Железнодорожный транспорт в Стране Басков (Испания)
Euskotren Trena
Euskotren Trena: поезда в Стране Басков (Испания). Пригородные, междугородние и городские маршруты, метро Сан-Себастьяна. Узкая колея, гос. управление.
Сравнивайте с английским: нажмите на абзац — оригинал откроется в окне. Кнопка EN под абзацем показывает его прямо в тексте.
Содержание
Введение
Железнодорожное сообщение в Стране Басков, Испания
Railway service in the Basque Country, Spain
the railway service
Euskotren Trena, ранее известная просто как Euskotren, – это компания, осуществляющая управление пригородным, междугородним и городским железнодорожным транспортом, обслуживающая местные и междугородные пассажирские перевозки в провинциях Бискайя и Гипускоа, в Стране Басков, Испания. Она является одним из четырех коммерческих брендов, под которыми работает Euskotren, как государственная компания, управляемая правительством Басков. Вся сеть использует железнодорожные пути узкой колеи (1000 мм), которые находятся в собственности правительства Басков с момента их передачи от правительства Испании; эти пути и станции ранее входили в сеть FEVE до момента передачи. Euskotren Trena также управляет метрополитеном в Доностия/Сан-Себастьяне под брендом Metro Donostialdea. Euskotren Trena осуществляет управление железнодорожным сообщением и сетями, в то время как Euskotren Tranbia управляет трамвайными сетями, Euskotren Autobusa – автобусными перевозками, а Euskotren Kargo – грузовыми железнодорожными перевозками. С 2006 года Euskotren Trena является коммерческим брендом оператора железнодорожной сети в Стране Басков, которым является Euskotren, а сама сеть принадлежит государственному органу Euskal Trenbide Sarea. В 2012 году коммерческий бренд был изменен с просто Euskotren на Euskotren Trena, с добавлением баскского слова "trena".
Euskotren Trena, formerly known just as Euskotren is a commuter, inter city and urban transit train operating company that operates local and inter city passenger services in the provinces of Biscay and Gipuzkoa, in the Basque Country, Spain. It is one of the four commercial brands under which Euskotren operates, as a public company managed by the Basque government. The entire network uses 1000 narrow gauge rail tracks which have been owned by the Basque Government since their transferral from the Spanish government; the rail tracks and stations were part of the FEVE network until its transferral. Euskotren Trena also operates the Donostia/San Sebastián metro under the brand Metro Donostialdea. Euskotren Trena operates the railway services and networks, while Euskotren Tranbia operates the tram networks, Euskotren Autobusa the bus services and Euskotren Kargo the freight rail services. Since 2006 Euskotren Trena has been the commercial brand for the operator of the railway network in the Basque Country, which is Euskotren, while the network itself is owned by the public entity Euskal Trenbide Sarea. In 2012 the commercial brand was changed from simply Euskotren to Euskotren Trena, adding the Basque word trena.
Услуги
Euskotren Trena обслуживается компанией Euskotren в железнодорожной сети, принадлежащей Euskal Trenbide Sarea, в баскских провинциях Бискайя и Гипускоа. Ранее обслуживание осуществлялось компаниями FEVE и Ferrocarriles y Transportes Suburbanos. Инфраструктура и сервис с тех пор были модернизированы до современной системы пригородных и региональных железнодорожных перевозок. В Бискайе сеть построена вокруг 3-й линии метро, которая обслуживается пригородными поездами, идущими за пределы линии метро. Эти поезда охватывают такие районы, как Txorierri, Busturialdea и Durangaldea, включая города Дерио, Лесама, Аморебиэта-Этсано, Герника, Бермео и Дуранго. В Гипускоа транспортная сеть сосредоточена в столичной зоне Сан-Себастьяна. Пригородная сеть там постепенно модернизируется до стандартов скоростного транспорта. Также есть поезда из Сан-Себастьяна в прибрежные города Зарауц, Сумайя и Деба, а также вглубь страны – в Эльгоибар, Эйбар и Эрмуа.
The Euskotren Trena service is operated by Euskotren in the railway network owned by Euskal Trenbide Sarea, in the Basque provinces of Biscay and Gipuzkoa. The immediate predecessors were operated by FEVE and Ferrocarriles y Transportes Suburbanos. The infrastructure and service have since been improved into a modern commuter/regional rail system. In Biscay, the network is structured around line 3 of the metro, which is fed by suburban trains traveling beyond the metro line. These trains serve areas such as Txorierri, Busturialdea and Durangaldea; including towns such as Derio, Lezama, Amorebieta Etxano, Gernika, Bermeo and Durango. In Gipuzkoa, traffic is centered in the San Sebastián metropolitan area. The suburban network there is being gradually improved to rapid transit standards. There are also trains from San Sebastián to the coastal towns of Zarautz, Zumaia and Deba; and further inland to Elgoibar, Eibar and Ermua.
