Германика және Кельт құдайлары: Жеңістің төрт қасиеттісі

Name or epithet of Germanic goddesses

In Romano British culture and Germanic polytheism, the Alaisiagae ,/æ//l//i//ə/'/s//aɪ//ə/,/dʒ//iː/ (possibly "dispatching terrors" or "all victorious") were a quartet of Celtic and Germanic goddesses deifying victory.

The Alaisiagae were Celtic deities and Germanic deities who were worshipped in Roman Britain, altar stones raised to them having been recovered in the United Kingdom at Vercovicium (Housesteads Roman Fort) at Hadrian's Wall in England. Another centre of worship was perhaps the town of Bitburg, near the German Belgian border, which was called “Beda Vicus,” which although Latin derives from the Celtic "Village of Beda. ".

The goddesses called the Alaisiagae are named on altar stones found in shrines along Hadrian's Wall: Beda, Baudihille, Fimmilena, and Friagabis. These Celtic goddesses had parallels with similarly named Frisian goddesses who may have arrived on Germanic soil via Gaulic France. These goddesses are not known to be Roman. Beda may have been an abbreviation for Ricagambeda since the two names share similar semantics. The Romanized Celtic soldiers who served along Hadrian’s Wall more than likely introduced the Alaisiagae to their Roman counterparts, thus spreading worship of these goddesses of victory.

The altar stones of the Alaisiagae were recovered in the Temple of Mars at Vercovicium. This roughly circular temple was found on top of Chapel Hill a little to the south of the fort, its walls of undressed stone facing with an earth and rubble infill enclosed an area measuring about 17¼ ft. across. The insubstantial foundations indicate that the superstructure was at least half timbered. The temple was built in the early 3rd century upon the ruins of a rectangular workshop in the vicus which had been destroyed during the barbarian incursions of AD196. It contained altars dedicated by the commanders and men of all three units known to be stationed at Vercovicium to the god Mars Thincsus, the Romanized aspect of a Teutonic god, a common occurrence among the Roman auxiliary units. Various altars have been found at this site dedicated to Mars and/or to the Celto Germanic goddesses Alaisiagae; named on one altar as Beda and Fimmilena, on another as Baudihille (Boudihillia) and Friagabis.

Boudihillia can be derived from the Proto Celtic *Bōud ī hīlījā meaning 'victory's fullness.' Beda is derived from the Proto Celtic *Bed ā meaning 'burial.' Alaisiagae is derived from the Proto Celtic *Ad lājsījā agai meaning (in the illative) 'sending fears,' plausibly a byword for a notion of “dispatching terrors” (q. v. ).