Введение
Роман Октава Мирбо "Сад пыток" – роман французского журналиста, романиста и драматурга Октава Мирбо, впервые опубликованный в 1899 году во время дела Дрейфуса. Роман посвящен: "Священникам, солдатам, судьям – тем, кто воспитывает, обучает и управляет людьми, посвящаю я эти страницы, полные убийств и крови".
the novel
The Torture Garden is a novel written by the French journalist, novelist and playwright Octave Mirbeau, and was first published in 1899 during the Dreyfus affair. The novel is dedicated: "To the priests, the soldiers, the judges, to those people who educate, instruct and govern men, I dedicate these pages of Murder and Blood."
Краткое содержание сюжета
Роман Мирбо, опубликованный в разгар дела Дрейфуса, представляет собой вольную переработку текстов, созданных в разные эпохи, написанных в различных стилях и представляющих разных персонажей. Роман начинается с материалов, восходящих к статьям о «Законе об убийстве», обсуждаемым во «Фронтисписе» («Рукопись»), затем переходит к фарсовой критике французской политики в «В миссии» («Миссия»): помощника французского политика отправляют в псевдонаучную экспедицию в Китай, чтобы избежать компрометирующего его присутствия на родине. Далее следует описание посещения кантонской тюрьмы рассказчиком в сопровождении садистки и истерички Клары, которая получает удовольствие, наблюдая за снятием кожи, распятием и многочисленными пытками, проводимыми в ухоженных и благоустроенных садах, и объясняет своему спутнику эстетику пыток. В конечном итоге она достигает истерического оргазма и теряет сознание от изнеможения, чтобы повторить это через несколько дней.
Цитаты
Женщина обладает космической силой стихии, непобедимой разрушительной силой, подобной силе природы. Она сама по себе и есть вся природа! Будучи источником жизни, она по этой же причине является источником смерти, поскольку жизнь непрерывно возрождается из смерти, и поскольку уничтожение смерти означало бы уничтожение жизни в её единственном плодородном источнике. ~ "Рукопись"
To take something from a person and keep it for oneself: that is robbery. To take something from one person and then turn it over to another in exchange for as much money as you can get: that is business. Robbery is so much more stupid, since it is satisfied with a single, frequently dangerous profit; whereas in business it can be doubled without danger. ~"The Mission," Chapter 2
There is only one trait which is irreparable in a statesman: honesty! Honesty is negative and sterile; it is ignorant of the correct evaluation of appetite and ambition the only powers through which you can found anything durable. ~"The Mission," Chapter 3
You're obliged to pretend respect for people and institutions you think absurd. You live attached in a cowardly fashion to moral and social conventions you despise, condemn, and know lack all foundation. It is that permanent contradiction between your ideas and desires and all the dead formalities and vain pretenses of your civilization which makes you sad, troubled and unbalanced. In that intolerable conflict you lose all joy of life and all feeling of personality, because at every moment they suppress and restrain and check the free play of your powers. That's the poisoned and mortal wound of the civilized world. ~"The Mission," Chapter 8 (This passage is quoted in the liner notes of the 1994 Manic Street Preachers album The Holy Bible.) Alas, the gates of life never swing open except upon death, never open except upon the palaces and gardens of death. And the universe appears to me like an immense, inexorable torture garden. Blood everywhere and, where there is most life, horrible tormentors who dig your flesh, saw your bones, and retract your skin with sinister, joyful faces. ~"The Garden," Chapter 9
Ah, yes! the Torture Garden! Passions, appetites, greed, hatred, and lies; law, social institutions, justice, love, glory, heroism, and religion: these are its monstrous flowers and its hideous instruments of eternal human suffering. What I saw today, and what I heard, is no more than a symbol to me of the entire earth. I have vainly sought a respite in quietude and repose in death, and I can find them nowhere. ~"The Garden," Chapter 9
Забрать что-то у человека и оставить себе – это грабеж. Забрать что-то у одного человека и затем передать другому в обмен на максимально возможную сумму денег – это бизнес. Грабеж гораздо глупее, поскольку он удовлетворяется единой, часто рискованной выгодой, в то время как в бизнесе её можно удвоить без опасности. ~ "Миссия", глава 2
To take something from a person and keep it for oneself: that is robbery. To take something from one person and then turn it over to another in exchange for as much money as you can get: that is business. Robbery is so much more stupid, since it is satisfied with a single, frequently dangerous profit; whereas in business it can be doubled without danger. ~"The Mission," Chapter 2
