19 Кислева: День освобождения и начало Хасидуса

Chassidic holiday

The 19 Kislev refers to the 19th day of the Jewish month of Kislev. The date is celebrated by Hasidic Jews as the Yom Hillula (anniversary of death) of the Maggid of Mezritch, successor of the Baal Shem Tov (the founder of Hasidism), who died on this date in 1772, and more significantly within the Chabad movement, as the date of the liberation of Rabbi Shneur Zalman of Liadi (1798).

Rabbi Shneur Zalman of Liadi , the first Rebbe of Chabad (also known as the "Alter Rebbe" in Yiddish), was informed upon by a misnaged named Avigdor and arrested on charges of supporting the Ottoman Empire by urging his followers to send money to the Land of Israel as "evidence" of his alleged insurrectionist aspirations (in fact, the money was sent to support poor Jews). At the time, the Land of Israel was a part of the Ottoman Empire, which was at war with Russia. Shneur Zalman was charged with treason, and released in the secular year 1798 on the Jewish date of Tuesday, 19 Kislev. The fifty three days of Rabbi Shneur Zalman's imprisonment are said to correspond to the fifty three chapters of the first section of the Tanya.

This day is regarded in the Chabad movement as a divine vindication, and is celebrated by Chabad Chasidim with farbrengens. It is regarded as "the New Year of Chassidus (Hasidism)," when each Chassid wishes the other, "may you be signed and sealed for a good year in the study and ways of Chassidus." Tachanun is not recited. The last verses of Psalm 55, "He has redeemed my soul in peace," are traditionally sung on this day. These verses are a reference to the experienced by the Alter Rebbe on this day. Rabbi Shneur Zalman said: "Whoever participates in my celebration will merit to see nachas from his descendants." The day is also marked by many other non Chabad Chassidic groups.

When the Alter Rebbe left prison he was mistakenly brought to the home of a misnaged (one opposed to Chassidus), who caused him to suffer with his questions. Afterwards, the Alter Rebbe said that the three hours he spent at the misnaged's home were more difficult than all the time he had spent in prison. In commemoration of the fact that the Alter Rebbe's liberation was not complete until he left the misnaged's house, Chassidim mark 20 Kislev as a day of liberation as well.

Rabbi Yaakov of Marvege (Korebil), a twelfth century Tosafist and Kabbalist, wrote a book called "Responsa from Heaven," in which he recorded halachic (Jewish legal) responsa he said he had heard from Heaven. After discussing the concept that one should only study Torah after immersion in a mikveh (ritual bath), he describes 19 Kislev as "a day that will herald good tidings." 19 Kislev, 1744 considered to mark the day upon which Rabbi Shneur Zalman was conceived, as he was born exactly nine months later, on 18 Elul. 19 Kislev, 1809 the birth date of the Alter Rebbe of Chasidei Zychlin, It was celebrated as the birth date of the Zychlin dynasty until 95% of its followers were murdered in The Holocaust. 19 Kislev, 2011 the day that the Iraq War ended. 19 Kislev, 2017 U. S. President Donald Trump says that Jerusalem is the capital of the Nation State of Israel, and that the US Embassy shall be relocated to the city.