station until 20 June without sighting any enemy ships. From 5 to 11 June 1941, Alagi, under command of captain Giulio Contreas, patrolled 20 miles northeast of Ras Azzaz. She sighted a small enemy ship and tried to launch an attack, but it was interrupted by a second ship which detected Alagi and headed in her direction, forcing her to disengage. (141 killed and 165 survivors). On 12 July 1942 at 20:04, at , northwest of Tripoli, Syria, Alagi fired two torpedoes and scored one hit in the engine room of the Turkish tanker Antares (3723 GRT, 1893) on a trip from Iskanderun to Haifa, causing her to be beached on Ruad Island. The tanker was later re floated, towed to Turkey and scrapped in late 1943. In August 1942 Alagi operated along the Regia Marina and Luftwaffe to intercept and block an Allied convoy to Malta (Operation Pedestal). On 12 August 1942 at 21:05, at , Alagi fired a spread of 4 torpedoes against a merchant and a cruiser, and immediately dove. 3 explosions were heard. At 21:12 cruiser was hit forward by one of four torpedoes and sustained damage to bow structure. was able to make 25 knots and remained with the convoy to continue operating in defense of merchants. The other 2 torpedoes hit and sunk M/V Clan Ferguson which was previously damaged by a bomb from Ju 88. On 8 November 1942, while sailing submerged to her area of operation near Bizerta, she collided underwater with another Italian submarine Italian submarine Diaspro and suffered serious damage to her tower and had to turn back and return to Naples. In December she first patrolled between Cape Bougaroun, island of La Galite and Cape Fer and then from 29 December near Bona, Algeria. In January 1943 Alagi patrolled northeast of Bona. From February to June 1943 she conducted several patrols south and southwest of Sardinia. In July 1943 Alagi first patrolled south of Sardinia, and later provided defensive screen in the waters of Sicily. On 16 July at 6:13, at , she intercepted a column of three destroyers. Alagi launched three torpedoes while on surface. After a minute and 45 seconds a violent explosion was heard, but no information about this action was ever reported in British official documentation. On 3 September 1943 Alagi was deployed to the Gulf of Salerno, and on 7 September under the Zeta Plan, she was sent along with ten other submarines to the Tyrrhenian Sea, between the Gulf of Gaeta and the Gulf of Paola to intercept an anticipated Anglo American landing in southern Italy. On 9 September 1943, following the announcement of the Armistice, Alagi which at that time was about sixty miles from Augusta headed for Malta, where she arrived on 16 September 1943 along with five other submarines escorted by destroyer Upon arrival she surrender to the Allies. On 13 October 1943 Alagi together with fifteen other submarines left Malta for mainland Italy. In October 1943, Alagi was transferred to Haifa where she was employed as a training unit for British troops and as a shipping vessel for supplies to the Aegean Islands. She returned to Taranto in December 1944, where she remained inactive until the end of the war. She was sold for scrap on 1 February 1948.
Лодки были вооружены шестью внутренними торпедными аппаратами, четырьмя в носовой части и двумя в кормовой. Также они были оснащены одной палубной пушкой для боя на поверхности. Легкое зенитное вооружение состояло из одной или двух спаренных пулеметных установок. В 1940 году «Алаги» была зачислена в 71-ю эскадрилью (V подводная группа), базировавшуюся в Кальяри. 10 июня 1940 года, с началом боевых действий, «Алаги» патрулировала в районе Бизерты. Она оставалась в этом районе до 20 июня, не обнаружив вражеских кораблей. С 5 по 11 июня 1941 года «Алаги», под командованием капитана Джулио Контреаса, патрулировала в 20 милях к северо-востоку от Рас-Аззаз. Она обнаружила небольшой вражеский корабль и попыталась начать атаку, но ее прервало появление второго корабля, который обнаружил «Алаги» и направился к ней, вынудив ее отойти. (141 убитый и 165 выживших). 12 июля 1942 года в 20:04, к северо-западу от Триполи, Сирия, «Алаги» выпустила две торпеды и нанесла одно попадание в машинное отделение турецкого танкера «Антарес» (3723 GRT, 1893), следовавшего из Искандаруна в Хайфу, что привело к тому, что танкер сел на мель у острова Руад. Позже танкер был снят с мели, отбуксирован в Турцию и разобран на металлолом в конце 1943 года. В августе 1942 года «Алаги» действовала совместно с «Реджия Марина» и «Люфтваффе» для перехвата и блокирования союзного конвоя на Мальту (операция «Педестал»). 12 августа 1942 года в 21:05, «Алаги» выпустила залп из 4 торпед по транспортному судну и крейсеру, и немедленно ушла на глубину. Было слышно три взрыва. В 21:12 крейсер был поражен одной из четырех торпед в носовой части и получил повреждения носовой конструкции. смог развить скорость 25 узлов и остался с конвоем, продолжая обеспечивать защиту торговых судов. Две другие торпеды попали и потопили M/V «Clan Ferguson», который ранее был поврежден бомбой с Ju 88. 8 ноября 1942 года, находясь под водой и направляясь к району патрулирования у Бизерты, «Алаги» столкнулась под водой с другой итальянской подводной лодкой «Диасро» и получила серьезные повреждения башни, что вынудило ее вернуться в Неаполь. В декабре она сначала патрулировала между мысом Бугарун, островом Ла-Галит и мысом Фер, а затем, с 29 декабря, у Боны, Алжир. В январе 1943 года «Алаги» патрулировала к северо-востоку от Боны. С февраля по июнь 1943 года она провела несколько патрулей к югу и юго-западу от Сардинии. В июле 1943 года «Алаги» сначала патрулировала к югу от Сардинии, а затем обеспечивала прикрытие в водах Сицилии. 