There is only one trait which is irreparable in a statesman: honesty! Honesty is negative and sterile; it is ignorant of the correct evaluation of appetite and ambition the only powers through which you can found anything durable. ~"The Mission," Chapter 3
You're obliged to pretend respect for people and institutions you think absurd. You live attached in a cowardly fashion to moral and social conventions you despise, condemn, and know lack all foundation. It is that permanent contradiction between your ideas and desires and all the dead formalities and vain pretenses of your civilization which makes you sad, troubled and unbalanced. In that intolerable conflict you lose all joy of life and all feeling of personality, because at every moment they suppress and restrain and check the free play of your powers. That's the poisoned and mortal wound of the civilized world. ~"The Mission," Chapter 8 (This passage is quoted in the liner notes of the 1994 Manic Street Preachers album The Holy Bible.) Alas, the gates of life never swing open except upon death, never open except upon the palaces and gardens of death. And the universe appears to me like an immense, inexorable torture garden. Blood everywhere and, where there is most life, horrible tormentors who dig your flesh, saw your bones, and retract your skin with sinister, joyful faces. ~"The Garden," Chapter 9
Ah, yes! the Torture Garden! Passions, appetites, greed, hatred, and lies; law, social institutions, justice, love, glory, heroism, and religion: these are its monstrous flowers and its hideous instruments of eternal human suffering. What I saw today, and what I heard, is no more than a symbol to me of the entire earth. I have vainly sought a respite in quietude and repose in death, and I can find them nowhere. ~"The Garden," Chapter 9
В государственном деятеле есть лишь одна непоправимая черта: честность! Честность – это отрицание и бесплодие; она не знает правильной оценки страстей и амбиций – единственных сил, посредством которых можно создать что-то прочное. ~ "Миссия", глава 3
To take something from a person and keep it for oneself: that is robbery. To take something from one person and then turn it over to another in exchange for as much money as you can get: that is business. Robbery is so much more stupid, since it is satisfied with a single, frequently dangerous profit; whereas in business it can be doubled without danger. ~"The Mission," Chapter 2
There is only one trait which is irreparable in a statesman: honesty! Honesty is negative and sterile; it is ignorant of the correct evaluation of appetite and ambition the only powers through which you can found anything durable. ~"The Mission," Chapter 3
You're obliged to pretend respect for people and institutions you think absurd. You live attached in a cowardly fashion to moral and social conventions you despise, condemn, and know lack all foundation. It is that permanent contradiction between your ideas and desires and all the dead formalities and vain pretenses of your civilization which makes you sad, troubled and unbalanced. In that intolerable conflict you lose all joy of life and all feeling of personality, because at every moment they suppress and restrain and check the free play of your powers. That's the poisoned and mortal wound of the civilized world. ~"The Mission," Chapter 8 (This passage is quoted in the liner notes of the 1994 Manic Street Preachers album The Holy Bible.) Alas, the gates of life never swing open except upon death, never open except upon the palaces and gardens of death. And the universe appears to me like an immense, inexorable torture garden. Blood everywhere and, where there is most life, horrible tormentors who dig your flesh, saw your bones, and retract your skin with sinister, joyful faces. ~"The Garden," Chapter 9
Ah, yes! the Torture Garden! Passions, appetites, greed, hatred, and lies; law, social institutions, justice, love, glory, heroism, and religion: these are its monstrous flowers and its hideous instruments of eternal human suffering. What I saw today, and what I heard, is no more than a symbol to me of the entire earth. I have vainly sought a respite in quietude and repose in death, and I can find them nowhere. ~"The Garden," Chapter 9
Вы обязаны притворяться, что уважаете людей и институты, которые считаете абсурдными. Вы трусливо привязаны к моральным и социальным условностям, которые презираете, осуждаете и знаете, что они лишены всякого основания. Это постоянное противоречие между вашими идеями и желаниями и всеми мёртвыми формальностями и тщетными претензиями вашей цивилизации делает вас грустным, тревожным и неуравновешенным. В этом невыносимом конфликте вы теряете всякую радость жизни и ощущение собственной личности, потому что в каждый момент они подавляют, сдерживают и ограничивают свободное проявление ваших сил. Это отравленная и смертельная рана цивилизованного мира. ~ "Миссия", глава 8 (Этот отрывок цитируется в примечаниях к альбому Manic Street Preachers 1994 года "Святая Библия".)
