1955 жылғы Формула-1 маусымы

9th season of FIA's Formula One motor racing

The 1955 Formula One season was the ninth season of FIA Formula One motor racing. It featured the 1955 World Championship of Drivers, which commenced on 16 January 1955 and ended on 11 September after seven races. Juan Manuel Fangio won his second consecutive World Championship title in a season curtailed by tragedies. The season also included several non championship Formula One races. This was the last championship for Mercedes until 2014.

The following teams and drivers competed in the 1955 FIA World Championship. Entrant Constructor Chassis Engine Tyre Driver Rounds Daimler Benz AG Mercedes W196 Mercedes M196 2.5 L8 Juan Manuel Fangio 1–2, 4–7 Karl Kling 1, 4–7 Stirling Moss 1–2, 4–7 Hans Herrmann 1–2 André Simon 2 Piero Taruffi 6–7 Scuderia Ferrari Ferrari 625555 Ferrari 555 2.5 L4 Umberto Maglioli 1, 7 José Froilán González 1 Maurice Trintignant 1–2, 4–7 Harry Schell 2, 4 Piero Taruffi 2, 4 Paul Frère 2, 4 Mike Hawthorn 5–7 Eugenio Castellotti 5–7 Giuseppe Farina 1–2, 4 Lancia D50 Lancia DS50 2.5 V8 7 Officine Alfieri Maserati Maserati 250F Maserati 250F1 2.5 L6 Jean Behra 1–2, 4–7 Roberto Mieres 1–2, 4–7 Sergio Mantovani 1 Luigi Musso 1–2, 4–7 Carlos Menditeguy 1, 7 Clemar Bucci 1 Harry Schell 1 Cesare Perdisa 2, 4 André Simon 6 Peter Collins 7 Horace Gould 7 Alberto Uria Maserati A6GCM Maserati 250F1 2.5 L6 Alberto Uria 1 Scuderia Lancia Lancia D50 Lancia DS50 2.5 V8 Alberto Ascari 1–2 Luigi Villoresi 1–2, 7 Eugenio Castellotti 1–2, 4 Louis Chiron 2 Equipe Gordini Gordini T16 Gordini 23 2.5 L6 Élie Bayol 1–2 Pablo Birger 1 Jesús Iglesias 1 Robert Manzon 2, 5–6 Jacques Pollet 2, 5, 7 Hermano da Silva Ramos 5–7 Mike Sparken 6 Jean Lucas 7 Ecurie Rosier Maserati 250F Maserati 250F1 2.5 L6 Louis Rosier 2, 4–5 Vandervell Products Vanwall VW 55 Vanwall 254 2.5 L4 Mike Hawthorn 2, 4 Ken Wharton 6–7 Harry Schell 6–7 Stirling Moss Ltd Maserati 250F Maserati 250F1 2.5 L6 Lance Macklin 2, 6 Johnny Claes 4 Peter Walker 5 John Fitch 7 E. N. Whiteaway HWM Alta 53 Alta GP 2.5 L4 Ted Whiteaway 2 Equipe Nationale Belge Ferrari 625 Ferrari 625 2.5 L4 Johnny Claes 5 Gould's Garage (Bristol) Maserati 250F Maserati 250F1 2.5 L6 Horace Gould 5–6 Connaught Engineering Connaught Alta B Alta GP 2.5 L4 Kenneth McAlpine 6 Jack Fairman 6 R. R. C. Walker Racing Team Connaught Alta B Alta GP 2.5 L4 Tony Rolt 6 Peter Walker 6 Leslie Marr Connaught Alta B Alta GP 2.5 L4 Leslie Marr 6 Cooper Car Company Cooper Bristol T40 Bristol BS1 2.0 L6 Jack Brabham 6 Owen Racing Organisation Maserati 250F Maserati 250F1 2.5 L6 Peter Collins 6 Gilby Engineering Maserati 250F Maserati 250F1 2.5 L6 Roy Salvadori 6 Scuderia Volpini Arzani Volpini Maserati F1 Maserati 4CLT 2.5 L4 Luigi Piotti 7

Mercedes drivers again dominated the championship, with Fangio taking four races and his new teammate Stirling Moss winning the British Grand Prix. Ferrari won at Monaco after all of the Mercedes cars broke down and Lancia driver Alberto Ascari crashed into the harbour. Although Ascari was apparently unscathed, the double World Champion crashed fatally at Monza while testing sportscars four days later. The disaster at the 24 Hours of Le Mans on 11 June, which killed Pierre Levegh and over 80 spectators, led to the cancellations of the French, German, Spanish, and Swiss Grands Prix. The French round, which was supposed to be held at Reims between the Dutch and British rounds, on 3 July, was first rescheduled to 25 September and subsequently cancelled. Then the German event, scheduled for 31 July at the Nürburgring, the Swiss round at Bremgarten, planned to take place on 21 August, and the Spanish round on 23 October at Pedralbes, followed suit. Pedralbes and Bremgarten were then abandoned and never used again for racing; motor racing was banned altogether in Switzerland, and no circuit race was held in Switzerland until the 2018 Zürich ePrix. These cancellations effectively handed the Drivers' title to Fangio after he finished 2nd to Moss at the British Grand Prix. However, he was not crowned champion until well after the British Grand Prix because the German, Swiss and Spanish rounds were cancelled after the British Grand Prix took place. The 1955 season would be the final for Mercedes Benz as a constructor until the team's revival in 2010. It would also mark the final win for Mercedes until the 2012 Chinese Grand Prix. Aside from Ascari's death this year, Italian Mario Alborghetti died at the non championship Pau Grand Prix in France driving a Maserati and two drivers were killed in the Indy 500, Manny Ayulo in practice, and previous race winner Bill Vukovich during the race two weeks later.

The Monaco Grand Prix returned to the calendar after a five year absence. The Dutch Grand Prix returned to the calendar after a year absence. The British Grand Prix was moved from Silverstone Circuit to Aintree Motor Racing Circuit, in keeping with the event sharing arrangement between the two circuits. The French Grand Prix was supposed to have been held on 3 July but was cancelled. The German Grand Prix was supposed to have been held on 31 July but was cancelled. The Swiss Grand Prix was supposed to have been held on 21 August but was cancelled. The Spanish Grand Prix was supposed to have been held on 23 October but was cancelled.