Бывшие или закрытые линии
Отрезки линии Тхориерри. Железнодорожное сообщение на линии Txorierri между Каско-Вьехо и Деусто было приостановлено в мае 2010 года на три года из-за строительства линии 3 метро Бильбао. Закрытыми станциями являются Деусто, Униберситатеа, Матико и Сумалакарреги. Станция Лорури Сьюдад-Хардин, ранее закрытая, была открыта для обслуживания пассажиров закрытых станций. Линия Урола. Линия Урола, ранее обслуживавшаяся железной дорогой Урола, была закрыта Eusko Trenbideak в 1986 году после безуспешной попытки её реконструкции. Движение было заменено автобусным сообщением между муниципалитетами Сумайя и Сумаррага. Линия Бильбао-Пленсия. Линия Бильбао-Пленсия была самой загруженной на момент закрытия. Изначально линия соединяла центр Бильбао, начиная со станции Каско-Вьехо, с городом Пленсия и станцией Пленсия. Во время строительства линии 1 метро Бильбао было решено передать участок между Сан-Инасио и Пленсия под управление метро Бильбао как часть линии 1, вместо Euskotren. Станция Каско-Вьехо была соединена с линией Тхориерри, а станции Сьюдад-Хардин и Мальона были закрыты из-за их близости к станции Каско-Вьехо. Участок Деусто-Сан-Инасио был окончательно закрыт из-за строительства новой автомагистрали на месте железнодорожных путей. Линия Луксана-Сондика. Линия между Сондикой и Луксаной (в Эрандио), оба в районе Большого Бильбао, была закрыта в 1996 году после попытки возобновить пассажирское сообщение. Однако рельсы по-прежнему используются; Euskotren Trena использует их для испытаний нового подвижного состава.
Sections of the Txorierri line. The railway service on the Txorierri line between Casco Viejo and Deusto was suspended in May 2010 for a period of three years, because of the construction of Line 3 of Metro Bilbao. The closed stations are Deusto, Unibertsitatea, Matiko and Zumalakarregi. The Loruri Ciudad Jardín station, formerly closed, was open to provide a service to the users of the now closed stations. Urola line. The Urola line, formerly served by the Urola Railway, was closed by Eusko Trenbideak in 1986, after a futile attempt to renovate it. The service was replaced by a bus line between the municipalities of Zumaia and Zumarraga. Bilbao Plentzia line. Bilbao Plentzia was the line with the most users at the time of its closure. The original line connected downtown Bilbao, starting at Casco Viejo Station with the town of Plentzia, at Plentzia Station. During the construction of the Line 1 of Metro Bilbao, it was decided that the section between San Inazio and Plentzia would be managed by Metro Bilbao, as part of line 1, instead of Euskotren. The Casco Viejo Station was then connected to the Txorierri line, and the Ciudad Jardín and Mallona stations were closed (due their proximity to the station in Casco Viejo). The Deusto San Inazio section was eventually closed due to the construction of a new highway where the railway tracks were located. Lutxana Sondika line. The line between Sondika and Lutxana (in Erandio), both in the Greater Bilbao area was closed in 1996 after an attempt to re open it for passenger services. However, the tracks are still in use; Euskotren Trena uses it for testing new units.
Текущие операции
Euskotren, управляющая брендом Euskotren Trena, имеет свои центральные офисы на станции Бильбао Ачури, в районе Ибайондо города Бильбао. Оперативные центры расположены на нескольких станциях, включая станции Дуранго и Донностия-Сан-Себастьян. В настоящее время техническое обслуживание подвижного состава осуществляется на депо в Абадиньо, Гернике и Эррентерии. В Ируне ведется строительство новых депо.
Euskotren, which operates the Euskotren Trena brand has its central offices in the Bilbao Atxuri Station, in the district of Ibaiondo, in Bilbao. There are operations centres in several stations, including those of Durango and Donostia San Sebastián. Currently, the rolling stock is maintained at depots in Abadiño, Gernika and Errenteria. New depots are being built in Irun.
Билетная система
Euskotren Trena использует как обычные бумажные билеты, так и карту Barik, доступную только на некоторых линиях. Пользователи могут приобрести билеты в одну сторону и билеты туда и обратно в автоматах на каждой станции, а также месячные и годовые проездные. Молодежь и пожилые люди также могут приобрести специальные билеты. Карта Barik изначально была доступна только на линии Txorierri и станет доступна для использования на всех линиях после полной реализации системы. Тарифы на проезд определяются по зонам.
