Калифорнияның SR 99 тас жолының тарихы мен атаулары

State highway in California, United States

From its southern terminus at I 5 in Wheeler Ridge (Wheeler Ridge Interchange) to Sacramento, SR 99 is designated as the Golden State Highway. The portion between Salida and Manteca is designated the 442nd Regimental Combat Team Memorial Highway, honoring the US Army infantry regiment that, like the 100th Infantry Battalion, was also composed almost entirely of American soldiers of Japanese ancestry during World War II. included a north–south highway through the central part of the state consisting of Route 3 through the Sacramento Valley from the Oregon state line south to Sacramento, replacing the Siskiyou Trail, and Route 4 through the San Joaquin Valley from Sacramento to Los Angeles. In addition, a second route followed the west side of the Sacramento Valley, using Route 7 from Red Bluff south to Davis and the short Route 8 east along the proposed Yolo Causeway to Sacramento. North of Bakersfield these closely paralleled some of the main lines of the Southern Pacific Railroad, including the Fresno Line, East and West Valley lines, Shasta Line and Siskiyou Line. By 1920 paving of both routes from Red Bluff to Los Angeles was completed or in progress, including the only mountain crossing south of Red Bluff, the Ridge Route just north of Los Angeles. To the north of Red Bluff, the road was being graded but had not yet been paved over the Siskiyou Mountains into Oregon. Paving was finally completed in mid 1933, when a new alignment (now SR 263) opened through the Shasta River Canyon. The route from Davis to Oregon via Routes 7 and 3 came to be known as part of the Pacific Highway, an auto trail organized in 1910 to connect Canada and Mexico. The split in the Sacramento Valley was known as the East and West Side highways (the latter also carrying the Pacific Highway). South of Sacramento Route 4 was the Valley Route, but the San Joaquin Valley Tourist and Travel Association held a contest to rename it, selecting Golden State Highway as the winning entry in July 1927. To this day, "Golden State Highway" is SR 99's default name in areas not given other names by the Legislature, and the name continues from its end at Wheeler Ridge on I 5 as the Golden State Freeway from there to downtown Los Angeles. though signs were not posted in California until 1928. US 99 also continued southeast from Los Angeles along a paved state highway, Route 9 and 26, to US 80 in El Centro. The paved county road south from El Centro to the Mexican border became a state highway in mid 1931, and part of US 99 in mid 1932. In mid 1929, AASHO approved a split designation between Sacramento and Red Bluff, with US 99W replacing the original western route via Davis, and US 99E following the East Side Highway (Route 3) via Roseville. A short lived split also existed between Manteca and Stockton in the early 1930s, with US 99E becoming the main route and US 99W becoming an extended SR 120 where not concurrent with US 50. A third highway heading north from Sacramento was constructed by the Natomas Company in the 1910s for 13 mile (21 km) along the Sacramento River levee to provide access to land reclaimed and sold by the company. Sacramento and Sutter counties continued the road alongside the Sacramento River and Feather River to Nicolaus, where an existing county road crossed the river on a drawbridge and ran north to the East Side Highway at Yuba City. This continuous roadway between Sacramento and Yuba City was dedicated in October 1924 as the Garden Highway. Parts of the present SR 99 alignment between Sacramento and Yuba City were added to the state highway system in 1933, when the legislature added Route 87 (Sign Route 24, later US 40 Alternate) from Woodland north past Yuba City to northwest of Oroville, and in 1949, with the creation of Route 232 (later Sign Route 24) between Sacramento and Marysville. The final piece became Route 245 (no signed number) in 1959, connecting Route 232 near Catlett with Route 87 near Tudor, and following the old Garden Highway across the Feather River to a point east of Tudor. Despite this combined route connecting the same cities as the Garden Highway, the only other piece of the old county road taken for the state highway was a short segment just north of Sacramento, carrying Route 232 between Jibboom Street and El Centro Road.

