Введение
Лавандовый ям — бывший открытый медный рудник в округе Кочиз, штат Аризона, США, недалеко от города Бисби. Он расположен вблизи знаменитой шахты «Медная королева». Название «Лавандовый ям» было дано в честь Харрисона М. Лавандера (1890–1952), который, будучи вице-президентом и генеральным директором корпорации Phelps Dodge, разработал и реализовал план по превращению ранее нерентабельной низкосортной медной руды этого района в коммерческую медную руду.
The Lavender Pit is a former open pit copper mine near Bisbee in Cochise County, Arizona, United States. It is located near the famous Copper Queen Mine. The Lavender Pit was named in honor of
Harrison M. Lavender (1890–1952), who as Vice President and General Manager of Phelps Dodge Corporation, conceived and carried out this plan for making the previously unprofitable low grade copper bearing rock of the area into commercial copper ore.
Phelps Dodge Corporation opened the Lavender Pit in 1950, at the site of the earlier, higher grade Sacramento Hill mine. Production through 1974 totaled 86 million tons of ore averaging about 0.7% copper, or about 600,000 tons of copper produced, with gold and silver as byproducts. About 256 million tons of waste were stripped, but a portion of this was acid leached for additional copper. Turquoise was also a by product of this mining activity. Bisbee turquoise, also known as Bisbee Blue, is amongst the finest turquoise found anywhere in the world. Mining operations in the pit ended in 1974. The undeveloped Cochise deposit, located immediately north of the Lavender pit, contains an estimated 190 million tons of rock containing 0.4% acid soluble copper, which may be mined in the future. Because of the competent host rock, this pit has much steeper sides than other open pit copper mines in the southwest area. The pit covers an area of 300 acres (1.2 km2), and is 900 feet (274 m) deep. Large tonnages of dump rock are placed around Bisbee, notably north of the residential district of Warren and other parts of the southeastern Mule Mountains area.
Корпорация Phelps Dodge открыла «Лавандовый ям» в 1950 году на месте более ранней, более высокосортной шахты Sacramento Hill. За период до 1974 года было добыто 86 миллионов тонн руды со средним содержанием меди около 0,7%, что составляет примерно 600 000 тонн меди, а также золото и серебро в качестве побочных продуктов. Было извлечено около 256 миллионов тонн пустой породы, часть которой подверглась кислотному выщелачиванию для извлечения дополнительной меди. Туркоаз также являлся побочным продуктом этой горнодобывающей деятельности. Бисби-туркоаз, также известный как «Бисби-блю», считается одним из лучших в мире. Добыча в «Лавандовом яме» была прекращена в 1974 году. Неразработанное месторождение Кочиз, расположенное непосредственно к северу от «Лавандового яма», по оценкам, содержит 190 миллионов тонн породы с содержанием 0,4% кислоторастворимой меди, которую можно будет добывать в будущем. Благодаря прочности вмещающих пород, этот карьер имеет более крутые склоны, чем другие открытые медные рудники в юго-западном регионе. Площадь карьера составляет 1,2 км², а глубина — 274 метра. Значительные объемы вскрышных пород размещены вокруг Бисби, особенно к северу от жилого района Уоррен и в других частях юго-восточной части гор Муль.
The Lavender Pit is a former open pit copper mine near Bisbee in Cochise County, Arizona, United States. It is located near the famous Copper Queen Mine. The Lavender Pit was named in honor of
Harrison M. Lavender (1890–1952), who as Vice President and General Manager of Phelps Dodge Corporation, conceived and carried out this plan for making the previously unprofitable low grade copper bearing rock of the area into commercial copper ore.
Phelps Dodge Corporation opened the Lavender Pit in 1950, at the site of the earlier, higher grade Sacramento Hill mine. Production through 1974 totaled 86 million tons of ore averaging about 0.7% copper, or about 600,000 tons of copper produced, with gold and silver as byproducts. About 256 million tons of waste were stripped, but a portion of this was acid leached for additional copper. Turquoise was also a by product of this mining activity. Bisbee turquoise, also known as Bisbee Blue, is amongst the finest turquoise found anywhere in the world. Mining operations in the pit ended in 1974. The undeveloped Cochise deposit, located immediately north of the Lavender pit, contains an estimated 190 million tons of rock containing 0.4% acid soluble copper, which may be mined in the future. Because of the competent host rock, this pit has much steeper sides than other open pit copper mines in the southwest area. The pit covers an area of 300 acres (1.2 km2), and is 900 feet (274 m) deep. Large tonnages of dump rock are placed around Bisbee, notably north of the residential district of Warren and other parts of the southeastern Mule Mountains area.
География
Шахта расположена на отметке 4941 фут (1506 м) над уровнем моря.