Euskotren Trena uses both regular paper tickets and the Barik card available only on some lines. Users can acquire single tickets and return tickets at the vending machines available at every station, and monthly and yearly travel cards are also available. Young people and elderly people also may acquire special tickets. The Barik travel ticket was initially only available on the Txorierri line, and it will be available for use on all lines once it is fully implemented. The ticket pricing is based on zone based rules.
Ливрея
Новый подвижной состав (поезда серий 900 и 950) окрашен в новую ливрею Euskotren Trena: белый цвет с черным контрастом и синими и оранжевыми кругами на дверях. Предыдущая ливрея (используемая с 2002 года) предусматривала окраску поездов в сплошной синий цвет с белым текстом.
The new rolling stock (900 and 950 series trains) is painted with the new Euskotren Trena livery, white with black contrast and blue and orange circles in the doors. The previous livery (used since 2002) had trains painted in solid blue, with white text.
Современные события
Развитие сети, обслуживаемой Euskotren, под коммерческим брендом Euskotren Trena, осуществляется компанией Euskal Trenbide Sarea, которая осуществляет контроль над железнодорожной сетью Страны Басков. Данное развитие не предусматривает расширения существующих линий или строительство новых (не предложенных или запланированных), а направлено на улучшение существующей сети, включая строительство новых станций, альтернативных маршрутов и добавление второго пути на участках, где имеется только один, а также ликвидацию или, по крайней мере, сокращение количества железнодорожных переездов.
The developments of the network operated by Euskotren, under the commercial brand of Euskotren Trena, are being conducted by Euskal Trenbide Sarea, which has control of the Basque railway network. The developments do not include any expansion of the lines or new lines (those not yet proposed or planned) but the improvements of the current network, with new stations, alternate routes and a second rail track in areas where there is only one, as well as the elimination, or at least reduction, of all the level crossings. Euba Iurreta section. The section between Euba, in Amorebieta Etxano and Iurreta is currently being upgraded to include a second track, in order to improve frequencies and eliminate ten level crossings. This development is part of the Durango+ project, which aims to improve the service and frequencies in the Durangaldea region. It was scheduled to be finished in 2013. Iurreta Durango Abadiño section. The section immediately after Euba Iurreta is the Iurreta Durango Abadiño section, which is being constructed underground, in order to eliminate the level crossings and tracks that go through Durango and Abadiño. Two new stations will emanate from this project: an underground station for Durango to replace the current overground one and the Fauste Landako station and a semi underground station for the neighbourhood of Matiena, in Abadiño (also replacing the current one). The Durango depot will be moved to new facilities in Lebario, Abadiño. It was expected to be finished in 2013. Abadiño Berriz section. The section between Abadiño and Berriz is being renewed in order to add a second rail track. This section includes the new depot and offices at Lebario, and a new train station in Berriz. Eibar Elgoibar section. The section between Eibar and Elgoibar is being completely renewed with:
A new station in Eibar, at a cost of €200,000 which replaces the whole station with the addition of lifts, removal of level crossings and the incorporation of new platforms. Txarakua Azitain section. The incorporation of a second rail track to improve frequency of trains. It was scheduled to be opened in late 2012.
Участок Эуба – Иуррета. В настоящее время проводится модернизация участка между Эубой, в муниципалитете Аморебиета-Эксано, и Иурретой, включающая добавление второго пути для увеличения частоты движения поездов и ликвидации десяти железнодорожных переездов. Данное развитие является частью проекта Durango+, направленного на улучшение обслуживания и увеличение частоты движения поездов в регионе Дурангальдеа. Завершение работ планировалось на 2013 год.