When the Interstate Highway System was being planned in the 1950s, there were two proposals as to which way to route a freeway through the San Joaquin Valley. One was to upgrade US 99 to Interstate standards. The other proposed alternative was the West Side Freeway, which would bypass all the Central Valley communities and thus provide a faster and more direct north–south route through the state. The latter route was eventually chosen and ultimately became Interstate 5. The implementation of the Interstate Highway System and the mid 1964 state highway renumbering ultimately sealed the fate of the U. S. Highway designation on US 99. The Interstates eventually replaced portions of US 99, causing it to be truncated at both of its ends. US 99 was truncated to Los Angeles, with the old route south to Mexico becoming mainly I 10 and SR 86. At the same time Route 99 was defined legislatively to run from I 5 near Wheeler Ridge to Red Bluff, but it was only marked as SR 99 between Sacramento and Yuba City, since the remainder was still US 99 or US 99E. Several years later US 99 and its branches were removed altogether from California, making SR 99 signage match the legislative definition; all of US 99W, and US 99 north of Red Bluff, remained as other routes (I 80, SR 113, and I 5), while US 99E between Roseville and Marysville became SR 65. By 1968, all US 99 signs were removed or replaced with SR 99 signs following the completion of I 5. During the 20th century, Caltrans gradually widened Route 99 into a four lane expressway for the length of the entire segment from Wheeler Ridge to Sacramento. The agency did not immediately upgrade Route 99 to a freeway, since the West Side Freeway had already been selected as the preferred alternative for north–south long distance traffic. As traffic levels along the Route 99 corridor continued to increase, the at grade intersections on the expressway became extremely dangerous. Drivers on cross streets who needed to cross the expressway often had to wait for many minutes at those intersections to find suitable gaps in which to dart across heavy through traffic on Route 99 moving at near freeway speeds. If drivers became impatient or mistimed the speed of through traffic, the result was often a dangerous side collision. Therefore, Caltrans upgraded or replaced those intersections one by one with freeway interchanges, and often added frontage roads for access to adjacent parcels. This work proceeded very slowly over several decades, as Caltrans needed to balance the rising level of danger at the rural intersections on Route 99 with other urgent construction priorities in California's rapidly growing metropolitan areas. By 2012, there was only one remaining expressway segment with at grade intersections on Route 99 between Sacramento and Wheeler Ridge, in Merced County between the cities of Chowchilla and Atwater. On December 11, 2012, Caltrans commenced construction on a project to upgrade that segment to a six lane freeway with full access control. On January 15, 2016, Caltrans officially opened the Plainsburg Road interchange, which completed the conversion of Route 99 south of Sacramento to a freeway built to near interstate standards.

Caltrans' long range plans recommend that SR 99 be upgraded to Interstate Highway standards between its southern end and Sacramento, which would require upgrading some substandard sections. Caltrans once suggested the route could be designated as either I 7 or I 9, in accordance with the Interstate Highway System's numbering standards (being just east of and parallel to I 5). However, the freeway is not currently part of the Interstate Highway system.

State Route 99 Business (SR 99 Bus.) in the city of Bakersfield follows Union Avenue and Golden State Avenue. Traveling north on SR 99, the business route begins at exit 11 (Union Avenue), and follows the original routing of US 99. Union Avenue is a rural, four lane road for about 6 mile (10 km) until it enters Greenfield at Panama Road. From there, it continues north, passing by the Bakersfield Municipal Airport and the Kern County Fairgrounds. Union Avenue widens to six lanes at Ming Avenue, just a few miles before its intersection with SR 58. At the SR 58 junction, the designation SR 204 is added to the route. SR 99 Bus./SR 204 continues north on Union Avenue until the Union Avenue Y intersection, where the designation heads northwest on Golden State Avenue. The route passes under SR 178 and over Chester Avenue at Garces Memorial Circle. At F Street, SR 99 Bus./SR 204 becomes a short four lane freeway that terminates at SR 99 just before the Olive Drive exit.