Копенгагенское метро M3 (Cityringen): крупнейший строительный проект за 400 лет! 17 станций, кольцевая линия, открыта в 2019 году. Планирование с 2007.
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Введение
Линия City Circle Line (Cityringen) или M3 — кольцевая линия Копенгагенского метро. Компания COWI A/S утверждает, что линия City Circle Line является крупнейшим строительным проектом, реализованным в Копенгагене за последние 400 лет. Общая протяженность сети составляет [укажите протяженность] и включает 17 станций. Линия открылась 29 сентября 2019 года. Планы по ее строительству были одобрены парламентом Дании 1 июня 2007 года. Предпочтительные участники были объявлены в ноябре 2010 года. Общая стоимость оценивалась в 15 миллиардов крон, но возросла до 21,3 миллиарда крон ($[укажите сумму в долларах]) к моменту объявления подрядчиков в конце 2010 года. Проект предусматривал строительство подземного кольцевого маршрута, в общей сложности 17 станций и аварийных эвакуационных шахт для поддержки двух новых подземных линий, обозначенных как M3 и M4. Планируемая линия City Circle Line соединится со станциями Kongens Nytorv и Frederiksberg существующей сети метро. В процессе строительства было обычной практикой развертывание геологических датчиков вблизи строительной площадки для мониторинга подвижек грунта с целью защиты зданий и других сооружений в городе. В том же году были завершены другие работы, включая стены вокруг всех станций и три шахтных сооружения. После завершения строительства линии 85% всех домов, рабочих мест и учебных заведений в центральной части Копенгагена, а также в прилегающих районах, будут находиться в пределах десятиминутной пешей доступности от станции метро или поезда.
The City Circle Line (Cityringen) or M3 is a loop line of the Copenhagen Metro. It has been claimed by COWI A/S that the City Circle Line is the largest construction project to have taken place in Copenhagen during the last 400 years. The network's total length is and has 17 stations. The line opened on 29 September 2019. Plans for its construction were approved by the Danish Parliament on 1 June 2007. Preferred bidders were announced during November 2010. The total cost was estimated at 15 billion kroner but had risen to 21.3 billion kroner ($ billion) when the contractors were announced in late 2010. As proposed, it involved the construction of a underground circular route, a total of 17 stations, and emergency escape shafts, to support two new underground lines, designated as M3 and M4. The planned City Circle Line would connect into the Kongens Nytorv and Frederiksberg stations of the preexisting metro network. During the construction process, it was commonplace for geological sensors to be deployed in the general vicinity to monitor ground movements for the purpose of protecting buildings and other structures in the city.). That same year, various other works were finished, including the walls around all of the stations, and three of the shaft structures. Once the line is completed, 85 per cent of all homes, work places and educational facilities in Copenhagen's inner city area, as well as the surrounding neighbourhoods, shall be less than a ten minute walk from either a metro or train station. København H (Copenhagen Central Station, interchange with S trains, DSB and SJ)
Rådhuspladsen (City Hall Square)
Gammel Strand near Christiansborg Palace
Kongens Nytorv (interchange with M1 and M2)
Marmorkirken (The Marble Church)
Østerport (interchange with S trains and DSB)
Trianglen (close to the Parken Stadium)
Poul Henningsens Plads
Vibenshus Runddel
Skjolds Plads
Nørrebro (interchange with S trains)
Nørrebros Runddel
Nuuks Plads
Aksel Møllers Have
Frederiksberg (interchange with M1 and M2)
Frederiksberg Allé
Enghave Plads
While the stations have a similar structure to those of the current Metro, they have been designed with more varied materials and colors, making each individual station more recognisable.