To take something from a person and keep it for oneself: that is robbery. To take something from one person and then turn it over to another in exchange for as much money as you can get: that is business. Robbery is so much more stupid, since it is satisfied with a single, frequently dangerous profit; whereas in business it can be doubled without danger. ~"The Mission," Chapter 2
There is only one trait which is irreparable in a statesman: honesty! Honesty is negative and sterile; it is ignorant of the correct evaluation of appetite and ambition the only powers through which you can found anything durable. ~"The Mission," Chapter 3
You're obliged to pretend respect for people and institutions you think absurd. You live attached in a cowardly fashion to moral and social conventions you despise, condemn, and know lack all foundation. It is that permanent contradiction between your ideas and desires and all the dead formalities and vain pretenses of your civilization which makes you sad, troubled and unbalanced. In that intolerable conflict you lose all joy of life and all feeling of personality, because at every moment they suppress and restrain and check the free play of your powers. That's the poisoned and mortal wound of the civilized world. ~"The Mission," Chapter 8 (This passage is quoted in the liner notes of the 1994 Manic Street Preachers album The Holy Bible.) Alas, the gates of life never swing open except upon death, never open except upon the palaces and gardens of death. And the universe appears to me like an immense, inexorable torture garden. Blood everywhere and, where there is most life, horrible tormentors who dig your flesh, saw your bones, and retract your skin with sinister, joyful faces. ~"The Garden," Chapter 9
Ah, yes! the Torture Garden! Passions, appetites, greed, hatred, and lies; law, social institutions, justice, love, glory, heroism, and religion: these are its monstrous flowers and its hideous instruments of eternal human suffering. What I saw today, and what I heard, is no more than a symbol to me of the entire earth. I have vainly sought a respite in quietude and repose in death, and I can find them nowhere. ~"The Garden," Chapter 9
Увы, врата жизни никогда не открываются, кроме как через смерть, никогда – кроме как во дворцах и садах смерти. И вселенная представляется мне огромным, неумолимым садом пыток. Кровь повсюду, и там, где есть жизнь, ужасные мучители, которые копают вашу плоть, пилят ваши кости и сдирают вашу кожу со зловещими, ликующими лицами. ~ "Сад", глава 9
To take something from a person and keep it for oneself: that is robbery. To take something from one person and then turn it over to another in exchange for as much money as you can get: that is business. Robbery is so much more stupid, since it is satisfied with a single, frequently dangerous profit; whereas in business it can be doubled without danger. ~"The Mission," Chapter 2
There is only one trait which is irreparable in a statesman: honesty! Honesty is negative and sterile; it is ignorant of the correct evaluation of appetite and ambition the only powers through which you can found anything durable. ~"The Mission," Chapter 3
You're obliged to pretend respect for people and institutions you think absurd. You live attached in a cowardly fashion to moral and social conventions you despise, condemn, and know lack all foundation. It is that permanent contradiction between your ideas and desires and all the dead formalities and vain pretenses of your civilization which makes you sad, troubled and unbalanced. In that intolerable conflict you lose all joy of life and all feeling of personality, because at every moment they suppress and restrain and check the free play of your powers. That's the poisoned and mortal wound of the civilized world. ~"The Mission," Chapter 8 (This passage is quoted in the liner notes of the 1994 Manic Street Preachers album The Holy Bible.) Alas, the gates of life never swing open except upon death, never open except upon the palaces and gardens of death. And the universe appears to me like an immense, inexorable torture garden. Blood everywhere and, where there is most life, horrible tormentors who dig your flesh, saw your bones, and retract your skin with sinister, joyful faces. ~"The Garden," Chapter 9
