Ибн Хишам: ғалым, тарихшы және тіл білгісі

the grammarian
Muslim scholar and historian (died 833)

Abu Muhammad Abd al Malik ibn Hisham ibn Ayyub al Himyari (أَبُو مُحَمَّدٌ عَبْدِ الْمَلِكِ بْنُ هِشَامٍ بْنُ أَيُّوبَ الْحِمْيَرِيِّ; died 7 May 833), known simply as Ibn Hisham, was a 9th century Muslim historian and scholar who is known for editing the biography of Islamic prophet Muhammad written by Ibn Ishaq. He grew up in Basra, in modern day Iraq and later moved to Egypt.

Ibn Hisham has been said to have grown up in Basra and moved afterwards to Egypt. His family was native to Basra but he himself was born in Old Cairo. He gained a name as a grammarian and student of language and history in Egypt. His family was of Himyarite origin and belongs to Banu Ma‘afir tribe of Yemen.

As Sīrah an Nabawiyyah (السيرة النبوية), 'The Life of the Prophet'; is an edited recension of Ibn Isḥāq's classic Sīratu Rasūli l Lāh (سيرة رسول الله) 'The Life of God's Messenger'. Ibn Isḥāq's now lost work survives only in Ibn Hishām's and al Tabari's recensions, although fragments of several others survive,

Ibn Hishām explains in the preface of the work, the criteria by which he made his choice from the original work of Ibn Isḥāq in the tradition of his disciple Ziyād al Baqqāʾi (d. 799). Accordingly, Ibn Hishām omits stories from Al Sīrah that contain no mention of Muḥammad, Al Tabari includes controversial episodes of the Satanic Verses including an apocryphal story about Muḥammad's attempted suicide. Ibn Hishām gives more accurate versions of the poems he includes and supplies explanations of difficult terms and phrases of the Arabic language, additions of genealogical content to certain proper names, and brief descriptions of the places mentioned in Al Sīrah. Ibn Hishām appends his notes to the corresponding passages of the original text with the words: "qāla Ibn Hishām" (Ibn Hishām says).

Later Ibn Hishām's As Sira would chiefly be transmitted by his pupil, Ibn al Barqī. The German orientalist Gernot Rotter produced an abridged (about one third) German translation of The life of the Prophet. As Sīra An Nabawīya. (Spohr, Kandern in the Black Forest 1999). An English translation by the British orientalist Alfred Guillaume: The Life of Muhammad. A translation of Ishaq's Sirat Rasul Allah. (1955); 11th edition. (Oxford University Press, Karachi 1996).

Ibn Hisham also known as the author of the commentaries of The Book of Crowns on the Kings of Himyar. Ibn Hisham reported that he acquired the book narrative from 'Abd al mun'im idris. Ibn Hisham, who authored the commentaries of this book, also gave his own analysis that the Yemen region name were given from their primordial founder, Ya'rub(son of Qahtan), who also known by his other name, "Yaman".

Al falah foundation. Cairo, Egypt. online link

Kitab al Tijan li ma'rifati muluk al zamān fi akhbar Qahtān (كتاب التيجان لمعرفة ملوك الزمان في أخبار قحطان) 'The Book of Crowns, on the kings of yesteryear in the accounts of the Qahtān' (in Arabic); a genealogical work with historico legendary accounts of the southern Arabs and their monuments in pre Islamic times.