The developments of the network operated by Euskotren, under the commercial brand of Euskotren Trena, are being conducted by Euskal Trenbide Sarea, which has control of the Basque railway network. The developments do not include any expansion of the lines or new lines (those not yet proposed or planned) but the improvements of the current network, with new stations, alternate routes and a second rail track in areas where there is only one, as well as the elimination, or at least reduction, of all the level crossings. Euba Iurreta section. The section between Euba, in Amorebieta Etxano and Iurreta is currently being upgraded to include a second track, in order to improve frequencies and eliminate ten level crossings. This development is part of the Durango+ project, which aims to improve the service and frequencies in the Durangaldea region. It was scheduled to be finished in 2013. Iurreta Durango Abadiño section. The section immediately after Euba Iurreta is the Iurreta Durango Abadiño section, which is being constructed underground, in order to eliminate the level crossings and tracks that go through Durango and Abadiño. Two new stations will emanate from this project: an underground station for Durango to replace the current overground one and the Fauste Landako station and a semi underground station for the neighbourhood of Matiena, in Abadiño (also replacing the current one). The Durango depot will be moved to new facilities in Lebario, Abadiño. It was expected to be finished in 2013. Abadiño Berriz section. The section between Abadiño and Berriz is being renewed in order to add a second rail track. This section includes the new depot and offices at Lebario, and a new train station in Berriz. Eibar Elgoibar section. The section between Eibar and Elgoibar is being completely renewed with:
A new station in Eibar, at a cost of €200,000 which replaces the whole station with the addition of lifts, removal of level crossings and the incorporation of new platforms. Txarakua Azitain section. The incorporation of a second rail track to improve frequency of trains. It was scheduled to be opened in late 2012.
Участок Иуррета – Дуранго – Абадиньо. Участок, следующий непосредственно за Эуба – Иурретой, – это участок Иуррета – Дуранго – Абадиньо, который строится под землей для ликвидации железнодорожных переездов и путей, проходящих через Дуранго и Абадиньо. В рамках этого проекта будет построено две новые станции: подземная станция в Дуранго, заменяющая существующую наземную, станция Fauste Landako, и полуподземная станция в районе Матиена в Абадиньо (также заменяющая существующую). Депо Дуранго будет перенесено в новые помещения в Лебарио, Абадиньо. Завершение работ ожидалось в 2013 году.
The developments of the network operated by Euskotren, under the commercial brand of Euskotren Trena, are being conducted by Euskal Trenbide Sarea, which has control of the Basque railway network. The developments do not include any expansion of the lines or new lines (those not yet proposed or planned) but the improvements of the current network, with new stations, alternate routes and a second rail track in areas where there is only one, as well as the elimination, or at least reduction, of all the level crossings. Euba Iurreta section. The section between Euba, in Amorebieta Etxano and Iurreta is currently being upgraded to include a second track, in order to improve frequencies and eliminate ten level crossings. This development is part of the Durango+ project, which aims to improve the service and frequencies in the Durangaldea region. It was scheduled to be finished in 2013. Iurreta Durango Abadiño section. The section immediately after Euba Iurreta is the Iurreta Durango Abadiño section, which is being constructed underground, in order to eliminate the level crossings and tracks that go through Durango and Abadiño. Two new stations will emanate from this project: an underground station for Durango to replace the current overground one and the Fauste Landako station and a semi underground station for the neighbourhood of Matiena, in Abadiño (also replacing the current one). The Durango depot will be moved to new facilities in Lebario, Abadiño. It was expected to be finished in 2013. Abadiño Berriz section. The section between Abadiño and Berriz is being renewed in order to add a second rail track. This section includes the new depot and offices at Lebario, and a new train station in Berriz. Eibar Elgoibar section. The section between Eibar and Elgoibar is being completely renewed with:
A new station in Eibar, at a cost of €200,000 which replaces the whole station with the addition of lifts, removal of level crossings and the incorporation of new platforms. Txarakua Azitain section. The incorporation of a second rail track to improve frequency of trains. It was scheduled to be opened in late 2012.
Участок Абадиньо – Беррис. Участок между Абадиньо и Беррисом обновляется с добавлением второго железнодорожного пути. В этот участок входят новое депо и офисы в Лебарио, а также новый железнодорожный вокзал в Беррисе.
The developments of the network operated by Euskotren, under the commercial brand of Euskotren Trena, are being conducted by Euskal Trenbide Sarea, which has control of the Basque railway network. The developments do not include any expansion of the lines or new lines (those not yet proposed or planned) but the improvements of the current network, with new stations, alternate routes and a second rail track in areas where there is only one, as well as the elimination, or at least reduction, of all the level crossings. Euba Iurreta section. The section between Euba, in Amorebieta Etxano and Iurreta is currently being upgraded to include a second track, in order to improve frequencies and eliminate ten level crossings. This development is part of the Durango+ project, which aims to improve the service and frequencies in the Durangaldea region. It was scheduled to be finished in 2013. Iurreta Durango Abadiño section. The section immediately after Euba Iurreta is the Iurreta Durango Abadiño section, which is being constructed underground, in order to eliminate the level crossings and tracks that go through Durango and Abadiño. Two new stations will emanate from this project: an underground station for Durango to replace the current overground one and the Fauste Landako station and a semi underground station for the neighbourhood of Matiena, in Abadiño (also replacing the current one). The Durango depot will be moved to new facilities in Lebario, Abadiño. It was expected to be finished in 2013. Abadiño Berriz section. The section between Abadiño and Berriz is being renewed in order to add a second rail track. This section includes the new depot and offices at Lebario, and a new train station in Berriz. Eibar Elgoibar section. The section between Eibar and Elgoibar is being completely renewed with:
A new station in Eibar, at a cost of €200,000 which replaces the whole station with the addition of lifts, removal of level crossings and the incorporation of new platforms. Txarakua Azitain section. The incorporation of a second rail track to improve frequency of trains. It was scheduled to be opened in late 2012.
