Виктор Буняковский: Ресейлік математик және ғылымына қосқан үлесі

Russian mathematician

Viktor Yakovlevich Bunyakovsky (Виктор Яковлевич Буняковский; Віктор Якович Буняковський; 16 December 1804 [O. S. 4 December 1804] – 12 December 1889 [O. S. 30 November 1889]) was a Russian mathematician, member and later vice president of the Petersburg Academy of Sciences. Bunyakovsky was a mathematician, noted for his work in theoretical mechanics and number theory (see: Bunyakovsky conjecture), and is credited with an early discovery of the Cauchy–Schwarz inequality, proving it for the infinite dimensional case as well as for definite integrals of real valued functions in 1859, many years prior to Hermann Schwarz's works on the subject.

Viktor Yakovlevich Bunyakovsky was born in Bar, Podolia Governorate, Russian Empire (now Vinnytsia Oblast, Ukraine) in 1804. Bunyakovsky was a son of Colonel Yakov Vasilievich Bunyakovsky of a cavalry regiment, who was killed in Finland in 1809.

After the seven years abroad, Bunyakovsky returned to St. Petersburg in 1826 and took up teaching and research, which he pursued for much of his life. In addition to the university courses in analytical mathematics, differential equations, and probability theory, he was also active in preparing syllabi and teaching manuals for Russian schools and military academies. He lectured on mathematics and mechanics at the First Cadet Corps (later the Naval Academy) from 1826 to 1831 and at the Communications Institute in St. Petersburg. From 1828 to 1864, Bunyakovsky was attached to the officer classes at the Naval Academy in St. Petersburg. From 1846 to 1880, Bunyakovsky was a professor at St. Petersburg University in St. Petersburg, Russia. mathematical physics, condensed matter physics, mathematical analysis, differential equations, actuarial mathematics, and mathematics education with a focus on mathematical terminology. He worked on theoretical mechanics and number theory (see: Bunyakovsky conjecture). He is credited with an early discovery of the Cauchy–Schwarz inequality, proving it for the infinite dimensional case in 1859, many years prior to Hermann Schwarz's research on the subject. Bunyakovsky is an author of Foundations of the mathematical theory of probability (1846). Bunyakovsky published around 150 research papers. Bunyakovsky published his first volume: Lexicon of fundamental and applied mathematics, which was written until letter "D" in Russia in 1839. Bunyakovsky became a world famous scientist after this publication. Bunyakovsky wrote a research article titled: "On possibility of introduction of certain measures of trust to results of some sciences and statistics mainly", which was published in Sovremennik in Russia in 1848. Bunyakovsky published his monograph: "The parallel lines" in which he provided the scientific evidences to the problems in the parallel lines theory in Russia in 1853. Bunyakovsky wrote a research article titled: "Biological researches and their application to man's population in Russia", which was published in "Zapiski Academii Nauk" in Russia in 1873 or 1874. Bunyakovsky printed a research article titled: "On the probability of number of divisions of Russian army in 1883–1885", which was published in Zapiski Academii Nauk in Russia in 1885. Bunyakovsky developed a number of practical applications as far as the probability theory is concerned, publishing his research articles in the Russian magazines Sovremennik and Zhurnal Ministerstava Narodnogo Prosvesheniya. Bunyakovsky made a significant scientific contribution to the problem of the naval department pension fund creation, publishing his research articles in Morskoi Sbornik magazine in 1858. Bunyakovsky formulated an empirical law of deaths in 1869, making it possible to solve the problems on the calculation of both capital insurance and life time incomes in finances.

A street in Bar, Ukraine, is named after Bunyakovsky. The Bunyakovsky International Conference honoring Bunyakovsky's scientific achievements was organized in 2004 in Kyiv, Ukraine.