Ah, yes! the Torture Garden! Passions, appetites, greed, hatred, and lies; law, social institutions, justice, love, glory, heroism, and religion: these are its monstrous flowers and its hideous instruments of eternal human suffering. What I saw today, and what I heard, is no more than a symbol to me of the entire earth. I have vainly sought a respite in quietude and repose in death, and I can find them nowhere. ~"The Garden," Chapter 9
Ах, да! Сад пыток! Страсти, похоть, жадность, ненависть и ложь; закон, социальные институты, справедливость, любовь, слава, героизм и религия – это его чудовищные цветы и его отвратительные орудия вечного человеческого страдания. То, что я увидел сегодня, и то, что я услышал, для меня не более чем символ всей Земли. Я тщетно искал утешения в тишине и покой в смерти, но нигде не могу их найти. ~ "Сад", глава 9
To take something from a person and keep it for oneself: that is robbery. To take something from one person and then turn it over to another in exchange for as much money as you can get: that is business. Robbery is so much more stupid, since it is satisfied with a single, frequently dangerous profit; whereas in business it can be doubled without danger. ~"The Mission," Chapter 2
There is only one trait which is irreparable in a statesman: honesty! Honesty is negative and sterile; it is ignorant of the correct evaluation of appetite and ambition the only powers through which you can found anything durable. ~"The Mission," Chapter 3
You're obliged to pretend respect for people and institutions you think absurd. You live attached in a cowardly fashion to moral and social conventions you despise, condemn, and know lack all foundation. It is that permanent contradiction between your ideas and desires and all the dead formalities and vain pretenses of your civilization which makes you sad, troubled and unbalanced. In that intolerable conflict you lose all joy of life and all feeling of personality, because at every moment they suppress and restrain and check the free play of your powers. That's the poisoned and mortal wound of the civilized world. ~"The Mission," Chapter 8 (This passage is quoted in the liner notes of the 1994 Manic Street Preachers album The Holy Bible.) Alas, the gates of life never swing open except upon death, never open except upon the palaces and gardens of death. And the universe appears to me like an immense, inexorable torture garden. Blood everywhere and, where there is most life, horrible tormentors who dig your flesh, saw your bones, and retract your skin with sinister, joyful faces. ~"The Garden," Chapter 9
Ah, yes! the Torture Garden! Passions, appetites, greed, hatred, and lies; law, social institutions, justice, love, glory, heroism, and religion: these are its monstrous flowers and its hideous instruments of eternal human suffering. What I saw today, and what I heard, is no more than a symbol to me of the entire earth. I have vainly sought a respite in quietude and repose in death, and I can find them nowhere. ~"The Garden," Chapter 9
Переводы
Первый испанский перевод, выполненный Рамоном Семпау и С. Сосом Гаутро, датируется 1900 годом (El Jardín de los suplicios, Барселона, Casa Editorial Maucci). Книга была переведена на английский язык и опубликована в 1903 году. Итальянский перевод "Сада мучений", осуществленный Десио Цинти, относится к 1917 году (Il Giardino dei supplizi, Милан, Sonzogno).
Кино адаптация
Фильм "Сад мучений" был выпущен в 1976 году; его режиссером был Кристиан Джион, сценарий написал французский ученый и романист Паскаль Ленэ, а в главных ролях снялись Роджер Ван Хул, Жаклин Керри, Тони Таффин, Жан Ружюль и Жан-Клод Каррьер. Во Франции фильм сохранил название Le Jardin des supplices; в Великобритании он вышел под названием The Garden of Torment. В январе 2021 года британский независимый лейбл Nucleus Films объявил о подготовке к выпуску фильма "Сад мучений" на Blu-ray в 2021 году. Британский фильм ужасов 1967 года "Сад пыток" не имеет отношения к роману Мирбо.
Другие адаптации
Название альбома Джона Зорна "Torture Garden" происходит от произведения "Le jardin des supplices".