Участок Эйбар – Эльгойбар. Полная реконструкция участка между Эйбаром и Эльгойбаром, включающая: новую станцию в Эйбаре стоимостью 200 000 евро, которая заменит существующую станцию с добавлением лифтов, ликвидацией железнодорожных переездов и обустройством новых платформ.
The developments of the network operated by Euskotren, under the commercial brand of Euskotren Trena, are being conducted by Euskal Trenbide Sarea, which has control of the Basque railway network. The developments do not include any expansion of the lines or new lines (those not yet proposed or planned) but the improvements of the current network, with new stations, alternate routes and a second rail track in areas where there is only one, as well as the elimination, or at least reduction, of all the level crossings. Euba Iurreta section. The section between Euba, in Amorebieta Etxano and Iurreta is currently being upgraded to include a second track, in order to improve frequencies and eliminate ten level crossings. This development is part of the Durango+ project, which aims to improve the service and frequencies in the Durangaldea region. It was scheduled to be finished in 2013. Iurreta Durango Abadiño section. The section immediately after Euba Iurreta is the Iurreta Durango Abadiño section, which is being constructed underground, in order to eliminate the level crossings and tracks that go through Durango and Abadiño. Two new stations will emanate from this project: an underground station for Durango to replace the current overground one and the Fauste Landako station and a semi underground station for the neighbourhood of Matiena, in Abadiño (also replacing the current one). The Durango depot will be moved to new facilities in Lebario, Abadiño. It was expected to be finished in 2013. Abadiño Berriz section. The section between Abadiño and Berriz is being renewed in order to add a second rail track. This section includes the new depot and offices at Lebario, and a new train station in Berriz. Eibar Elgoibar section. The section between Eibar and Elgoibar is being completely renewed with:
A new station in Eibar, at a cost of €200,000 which replaces the whole station with the addition of lifts, removal of level crossings and the incorporation of new platforms. Txarakua Azitain section. The incorporation of a second rail track to improve frequency of trains. It was scheduled to be opened in late 2012.
Участок Тсаракуа – Азитайн. Добавление второго железнодорожного пути для увеличения частоты движения поездов. Открытие участка планировалось на конец 2012 года.
The developments of the network operated by Euskotren, under the commercial brand of Euskotren Trena, are being conducted by Euskal Trenbide Sarea, which has control of the Basque railway network. The developments do not include any expansion of the lines or new lines (those not yet proposed or planned) but the improvements of the current network, with new stations, alternate routes and a second rail track in areas where there is only one, as well as the elimination, or at least reduction, of all the level crossings. Euba Iurreta section. The section between Euba, in Amorebieta Etxano and Iurreta is currently being upgraded to include a second track, in order to improve frequencies and eliminate ten level crossings. This development is part of the Durango+ project, which aims to improve the service and frequencies in the Durangaldea region. It was scheduled to be finished in 2013. Iurreta Durango Abadiño section. The section immediately after Euba Iurreta is the Iurreta Durango Abadiño section, which is being constructed underground, in order to eliminate the level crossings and tracks that go through Durango and Abadiño. Two new stations will emanate from this project: an underground station for Durango to replace the current overground one and the Fauste Landako station and a semi underground station for the neighbourhood of Matiena, in Abadiño (also replacing the current one). The Durango depot will be moved to new facilities in Lebario, Abadiño. It was expected to be finished in 2013. Abadiño Berriz section. The section between Abadiño and Berriz is being renewed in order to add a second rail track. This section includes the new depot and offices at Lebario, and a new train station in Berriz. Eibar Elgoibar section. The section between Eibar and Elgoibar is being completely renewed with:
A new station in Eibar, at a cost of €200,000 which replaces the whole station with the addition of lifts, removal of level crossings and the incorporation of new platforms. Txarakua Azitain section. The incorporation of a second rail track to improve frequency of trains. It was scheduled to be opened in late 2012.