Борво: Галияның шипалы сулар құдайы

Gaulish god of healing springs
Borvo or Bormo (Gaulish: *Borwō, Bormō) was an ancient Celtic god of healing springs worshipped in Gaul and Gallaecia. He was sometimes identified with the Graeco Roman god Apollo, although his cult had preserved a high degree of autonomy during the Roman period.

The Gaulish theonym Boruō means 'hot spring', 'warm source'. It stems from the Proto Celtic verbal root *berw ('boil, brew'; cf. Old Irish berbaid, Middle Welsh berwi), itself from Proto Indo European *bʰerw ('boil, brew'; cf. Latin ferueō 'to be intensely hot, boil', Sanskrit bhurváni 'agitated, wild'). The Bhearú river (River Barrow) in Ireland has also been linked to this Celtic root. The variant Bormō could have emerged from a difference in suffixes or from dissimilation. Known derivates include Bormanicus (Caldas de Vizela), from an earlier *Borwānicos, and Bormanus or Borbanus (Aix en Diois, Aix en Provence), from an earlier *Borwānos. A goddess named Boruoboendoa, perhaps reflecting the Gaulish theonym *Buruo bouinduā or *Buruo bō uinduā, has also been found in Utrecht. The toponyms Bourbon l'Archambault, Bourbon Lancy, Bourbonne les Bains, Boulbon, Bormes, Bourbriac, La Bourboule and Worms are derived from Borvo or from its variant Bormo. The names of various small rivers in France, such as Bourbouillon, Bourban, and Bourbière, also stem from the theonym.

In Gaul, he was particularly worshipped at Bourbonne les Bains, in the territory of the Lingones, where ten inscriptions are recorded. Two other inscriptions are recorded, one (CIL 13, 02901) from Entrains sur Nohain and the other (CIL 12, 02443) from Aix en Savoie in Gallia Narbonensis. Votive tablets inscribed ‘Borvo’ show that the offerers desired healing for themselves or others. Many of the sites where offerings to Borvo have been found are in Gaul: inscriptions to him have been found in Drôme at Aix en Diois, Bouches du Rhône at Aix en Provence, Gers at Auch, Allier at Bourbon l'Archambault, Savoie at Aix les Bains, Saône et Loire at Bourbon Lancy, in Savoie at Aix les Bains, Haute Marne at Bourbonne les Bains and in Nièvre at Entrains sur Nohain. Findings have also been uncovered in the Netherlands at Utrecht, where he is called Boruoboendua Vabusoa Labbonus, and in Portugal at Vizela and at Idanha a Velha, where he is called Borus and identified with Mars. Bormana was in some areas worshipped independently of her male counterpart, such as at Saint Vulbas. text=Deo Apol/lini Borvoni / et Damonae / C(aius) Daminius / Ferox civis / Lingonus ex / voto|author=|title=|source=Corpus Inscriptionum Latinarum (CIL), 13: 05911. Bourbonne les Bains. text=Bormano / et Borman[ae] / P(ublius) Sappinius / Eusebes v(otum) s(olvit) / l(ibens) m(erito)|author=|title=|source=Corpus Inscriptionum Latinarum (CIL), 12: 01561. Boubon Lancy. Borvo bore similarities to the goddess Sirona, who was also a healing deity associated with mineral springs. According to some scholars, Sirona may have been his mother. Gods like Borvo, and others, equated with Apollo, presided over healing springs, and they are usually associated with goddesses, as their husbands or sons. He is found in Drôme at Aix en Diois with Bormana and in Saône et Loire at Bourbon Lancy and in Haute Marne at Bourbonne les Bains with Damona but he is accompanied by the ‘candid spirit’ Candidus in Nièvre at Entrains sur Nohain. In the Netherlands at Utrecht as Boruoboendua Vabusoa Lobbonus, he is found in the company of a Celtic Hercules, Macusanus and Baldruus.