Экспериментальные науки IB: Группа 4 и обновления программы

The Group 4: Experimental sciences subjects of the International Baccalaureate Diploma Programme comprise the main scientific emphasis of this internationally recognized high school programme. They consist of seven courses, five of which are offered at both the Standard Level (SL) and Higher Level (HL): Chemistry, Biology, Physics, Design Technology, and, as of August 2012, Computer Science (previously a group 5 elective course) is offered as part of the Group 4 subjects. There are also two SL only courses: a transdisciplinary course, Environmental Systems and Societies, that satisfies Diploma requirements for Groups 3 and 4, and Sports, Exercise and Health Science (previously, for last examinations in 2013, a pilot subject). Astronomy also exists as a school based syllabus. Students taking two or more Group 4 subjects may combine any of the aforementioned. The Chemistry, Biology, Physics and Design Technology was last updated for first teaching in September 2014, with syllabus updates (including a decrease in the number of options), a new internal assessment component similar to that of the Group 5 (mathematics) explorations, and "a new concept based approach" dubbed "the nature of science". A new, standard level only course will also be introduced to cater to candidates who do not wish to further their studies in the sciences, focusing on important concepts in Chemistry, Biology and Physics.

The 3 core sciences namely Biology, Chemistry, and Physics will be updated for first teaching in August 2023, with first examinations in May 2025. The syllabus change was originally scheduled for 2021, though the COVID 19 pandemic caused the IB to delay the syllabus change to 2023. Details of the specific changes can be found on the IBO website.

ContentCoverageA. Space, time and motionA1. KinematicsSL/HLA2. Forces and momentumSL/HLA3. Work, energy and powerSL/HLA4. Rigid body mechanicsHL onlyA5. Galilean and special relativityHL onlyB. The particulate nature of matterB1. Thermal energy transfersSL/HLB2. Greenhouse effectSL/HLB3. Gas lawsSL/HLB4. Thermodynamics HL onlyB5. Current and circuitsSL/HLC. Wave behaviourC1. Simple harmonic motionSL/HL + HL additionalC2. Wave modelSL/HLC3. Wave phenomenaSL/HL + HL additionalC4. Standing waves and resonanceSL/HLC5. Doppler effectSL/HL + HL additionalD. FieldsD1. Gravitational fieldsSL/HL + HL additionalD2. Electric and magnetic fields SL/HL + HL additionalD3. Motion in electromagnetic fieldsSL/HLD4. InductionHL onlyE. Nuclear and quantum physicsE1. Structure of the atomSL/HL + HL additionalE2. Quantum physicsHL onlyE3. Radioactive decaySL/HL + HL additionalE4. FissionSL/HLE5. Fusion and starsSL/HLExperimental programmePractical workSL/HLCollaborative sciences project SL/HLScientific investigationSL/HL

ContentCoverageStructure 1. Models of the particulate nature of matterStructure 1.1 Introduction to the particulate nature of matterSL/HLStructure 1.2 The nuclear atomSL/HLStructure 1.3 Electron configurationsSL/HLStructure 1.4 Counting particles by mass: The moleSL/HLStructure 1.5 Ideal gasesSL/HLStructure 2. Models of bonding and structureStructure 2.1 The ionic modelSL/HLStructure 2.2 The covalent modelSL/HLStructure 2.3 The metallic modelSL/HLStructure 2.4 From models to materialsSL/HLStructure 3. Classification of matterStructure 3.1 The periodic table: Classification of elementsSL/HLStructure 3.2 Functional groups: Classification of organic compoundsSL/HLReactivity 1. What drives chemical reactions?Reactivity 1.1 Measuring enthalpy changeSL/HLReactivity 1.2 Energy cycles in reactionsSL/HLReactivity 1.3 Energy from fuelsSL/HLReactivity 1.4 Entropy and spontaneity SL/HL + HL additionalReactivity 2. How much, how fast and how far?Reactivity 2.1 How much? The amount of chemical change SL/HLReactivity 2.2 How fast? The rate of chemical changeSL/HLReactivity 2.3 How far? The extent of chemical changeSL/HLReactivity 3. What are the mechanisms of chemical change?Reactivity 3.1 Proton transfer reactionsSL/HLReactivity 3.2 Electron transfer reactionsSL/HLReactivity 3.3 Electron sharing reactionsSL/HLReactivity 3.4 Electron pair sharing reactionsSL/HLExperimental programmePractical workSL/HLCollaborative sciences projectSL/HLScientific investigation SL/HL

Biology is the science of life and living organisms. Aside from instruction relevant to this, students are given the chance to learn complex laboratory techniques (e. g., DNA extraction) as well as develop mindful opinions about controversial topics in biology (e. g., stem cell research and genetic modification). The syllabus lists thirteen topics, to be covered in an order varying from school to school:

There are two external assessment components and one internal assessment component.

Candidates will need to complete 30 hours of practical work throughout the course. Each of the three criteria planning (Pl), data collection and processing (DCP) and discussion, evaluation and conclusion (DEC) are assessed twice, while the fourth criterion personal skills (PS) is assessed summatively throughout the course. The maximum raw mark is 42, which contributes 20% of the course.

The computer science course was recently updated and moved from Group 5 (as an elective course) to Group 4, becoming a full course, from first examinations in 2014. The structure and assessment of the course has changed to greater emphasize problem solving rather than Java program construction. The curriculum model for the course still differs from other Group 4 subjects however.

Standard Level candidates study the SL/HL core (80 hours) and the core of one option (30 hours), while Higher Level candidates study the SL/HL core (80 hours), HL extension (45 hours), an annually issued case study (30 hours) and the whole of one option (30 + 15 hours). The remaining 40 hours for both Standard and Higher Level comes from the internal assessment component, for a total of 150 teaching hours at SL and 240 hours at HL.

There are three external assessment components and two internal assessment components.

All students of the Diploma Programme in any of these subjects, with the exception of environmental systems and societies, will compulsorily complete an inter disciplinary and collaborative investigation called the Group 4 project. The Group 4 project assessment is included in the internal assessment marks. Students undertaking two or more group 4 courses will obtain the same mark for all of the courses.

While AP Physics C is specifically calculus based, the IB Physics SL and HL courses primarily utilize algebra and trigonometry.