Ұзаққа созылатын қатайып қалу (Priapism) және оның себептері

Medical condition where an erection lasts excessively long
Sickle cell disease is the most common cause of ischemic priapism. Ischemic priapism occurs when blood does not adequately drain from the penis. Priapism occurs in about 1 in 20,000 to 1 in 100,000 males per year.

Priapism is classified into three groups: ischemic (low flow), nonischemic (high flow), and recurrent ischemic.

Priapism in women (continued, painful erection of the clitoris) is significantly rarer than priapism in men and is known as clitoral priapism or clitorism. Only a few case reports of women experiencing clitoral priapism exist. In extreme cases, if the penis develops severe vascular disease, the priapism can result in penile gangrene.

Causes of low flow priapism include sickle cell anemia (most common in children), leukemia, and other blood dyscrasias such as thalassemia and multiple myeloma, and the use of various drugs, as well as cancers. Other conditions such as Fabry's disease, as well as neurologic disorders such as spinal cord lesions and spinal cord trauma (priapism has been reported in people who have been hanged; see death erection). Priapism can also be caused by reactions to medications. The most common medications that cause priapism are intra cavernous injections for the treatment of erectile dysfunction (papaverine, alprostadil). Other medication groups reported are antihypertensives (e. g. Doxazosin), antipsychotics (e. g., chlorpromazine, clozapine), antidepressants (most notably trazodone), anti convulsant and mood stabilizer drugs such as sodium valproate. Anticoagulants, cantharides (Spanish Fly) and recreational drugs (alcohol, heroin and cocaine) have been associated. Priapism is also known to occur from bites of the Brazilian wandering spider.

For those with ischemic priapism, the initial treatment is typically aspiration of blood from the corpus cavernosum. Proximal shunts, such as the Quackel's, are more involved and entail operative dissection in the perineum where the corpora meet the spongiosum while making an incision in both and suturing both openings together. Shunts created between the corpora cavernosa and great saphenous vein called a Grayhack shunt can be done though this technique is rarely used. As the complication rates with prolonged priapism are high, early penile prosthesis implantation may be considered.

The name comes from the Greek god Priapus (Πρίαπος), a fertility god, often represented with a disproportionately large phallus.