Ағылшын тіліндегі парсы сөздерінің тарихы

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This article will be concerned with loanwords, that is, words in English that derive from Persian, either directly, or more often, from one or more intermediary languages. Many words of Persian origin have made their way into the English language through different, often circuitous, routes. Some of them, such as "paradise", date to cultural contacts between the Persian people and the ancient Greeks or Romans and through Greek and Latin found their way to English. Persian as the second important language of Islam has influenced many languages in the Muslim world such as Arabic and Turkish, and its words have found their way beyond that region. Iran (Persia) remained largely impenetrable to English speaking travelers well into the 19th century. Iran was protected from Europe by overland trade routes that passed through territory inhospitable to foreigners, while trade at Iranian ports in the Persian Gulf was in the hands of locals. In contrast, intrepid English traders operated in Mediterranean seaports of the Levant from the 1570s, and some vocabulary describing features of Ottoman culture found their way into the English language. Thus many words in the list below, though originally from Persian, arrived in English through the intermediary of Ottoman Turkish language. Many Persian words also came into English through Urdu during British colonialism. Persian was the language of the Mughal court before British rule in India even though locals in North India spoke Hindustani. Other words of Persian origin found their way into European languages—and eventually reached English at second hand—through the Moorish Christian cultural interface in the Iberian peninsula during the Middle Ages thus being transmitted through Arabic.

Halalcor Hindi हलालखोर halalkhor, from Persian, from Arabic حلال halal + Persian خور khor eating. a person in Iran and India to whom any food is lawful. :
Hash Comes from "Hashish" (حشیش) that means "weed derived drugs" in Persian. Havildar Hindi हवालदार hawaldar, from Arabic حول 'hawala' charge + Persian در 'dar' having. a noncommissioned officer in the Indian army corresponding to a sergeant. Hyleg modification of Persian حلاج hailaj 'material body'. The astrological position of the planets at the time of birth
Hindi from Persian Hindu, derived from सिन्धु Sindhu, the Sanskrit name for the Indus River. literary language of northern India usually written in the Devanagari alphabet and one of the official languages of the Republic of India. Hindu from medieval Persian word هندو Hindu (mod. هندی Hendi), from ancient Avestan hendava ultimately from Sanskrit सैन्धव saindhava. "Indian"
Hindustan Hindi हिंदुस्तान Hindustan, from Persian هندوستان Hindustan (mod. هندوستان Hendustan) India. Hircarrah Persian هارکارا harkara, from har every, all (from Old Persian haruva ) + kaar work, deed, from Middle Persian, from Old Persian kar to do, make. Homa hom from Persian هم hom, from Avestan haoma. a stylized tree pattern originating in Mesopotamia as a symbol of the tree of life and used especially in Persian textiles.

Lac Persian لک lak and Hindi लाख lakh. Resinous substance secreted by the lac insect and used chiefly in the form of shellac. Any of various plant or animal substances that yield hard coatings resembling lac and shellac. Lamasery French lamaserie, from lama + serie (from Persian سرای sarāi palace, large house). Larin Etymology: Persian لاری lārī. a piece of silver wire doubled over and sometimes twisted into the form of a fishhook that was formerly used as money in parts of Asia. LascarUrdu lashkarī < Pers, equiv. to لاسخار lashkar army + ī suffix of appurtenance]. an East Indian sailor. Anglo Indian. an artilleryman. Lasque Etymology: perhaps from Persian لاشک lashk bit, piece. a flat thin diamond usually cut from an inferior stone and used especially in Hindu work. Lemon Origin: 1350–1400; 1905–10 for def. 4; < ML lemōnium; r. ME lymon < ML līmō, (s. līmōn ) < Pers لیمو، لیمون līmū, the yellowish, acid fruit of a subtropical citrus tree, Citrus limon. According to www. dictionary. com: Although we know neither where the lemon was first grown nor when it first came to Europe, we know from its name that it came to us from the Middle East because we can trace its etymological path. One of the earliest occurrences of our word is found in a Middle English customs document of 1420–1421. The Middle English word limon goes back to Old French limon, showing that yet another delicacy passed into England through France. The Old French word probably came from Italian limone, another step on the route that leads back to the Arabic word ليمون، ليمون laymūn or līmūn, which comes from the Persian word لیمو līmū. Lilac from Pers. لیلک lilak, variant of نیلک nilak "bluish," from नील nil "indigo"
Lungī Hindi लुंगी lungī, from Persian. a usually cotton cloth used especially in India, Bangladesh, Pakistan, and Burma for articles of clothing (as sarongs, skirts, and turbans). Laari Etymology: probably from Divehi (Indo Aryan language of the Maldive Islands) ލާރި, from Persian ا lr piece of silver wire used as currency, from Lārī, town in S Persia where the currency was first minted. a Maldivian monetary unit equal to 1/100 rufiyaa. a coin representing one laari.

Orange from Milanese narans (from Old French orenge, Italian arancia, and Spanish naranja), from Medieval Latin pomum de orange, in Arabic نارنج nāranj, from Persian نارنگ nārange, from Sanskrit नारङ्ग nāraṅga, from Tamil narrankai, the "pungent fruit": Orange (the color) comes from "nāranjy" in Persian that means "colored like nārange" and the tangerine fruit is called nārangy (نارنگی).

Xerxes Gk. form (Ξέρξης) of O. Pers. 𐎧𐏁𐎹𐎠𐎼𐏁𐎠𐎠 Kshayarshan , lit. "male (i. e. 'hero') among kings," from Kshaya "king" (cf. shah) + arshan "male, man."

Yarak Etymology: From Persian یارِگی yaraki power, strength. good flying condition: FETTLE – used of a hawk or other bird used in hunting eagles are difficult to get into yarak – Douglas Carruthers. Yasht Modern Persian یشت from Avesta. Avestan yashtay adoration. one of the hymns to angels or lesser divinities forming part of the Avesta. Yuft Etymology: Russian Йуфт, Йухт yuft', yukht', perhaps from Persian جفت juft pair.