København H (Центральный вокзал Копенгагена, пересадка на поезда S, DSB и SJ)
Rådhuspladsen (Площадь Ратуши)
Gammel Strand возле Дворца Кристиансборг
Kongens Nytorv (пересадка на M1 и M2)
Marmorkirken (Мраморная церковь)
Østerport (пересадка на поезда S и DSB)
Trianglen (рядом со стадионом Паркен)
Poul Henningsens Plads
Vibenshus Runddel
Skjolds Plads
Nørrebro (пересадка на поезда S)
Nørrebros Runddel
Nuuks Plads
Aksel Møllers Have
Frederiksberg (пересадка на M1 и M2)
Frederiksberg Allé
Enghave Plads
The City Circle Line (Cityringen) or M3 is a loop line of the Copenhagen Metro. It has been claimed by COWI A/S that the City Circle Line is the largest construction project to have taken place in Copenhagen during the last 400 years. The network's total length is and has 17 stations. The line opened on 29 September 2019. Plans for its construction were approved by the Danish Parliament on 1 June 2007. Preferred bidders were announced during November 2010. The total cost was estimated at 15 billion kroner but had risen to 21.3 billion kroner ($ billion) when the contractors were announced in late 2010. As proposed, it involved the construction of a underground circular route, a total of 17 stations, and emergency escape shafts, to support two new underground lines, designated as M3 and M4. The planned City Circle Line would connect into the Kongens Nytorv and Frederiksberg stations of the preexisting metro network. During the construction process, it was commonplace for geological sensors to be deployed in the general vicinity to monitor ground movements for the purpose of protecting buildings and other structures in the city.). That same year, various other works were finished, including the walls around all of the stations, and three of the shaft structures. Once the line is completed, 85 per cent of all homes, work places and educational facilities in Copenhagen's inner city area, as well as the surrounding neighbourhoods, shall be less than a ten minute walk from either a metro or train station. København H (Copenhagen Central Station, interchange with S trains, DSB and SJ)
Rådhuspladsen (City Hall Square)
Gammel Strand near Christiansborg Palace
Kongens Nytorv (interchange with M1 and M2)
Marmorkirken (The Marble Church)
Østerport (interchange with S trains and DSB)
Trianglen (close to the Parken Stadium)
Poul Henningsens Plads
Vibenshus Runddel
Skjolds Plads
Nørrebro (interchange with S trains)
Nørrebros Runddel
Nuuks Plads
Aksel Møllers Have
Frederiksberg (interchange with M1 and M2)
Frederiksberg Allé
Enghave Plads
While the stations have a similar structure to those of the current Metro, they have been designed with more varied materials and colors, making each individual station more recognisable.
Несмотря на схожую структуру со станциями существующего метро, они были спроектированы с использованием более разнообразных материалов и цветов, что делает каждую станцию более узнаваемой.
The City Circle Line (Cityringen) or M3 is a loop line of the Copenhagen Metro. It has been claimed by COWI A/S that the City Circle Line is the largest construction project to have taken place in Copenhagen during the last 400 years. The network's total length is and has 17 stations. The line opened on 29 September 2019. Plans for its construction were approved by the Danish Parliament on 1 June 2007. Preferred bidders were announced during November 2010. The total cost was estimated at 15 billion kroner but had risen to 21.3 billion kroner ($ billion) when the contractors were announced in late 2010. As proposed, it involved the construction of a underground circular route, a total of 17 stations, and emergency escape shafts, to support two new underground lines, designated as M3 and M4. The planned City Circle Line would connect into the Kongens Nytorv and Frederiksberg stations of the preexisting metro network. During the construction process, it was commonplace for geological sensors to be deployed in the general vicinity to monitor ground movements for the purpose of protecting buildings and other structures in the city.). That same year, various other works were finished, including the walls around all of the stations, and three of the shaft structures. Once the line is completed, 85 per cent of all homes, work places and educational facilities in Copenhagen's inner city area, as well as the surrounding neighbourhoods, shall be less than a ten minute walk from either a metro or train station. København H (Copenhagen Central Station, interchange with S trains, DSB and SJ)
Rådhuspladsen (City Hall Square)
Gammel Strand near Christiansborg Palace
Kongens Nytorv (interchange with M1 and M2)
Marmorkirken (The Marble Church)
Østerport (interchange with S trains and DSB)
Trianglen (close to the Parken Stadium)
Poul Henningsens Plads
Vibenshus Runddel
Skjolds Plads
Nørrebro (interchange with S trains)
Nørrebros Runddel
Nuuks Plads
Aksel Møllers Have
Frederiksberg (interchange with M1 and M2)
Frederiksberg Allé
Enghave Plads
While the stations have a similar structure to those of the current Metro, they have been designed with more varied materials and colors, making each individual station more recognisable.
Подвижной состав
Итальянский производитель подвижного состава AnsaldoBreda, который ранее поставлял поезда для существующей Копенгагенской подземки, был выбран поставщиком нового подвижного состава для этой линии. Эти поезда в целом идентичны тем, что эксплуатируются в Копенгагенской подземке, но отличаются рядом усовершенствований в технологиях, материалах и дизайне. Система работает 24 часа в сутки, а пассажиры могут отслеживать местоположение поезда на электронных табло.
Italian rolling stock manufacturer AnsaldoBreda, which had previously provided trains for the existing Copenhagen metro, was selected to supply new build rolling stock for the line. While these vehicles are broadly identical to the ones running on the Copenhagen metro, they feature several advancements in technology, materials and design. The system runs 24 hours per day, and passengers are able to keep track of the train location through an electronic display system.