16 июля в 6:13, она перехватила колонну из трех эсминцев. «Алаги» выпустила три торпеды с поверхности. Через минуту и 45 секунд был слышен сильный взрыв, но информация об этом инциденте так и не была отражена в британской официальной документации. 3 сентября 1943 года «Алаги» была переброшена в Салернский залив, а 7 сентября, в соответствии с планом «Зета», она была отправлена вместе с десятью другими подводными лодками в Тирренское море, между заливом Гаета и заливом Паола, для перехвата ожидаемого англо-американского десанта в южной Италии. 9 сентября 1943 года, после объявления перемирия, «Алаги», находившаяся в то время в шестидесяти милях от Аугусты, направилась на Мальту, где прибыла 16 сентября 1943 года вместе с пятью другими подводными лодками в сопровождении эсминца. По прибытии она сдалась союзникам. 13 октября 1943 года «Алаги» вместе с пятнадцатью другими подводными лодками покинула Мальту и направилась к материковой Италии. В октябре 1943 года «Алаги» была переведена в Хайфу, где использовалась в качестве учебного подразделения для британских войск и в качестве транспортного судна для доставки припасов на Эгейские острова. В декабре 1944 года она вернулась в Таранто, где оставалась неактивной до конца войны. 1 февраля 1948 года она была продана на металлолом.
For surface running, the boats were powered by two diesel engines, each driving one propeller shaft. When submerged each propeller was driven by a electric motor. They could reach on the surface and underwater. On the surface, the Adua class had a range of at , submerged, they had a range of at
The boats were armed with six internal torpedo tubes, four in the bow and two in the stern. They were also armed with one deck gun for combat on the surface. The light anti aircraft armament consisted of one or two pairs of machine guns. In 1940 Alagi was assigned to 71st Squadron (V Submarine Group) based at Cagliari. On 10 June 1940, at the outbreak of hostilities, Alagi was on patrol in the waters off Bizerta. She remained on station until 20 June without sighting any enemy ships. From 5 to 11 June 1941, Alagi, under command of captain Giulio Contreas, patrolled 20 miles northeast of Ras Azzaz. She sighted a small enemy ship and tried to launch an attack, but it was interrupted by a second ship which detected Alagi and headed in her direction, forcing her to disengage. (141 killed and 165 survivors). On 12 July 1942 at 20:04, at , northwest of Tripoli, Syria, Alagi fired two torpedoes and scored one hit in the engine room of the Turkish tanker Antares (3723 GRT, 1893) on a trip from Iskanderun to Haifa, causing her to be beached on Ruad Island. The tanker was later re floated, towed to Turkey and scrapped in late 1943. In August 1942 Alagi operated along the Regia Marina and Luftwaffe to intercept and block an Allied convoy to Malta (Operation Pedestal). On 12 August 1942 at 21:05, at , Alagi fired a spread of 4 torpedoes against a merchant and a cruiser, and immediately dove. 3 explosions were heard. At 21:12 cruiser was hit forward by one of four torpedoes and sustained damage to bow structure. was able to make 25 knots and remained with the convoy to continue operating in defense of merchants. The other 2 torpedoes hit and sunk M/V Clan Ferguson which was previously damaged by a bomb from Ju 88. On 8 November 1942, while sailing submerged to her area of operation near Bizerta, she collided underwater with another Italian submarine Italian submarine Diaspro and suffered serious damage to her tower and had to turn back and return to Naples. In December she first patrolled between Cape Bougaroun, island of La Galite and Cape Fer and then from 29 December near Bona, Algeria. In January 1943 Alagi patrolled northeast of Bona. From February to June 1943 she conducted several patrols south and southwest of Sardinia. In July 1943 Alagi first patrolled south of Sardinia, and later provided defensive screen in the waters of Sicily. On 16 July at 6:13, at , she intercepted a column of three destroyers. Alagi launched three torpedoes while on surface. After a minute and 45 seconds a violent explosion was heard, but no information about this action was ever reported in British official documentation. On 3 September 1943 Alagi was deployed to the Gulf of Salerno, and on 7 September under the Zeta Plan, she was sent along with ten other submarines to the Tyrrhenian Sea, between the Gulf of Gaeta and the Gulf of Paola to intercept an anticipated Anglo American landing in southern Italy. On 9 September 1943, following the announcement of the Armistice, Alagi which at that time was about sixty miles from Augusta headed for Malta, where she arrived on 16 September 1943 along with five other submarines escorted by destroyer Upon arrival she surrender to the Allies. On 13 October 1943 Alagi together with fifteen other submarines left Malta for mainland Italy. In October 1943, Alagi was transferred to Haifa where she was employed as a training unit for British troops and as a shipping vessel for supplies to the Aegean Islands. She returned to Taranto in December 1944, where she remained inactive until the end of the war. She was sold for scrap on 1 February 1948.