Трасса 45 США: От озера Верхнее до Мексиканского залива

Highway in the United States

U. S. Route 45 (US 45) is a major north south United States highway and a border to border route, from Lake Superior to the Gulf of Mexico. A sign at the highway's northern terminus notes the total distance as 1297 mile (2087 km). US 45 is notable for incorporating, in its maiden alignment, the first paved road in the South, a 49 mile (79 km) segment in Lee County, Mississippi. Let to contract in July 1914, the concrete highway opened on November 15, 1915. As of 2006, the highway's northern terminus is in Ontonagon, Michigan, at the corner of Ontonagon and River Streets, a few blocks from Lake Superior (M 64 formerly terminated there as well until its rerouting in October 2006 to use the newly built Ontonagon River Bridge). US 45's southern terminus is in Mobile, Alabama, at an intersection with U. S. Route 98.

US 45 is concurrent with unsigned SR 17 between Mobile and Vinegar Bend, just north of Deer Park, in Washington County, Alabama. From Vinegar Bend to the Mississippi state line, US 45 is concurrent with unsigned SR 57.

U. S. Highway 45 is part of a designated hurricane evacuation route in Mississippi. It is entirely four laned from its point of entry from Alabama, at the town of State Line, to the Tennessee line just north of Corinth, along the way serving the towns of (from south to north) Waynesboro, Meridian, Columbus and Tupelo. U. S. 45 is a freeway in the vicinity of Meridian, from Shannon to Saltillo, and from south of Corinth to the Tennessee state line. At Brooksville, U. S. 45 splits away from U. S. 45 Alternate and serves the towns of Columbus and Aberdeen before rejoining U. S. 45 Alternate south of Tupelo. The alternate roadway provides a more direct and entirely four laned route between Meridian and Tupelo, bypassing Columbus to the west and, more closely, Starkville to the east. Major junctions of U. S. 45 in Mississippi include U. S. Route 84 at Waynesboro, Interstate 20/59 at Meridian, U. S. Route 82 at Columbus, Interstate 22/U. S. Route 78 at Tupelo and U. S. Route 72 at Corinth. Each of these junctions is an interchange and, with the exception of Columbus and Waynesboro, each is part of a freeway segment. The Mississippi section of U. S. 45 is defined at Mississippi Code Annotated § 65 3 3.

U. S. 45 enters Kentucky at Fulton then northeast past Mayfield then heads directly north into Paducah as a four lane highway. In Paducah, U. S. 45 serves as a major artery, intersecting with Interstate 24 at exit 7, and intersecting US 60 and 62. U. S. 45 leaves Kentucky from Paducah's northern border across the two lane, metal grate Brookport Bridge to Brookport, Illinois across the Ohio River.

In the state of Illinois, U. S. 45 runs from a bridge across the Ohio River from Paducah, Kentucky, through Shawnee National Forest and north to the Wisconsin border east of Antioch, Illinois. With a length of 428.99 mile (690 km) in Illinois, U. S. 45 is the longest numbered route in Illinois. In its progress north from the Ohio River U. S. 45 first joins Interstate 24 as far as Vienna then heads northeast through Harrisburg and Eldorado in Saline County and north through Fairfield, Flora, Effingham, Mattoon, Champaign, Urbana, Gilman and Kankakee, then straight north through the western suburbs of Chicago in Will County, Cook County and Lake County to the Wisconsin border.

U. S. 45 enters the state in southeast Wisconsin. It runs concurrent with Interstate 894 and U. S. Route 41 through the west side of metro Milwaukee to form a major artery through the metropolitan area. It runs north to Fond du Lac. The highway routes near the western shore of Lake Winnebago through Oshkosh, Wisconsin. U. S. 45 then travels north through Wittenberg, Antigo, and Eagle River, as well as the state and national forests, until it leaves the state at Land O' Lakes and enters Michigan.

US 45 enters Michigan south of Watersmeet. From there, the highway crosses the Western Upper Peninsula through the Ottawa National Forest running north to Ontonagon. US 45 ends just south of Lake Superior in downtown Ontonagon. The terminus was not changed in 2006 despite realignment then of M 38 and M 64 from the terminus to a crossing 0.7 mile (1 km) south.

Until March 1935, US 45's northern terminus was at US 12 in Des Plaines, Illinois near Chicago. Prior to the construction of the Interstate Highway system, US 45 was one of the main routes south out of Chicago toward New Orleans. Much of the traffic left US 45 at Effingham, Illinois, continuing on through Cairo, Illinois along Illinois Route 37.

In 2023, an effort began to improve US 45 in Tupelo, Mississippi. A $112 million plan to straighten US 45 at McCullough Boulevard, Hilda Avenue and Front Street in a series of interchanges to solve congestion and safety issues in this area. In additions to these improvements, Mississippi Senator Roger Wicker requested $5 million for the 2023 fiscal year to fund preconstruction activities that would upgrade US 45 to interstate standards between Tupelo and Shannon, Mississippi. The potential interstate spur, which would be an auxiliary route of I 22, is currently listed as High Priority Corridor 95.